Conference Session

BME Laboratory Courses and Experiences

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Virgilio Gonzalez, University of Texas, El Paso; Eric Freudenthal, University of Texas, El Paso; Homer Nazeran, University of Texas, El Paso

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

environments.Bibliography1. Gentoo. (2009). "Gentoo Linux Handbook." Retrieved 02/06/2009, 2009, fromhttp://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-x86.xml.2. Giansanti, D., L. Castrichella, et al. (2008). "Telepathology requires specific training for the technician in thebiomedical laboratory." Telemedicine and e-Health 14(8): 801-807.3. OpenMoko. (2009). "OpenMoko Neo FreeRunner." Retrieved 02/06/2009, 2009, fromhttp://www.openmoko.com/product.html.4. Ren, H., M. Q. H. Meng, et al. (2005). Physiological information acquisition through wireless biomedicalsensor networks, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, United States, Institute of Electrical and Electronics EngineersComputer Society.5. Wang, Z. and L. Shi (2008). A handheld wireless medical information system

Conference Session

Innovations in ECE Education I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eric Freudenthal, University of Texas, El Paso; Mary Kay Roy, University of Texas, El Paso; Alexandria Ogrey, University of Texas, El Paso; Ann Gates, University of Texas, El Paso

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

AC 2009-2188: A CREATIVELY ENGAGING INTRODUCTORY COURSE INCOMPUTER SCIENCE THAT GENTLY MOTIVATES EXPLORATION OFADVANCED MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTSEric Freudenthal, University of Texas, El Paso Eric Freudenthal is an Assistant Professor of computer science at the Universtity of Texas at El Paso.Mary Kay Roy, University of Texas, El Paso Mary "Kay" Roy is on the adjunct faculty of computer science at the Universtity of Texas at El Paso.Alexandria Ogrey, University of Texas, El Paso Alexandria N. Ogrey is a B.S. candidate studying computer science at the Universtity of Texas at El Paso.Ann Gates, University of Texas, El Paso Ann Q. Gates is a Professor of computer science at the University of

Conference Session

Instrumentation and Controls Laboratories

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Driss Benhaddou, University of Houston; Alan Rolf Mickelson, University of Colorado, Boulder

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

. An assessment of in-person and remotely operated laboratories. Journal of Engineering Education, 92(1):57–62, 2003.[34] Eileen Scanlon, Chetz Colwell, Martyn Cooper, and Terry Di Paolo. Remote experiments, re-versioning and re-thinking science learning. Computers and Education, 43 n.1-2:153–162, 2004.[35] H. Shen, B. Dalager X. Xu, V. Kristiansen, Ø . Strøm, M. S. Shur, T. A. Fjeldly, J.-Q. Liu, and T. Ytterdal. Conducting laboratory experiments over the internet. IEEE transactions on Education, 42(3):180–185, 1999. Page 14.259.10[36] D. C. Sicker, T. Lookabaugh, J. Santos, and F. Barnes. Assessing the effectiveness of

Conference Session

Computational Tools and Simulation I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nabil Lehlou, University of Arkansas; Nebil Buyurgan, University of Arkansas; Justin Chimka, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

., “Animations and Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Programmable Logic Controller Education.” International Journal of Engineering Education, 19(2), p. 282-296 (2003). Page 14.209.86. Huang, S., Su, Q., Samant, N., and Khan, I., “Development of a Web-Based Integrated Manufacturing Laboratory,” Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 9(4), p. 228-237 (2001).7. Jiang, H., Kurama, Y., and Fanella, D., “WWW-Based Virtual Laboratories for Reinforced Concrete Education,” Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 10(4), p. 167-181 (2002).8. Kuester, F. and Hutchinson, T., “A Virtualized Laboratory for Earthquake

Conference Session

Pedagogical Developments in BME

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Cawthorne, Purdue University; Osman Cekic, Purdue University; Monica Cox, Purdue University; Melissa Stacer, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

, G., Liu, S. Q., Smith, H. D., & Hirsch, P. (2006). Educational Modules in Tissue Engineering Based on the “How People Learn” Framework. BEE-j , 7.4. Birol, G., McKenna, A. F., Smith, H. D., Giorgio, T. D., & Brophy, S. P. (2002). Integration of the "How People Learn" Framework into Educational Module Development and Implementation in Biotechnology. Second Joint EMBS/BMES Conference (pp. 2640-2641). Houston: IEEE.5. Barr, R, Pandy, M, Petrosino, A, Austin, B and Goldberg, E. (2004). Classroom Testing of VaNTH Biomechanics Learning Modules. Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education Session 1109: 20 pages (2004).6. Greenberg, J.E., Smith, N.T. and Newman, J.H. Instructional Module

