Conference Session

Design Tools and Methodology I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel D. Jensen, U.S. Air Force Academy; John J. Wood, U.S. Air Force Academy; Philip Knodel, U.S. Air Force Academy; Kristin L. Wood, University of Texas, Austin; Richard H. Crawford, University of Texas, Austin; Robert Vincent, U. S. Air Force Academy

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

AC 2012-3797: EVALUATING IDEATION USING THE PUBLICATIONSPOPULAR SCIENCE, POPULAR MECHANICS, AND MAKE IN COOR-DINATION WITH A NEW PATENT SEARCH TOOL AND THE 6-3-5 METHODDr. Daniel D. Jensen, U.S. Air Force Academy Dan Jensen is a professor of engineering mechanics at the U.S. Air Force Academy, where he has been since 1997. He received his B.S. (mechanical engineering), M.S. (applied mechanics), and Ph.D. (aerospace engineering science) from the University of Colorado, Boulder. He has worked for Texas Instruments, Lockheed Martin, NASA, University of the Pacific, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, and MSC Software Corp. His research includes design of Micro Air Vehicles, development of innovative de- sign methodologies

Conference Session

TAC/ABET-related Outcome-based Assessment Methods and Models

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Clark D. Shaver P.E., Pittsburg State University; James A. Lookadoo P.E., Pittsburg State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

take a set of comprehensive assessment exams. The content of the exams coverthe student outcomes for each of the core courses. The exam is set up as a one credit- hourrequired course. After the completion of the core exam course, students then take a selection ofrequired upper-division courses within the EET program. Students also can select aspecialization which includes, Aerospace Electronics, Control Systems, Embedded Systems,Communication Electronics, or a customized emphasis. During the senior year, students arerequired to take a two-semester capstone design course sequence. The first semester consists ofproposing, and designing a ‘senior project’. The second semester has the students build aprototype of that project.A major point of

Conference Session

Stops and Starts in the Development of Cooperative Education Programs

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bryan E. Dansberry, NASA Johnson Space Center

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

the STEM pipeline is outstanding, thenumber of students eventually employed by NASA is much lower than you would find ininternship or co-op programs in the private sector. This is a normal characteristic of internshipprograms at government agencies - which tend to be sized based on available funds as opposedto planned hiring needs. In evaluating the success of this program, NASA considers alumniemployed in aerospace, academia, and education to be of equal value to those employed by theagency itself.SummationThe dataset generated by the USRP internship program over the last four years is substantial andunique. It includes application data for over 10,000 applicants and 1,415 selected interns. Thedatabase also contains ??? student exit surveys

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Noe Vargas Hernandez, University of Texas, El Paso; Linda C. Schmidt, University of Maryland, College Park; Gül E. Okudan Kremer, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

use the stimuli as verbsmore than nouns, especially as the difference between the domain of the word and the designtask increased. Further results included an increase in the novelty (as determined by judges) ofconcepts when the stimuli was given.Ahmed and Christensen 10 preformed a protocol study on twelve practicing engineers in themechanical aerospace industry. Six of the engineers were studied while they worked on adifferent aspect of a conceptual design task and the others were working on different detaildesign tasks. It was observed that all the engineers used analogies without prompting. There wasa difference in how the analogies were applied; novices used analogies to gain knowledge aboutthe design while more experienced engineers

Conference Session

Research and Graduate Studies

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brook Sattler, University of Washington; Adam R. Carberry, Arizona State University; Lauren D. Thomas, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

(now 2nd year) Aerospace Engineering PhD student from Georgia Tech 2) a 1st year (now 2nd year) Engineering and Science Education PhD student from Clemson University 3) a recent Electrical and Computer Engineering PhD graduate from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; now post-doctoral research associate at Purdue University’s Engineering Education Department 4) a post-doctoral research associate at Arizona State University (ASU) with a PhD in Education from Tufts University (third author of this paper); now an assistant professor of Engineering at ASU 5) an assistant teaching professor of Business at the University of Missouri who is a recent Industrial Engineering PhD graduate

Conference Session

High School Students Thinking and Performance

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew D. Lammi, North Carolina State University; Theodore J. Branoff, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

analyses of each design team. The summer engineering program was aselective process attracting students with high academic records. This fact was also reflected inour pool of student designers. Each student designer stated a desire to pursue a post-secondarydegree in the science and engineering fields. One student designer’s high school offered pre-engineering courses and had taken courses in engineering graphics and aerospace. Not all of thestudent designers were able to take pre-engineering coursework, as these courses were notoffered at the varying high schools. None of the student designers had taken a course inengineering design or had a capstone experience.The design studio The student designers came to the university campus and met

Conference Session

Capstone Design Projects and Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michele Miller, Michigan Technological University; John K. Gershenson, Michigan Technological University; Amilcar