Conference Session

Innovation in Laboratory Studies and Outreach Programs

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Georgia Harris, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Elizabeth Gentry, National Institute of Standards and Technology

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

Poor 5 4 3 2 1Feedback from attendees Excellent Poor(New sign-ups, Q&A, etc.) (please explain) 5 4 3 2 1Overall, how do you think it went? Excellent Poor 5 4 3 2 1Resources Distributed: Not available yet: ̌ Careers in Metrology Poster

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kerrie Kephart, University of Texas, El Paso; Elsa Villa, University of Texas, El Paso; Louis Everett, University of Texas, El Paso; Arunkumar Pennathur, University of Texas, El Paso

AC 2009-441: CULTIVATING AUTHENTIC ENGINEERING DISCOURSE:RESULTS OF FACULTY DEVELOPMENT EFFORTSKerrie Kephart, University of Texas, El Paso Kerrie L. Kephart is Assistant Professor of Bilingual/ESL Education at the University of Texas at El Paso. Her research interests include academic literacy development, second language learning, and the connections between language and learning. She provides faculty development workshops on classroom practice, learning theories, and supporting students’ development of communication skills.Elsa Villa, University of Texas, El Paso Elsa Q. Villa is a lecturer in the Department of Teacher Education, Division of Mathematics, Science, and Technology

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Burnham, University of Texas, Austin; Jules Campbell, University of Texas, Austin; Surya Santoso, University of Texas, Austin; Arturo Compean, University of Texas, Pan American; Jaime Ramos, University of Texas, Pan American

besimulated. The principle advantage to a DFIG is independent control of active and reactive power.The laboratory illustrates how the d and q components of the rotor current affect the P and Qcomponents of the complex power.5 Integration into curriculumA basic knowledge of electric power topics, including voltage, current, active and reactive power,three-phases systems, and one-line diagrams, is required for all experiments. Students will benefitfrom previous work with electric machines, especially induction machines. It is, however, Page 14.461.7possible to compensate for a lack of study in this area with sufficient instruction, and the

Conference Session

Sustainable Education and the Environment

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Omer Onar, Illinois Institute of Technology; Alireza Khaligh, Illinois Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

− − − IL VPV Cp − Q Vb Ib Vu / Vo Co Vc LOAD / Q4 Q2

Conference Session

Design Projects in Mechanical Engineering II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian Novoselich, United States Military Academy; Joel Dillon, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Page 14.1285.6of multiple teams for 2008:Q: How did having multiple Baja teams this year help or hurt your success? 1. It helped inspire an internal competition. 2. It helped by creating internal competition. It hurt by dividing people and assets. 3. Helped- competition kept us driven and let us see other alternatives to problems. Hurt- split up the members that really wanted to work on the vehicle and not choosing members hurt team dynamics. 4. Helped- teams were able to show the other difficulties and problems that would be applicable to both. Required increased insight to produce two separate products. 5. I think it helped because we fed ideas off one another, but a consolidated team with those that worked

Conference Session

Laboratories in Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carl Spezia, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

interactivesimulations. Survey items relating to student interest and engagement are promising.Fig. 6 lists a typical test log file. The first four lines comprise the file header. This headerrecords the student name, time and date, test name, and test scoring. The test scoring line liststhe percentage correct answers, the response percentage, and the number of correct answers. Theresponse percentage measures the number of times a student responded to questions during John Doe 1/16/2009 9:52:33 PM Test ID: Practice 80.00 28.75 16.00 Q# COC POC R# ETQ Cor

Conference Session

Innovative Curriculum and Practices in Engineering Technology

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wei Zhan, Texas A&M University; Rainer Fink, Texas A&M University; Alex Fang, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

1000 Minimum -1744.28 1st Quartile -534.17 Median -116.19 3rd Q uartile 314.78 -1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 Maximum 1758.99 95% Confidence I nterv al for Mean

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carol Haden, Magnolia Consulting; Paul Flikkema, Northern Arizona University; Tom Weller, University of South Florida; Jeff Frolik, University of Vermont; Wendy Verrei-Berenback, University of Vermont; Wayne Shiroma, University of Hawaii, Manoa

communicationrather than only wireless sensor networks.Most students felt that providing a hands-on project based aspect to the course would greatlyincrease their engagement in the content. Several students signed up for the course not realizingthat it was an inverted format and had expected the course to be a more traditional lecture formatwith laboratory experiences embedded throughout the semester. Many felt that the hybrid natureof the class would have worked better if hands-on opportunities were provided during class time.Student enthusiasm during the pilot was strongly positive overall. Most students were verypositive about the inverted classroom format, where they could watch the lecture videos at theirown convenience, followed by free-wheeling Q&

Conference Session

Manufacturing Education Curriculum

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arif Sirinterlikci, Robert Morris University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

/academics/grad/industrial[6] Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry (10/14/2003). Workers’ CompensationCompliance. Retrieved January 19, 2006, fromhttp://www.dli.state.pa.us/landi/cwp/view.asp?a=138&Q=65908&landiPNavCtr=|1065|1306|#2641[7] Asfahl, C. R., Industrial Safety and Health Management (5th Edition), Prentice Hall, 2003.[8] http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0101590/[9] www.hayesassoc.com Page 14.1138.10

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Farrokh Attarzadeh, University of Houston; Deniz Gurkan, University of Houston; Mequanint Moges, University of Houston; Miguel Ramos, University of Houston; Victor Gallardo, University of Houston; Mehrube Mehrubeoglu, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi; Reddy Talusani, Houston Community College System

styles Unanticipated Outcomes - Observation, informal Q&A 1,2,3,4 Figure 1. Relational Structure of CLABSIn this model, CLABS components impart knowledge, skills, and guidance to the student that inturn lead to positive outcomes as delineated by the program objectives. In addition, the projectmonitors the role of external factors and unanticipated outcomes through observation andinquiry. While the CLABS project team has continually assessed and evaluated the program inthe past, the addition of concept mapping and

Conference Session

New Learning Paradigms I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Duffy, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Carol Barry, University Massachusetts Lowell; Linda Barrington, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Manuel Heredia, University of Massachusetts, Lowell

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

thecommunity, (k) my enjoyment or satisfaction with teaching, (l) my ability to address ABEToutcomes in my teaching, (m), my day-to-day workload, (n) my access to resources and people,(o) the existence of partnerships between my College or program and other organizations in thecommunity, (p), the use of community issues in the class or program by other faculty in theCollege or community organization, (q) my role as a resource for colleagues in my College orprogram, (r) my connections with other engineers who share my interests and ideals, (s) mysense that I am confident and capable as an educator, and (t) my sense of pride and satisfactionwith the UML engineering program. This survey required reporting on a Likert scale of 1-9,with 1 being “strongly

Conference Session

ERM Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

TK Beam, James Madison University; Olga Pierrakos, James Madison University; Jamie Constantz, James Madison University; Aditya Johri, Virginia Tech; Robin Anderson, James Madison University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Quarterly, 39, 239-263.12. Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications, Inc. Page 14.968.12

Conference Session

Teams and Teamwork in Design I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xiaobo Peng, Prairie View A&M University; Katie Grantham Lough, Missouri University of Science and Technology; Benjamin Dow, Missouri University of Science and Technology

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Uncharted Territory,” presented at PACE Annual Forum, Provo, Utah, July 24-29.19. Peng, X., Leu, M. C., and Niu, Q., 2008, “Integration of Collaborative Engineering Design Using TeamcenterCommunity in Mechanical Engineering Curricula,” Product Realization: A Comprehensive Approach, edited byMileta M. Tomovic and Shaoping Wang, Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.20. Peng, X., Lough, K. G., and Dow, B., 2008, “Integrating Engineering Design, Prototyping, and ProjectManagement Using PLM Tools,” PACE Global Annual Forum, Detroit, MI, July 28-August 1. Page 14.1127.12

Conference Session

Design in the ECE Curriculum

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alan Cheville, Oklahoma State University; Charles Bunting, Oklahoma State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

tolerances. Students were also taught correct procedures forinstalling SMA connectors to their fabricated components to permit convenient testing and tohave a modular system capable of easy component replacement.Teaching ConceptsThe instructor used an interactive lecture format focusing on elements from the project as elicitedfrom a Q&A session at the start of the lecture. The primary focus of the lecture was to providesufficient background to understand the theoretical aspects required to succeed at transitioningfrom a technician (focus on instrumentation and manufacturing) to an engineer (focus oninterpretation and adapting design or measurement procedures). Example problems were alsoassigned to students, but were not collected or graded

Conference Session

International Aspects of Civil Engineering

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eric Crispino, United States Military Academy; Andrew Bellocchio, United States Military Academy; Scott Hamilton, United States Military Academy; Aaron Hill, United States Military Academy; Stephen Ressler, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

gapbetween the developed and developing worlds.13 In providing assistance to developingcountries, faculty development may be one of the best ways to improve education in thedeveloping world and close the higher education gap.References1. Lowman, J., Mastering the Techniques of Teaching, 2nd ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1995.2. Ressler, S., Conley, C, Gash, R. “Designing a Civil Engineering Program for the National Military Academy ofAfghanistan.” American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference, Pittsburgh, PA.3. Ressler, S.J., Gash, R., Conley, C., Hamilton, S. R. , Momand, F., Fekrat, Q., and Gulistani, A.. "Implementinga Civil Engineering Program at the National Military Academy of Afghanistan." American Society for

Conference Session

Critical Thinking and Creative Arts

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christy Moore, University of Texas, Austin; D'Arcy Randall, University of Texas, Austin; Hillary Hart, University of Texas, Austin

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

Robert Redford – The Unforeseen. Excerpt from Q &A held at the Alamo Draft House. AustinDaze. Retrieved on January 22, 2009 from http://www.austindaze.com/2008/07/03/laura-dunn-and-robert-redford/. Page 14.1180.13Page 14.1180.14

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Srikanth Tadepalli, University of Texas, Austin; Cameron Booth, University of Texas, Austin; Mitchell Pryor

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

technique, or if the error appears to result solely from question interpretation.Units 1-3 present basic programming concepts in C, followed by a comprehensive Review Test,R1. While unit tests are completed anywhere and graded online, Review Tests are taken duringoffice hours to ensure the course is completed in good faith. Students must also pass a Q&A aftereach Review Test which provides an opportunity for personal feedback. Units 4-7 coveradvanced C concepts. Units 8-10 introduce MATLAB and units 11-13 introduce Object-OrientedProgramming in JAVA. The final Review Test, R4, must be completed before the last class day.This implementation has proven a viable solution to the issues described above. Novices havecan learn material at a slower

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship Education: Assessment and Integrating Entrepreneurship into the Curriculum

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Borchers, Kettering University; Sung Hee Park, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

Analysis. Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.a Rotation converged in 7 iterations.Q1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 – Marketing (items noted with a (1))Q 7, 8, 9, 10 – Innovation (items noted with a (2))Q11, 12, 13, 14. 15 - Management (items noted with a (3))Q16, 17, 18, 19 – Decision making under uncertainty and pressure (items noted with a (4))Q20, 21, 22 - Financial/Market analysis and control (items noted with a (5)) Page 14.1289.11 Table 2 - Correlations EFFICACY INTENT LOCUS PINTENT PEFFICA EFFICACY

Conference Session

Women in K-12 Engineering

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Laura Bottomley, North Carolina State University; Katherine Titus-Becker, North Carolina State University; Heather Smolensky-Lewis, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Conference, 1997. 27th Annual Conference. Teaching and Learning in an Era ofChange. Proceedings., 1997.5. Fletcher, S.L., et al., (2001) “The WISE Summer Bridge Program: Assessing Student Attrition, Retention, andProgram Effectiveness,” Proceedings of the 2001 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference& Exposition.6. Lavelle, Jerome P. and Richard F. Keltie, “Calculus Intervention for First-Semester Engineering Students,”Proceedings of the 2005 American Society of Engineering Education Annual Conference and Exposition.7. Bauer, K., and Liang, Q., (2003) “The Effect of Personality and Precollege Characteristics on First-YearActivities and Academic Performance,” Journal of College Student Development, Vol. 44, No. 3, p. 277-290.8

Conference Session

Frontiers in Engineering Management Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Wyrick, Texas Tech; Adji Cisse, Texas Tech

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

Page 14.1348.10challenge now is not only to study these systems and find the most appropriatemanagement techniques, but also to form the next generation of engineers who mostlikely will be required to possess the skills to manage and/or evolve in these globalvirtual teams.It becomes therefore the imperative for the core of engineering education to“manufacture” the next generation of engineers, who will be able to thrive in thisdeveloping engineering environment, that of global virtual engineering teams. Futureresearch should therefore look at implementing virtual engineering design teams in newcollege students and study how to effectively implement and manage these types of teamsin order to achieve greater success.References[1] Wang, Q., Huang

Conference Session

Knowing Our Students, Faculty, and Profession

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ashlyn Munson, Colorado School of Mines; Barbara Moskal, Colorado School of Mines; Alka Harriger, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

., Hundigopal, N., and You, X. (2004). “Increasing high school girls’ selfconfidence and awareness of CS through a positive summer experience”. Proceedings of the Special Interest Groupon Computer Science Education.13. NEA Policy Brief. (2008). Mathematics and Science for Every Girl and Boy.http://209.85.173.132/search?q=cache:Y-ddNq11zBkJ:www.nea.org/assets/docs/mf_PB16_Math.pdf+girls%2B%22ap+exam%22%2Bcomputer+science&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us. (accessed March 2009)14. Harriger, A., Dunsmore, H., & Lutes, K. (2008-2011). Surprising Possibilities Imagined and Realized throughInformation Technology (SPIRIT). Subcontract with Purdue University, NSF, DRL-0737679.15. Alice: An Educational Software that teaches students computer

Conference Session

Innovations in ECE Education III

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Lau, Universidad del Turabo; Sastry Kuruganty, Universidad del Turabo

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

the Jacobian matrix  ÷P2 ÷P2 ÷P2     ÷ | V2 | ÷φ 2 ÷φ 3  J ? ÷P3 ÷P3 ÷P3  . ÷ | V | ÷φ 2 ÷φ 3   ÷Q 2 ÷Q2 ÷Q2   2  ÷ | V2 | ÷φ 2 ÷φ 3 For the initial estimates | V2 | = 1.0 p.u., φ 2 ? 0 o , and φ 3

Conference Session

SE Curriculum and Course Management

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Francis Lutz, Monmouth University; James McDonald, Monmouth University

Tagged Divisions

Software Engineering Constituent Committee

. Thiswould free up the selection choices of interns and eliminate possible duplication of material.The academic leaders of the Software Engineering Masters’ degree program(s), which theorganization will use in the future for its software engineering interns, should be invited to abriefing with the organization’s management and a small cross section of employees so they canbetter understand the daily functions of the organization. A short panel session withorganizational management followed by an open Q&A session and, perhaps, one-on-onediscussions with a cross section of individual employees could substantially increase theunderstanding faculty would have of the interns’ academic needs.There is a very diverse range of continuing professional

Conference Session

Project-Based Learning in ECE Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sharlene Katz, California State University, Northridge; James Flynn, California State University, Northridge

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

in the communications lab, where the USRP was connected to anoutdoor antenna. Students were able to see the signal flow in a SSB receiver implemented inGRC using Weaver’s Method. Weaver’s Method is highly complex and involves such conceptsas analytical signals using in-phase(I) and quadrature(Q)components. Signals in the 20 meter HFamateur radio band were received (see figure 11). This demonstration could have also beencarried out using pre-recorded signals captured by the USRP. Figure 11. Spectrum of 20 Meter HF Amateur Radio BandDemonstration 4: Angle ModulationThe final demonstration of the series dealt with the most complex form of modulation, anglemodulation. At this point in the semester, students had learned about the

Conference Session

DELOS Best Paper Nominations

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gene Liao, Wayne State University; Chih-Ping Yeh, Wayne State University; Qunfang Liao, Panasonic Automotive Systems

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

Electronics, vol. 1, pp. 80-85, 1995.12. Robert Bosch GmbH, “CAN Specification” Version 2.0 ISO/TC22/SC3/WG1 document 1992.13. C.K. Chen, C.P. Hwang, and C.C. Su, “Implementation of a PC-based ABS system with CAN-bus interface on an experimental platform,” Intl. J. of Vehicle Design, vol. 37/4, pp. 343-357, 2005.14. L. Xie, Q. Tian, and H. Ogai, “Virtual vehicle system development and its application for ABS design based on distributed network,” Intl. J. of Computer Applications in Technology, vol. 25/4, pp. 209-217, 2006.15. J.D. Lee and B. H. Kantowitz, “Network analysis of information flows to integrate in-vehicle information systems,” Intl. J. of Vehicle Information and Communication Systems, vol. 1/1, pp. 24-43, 2005.16. M. Ehsani, Y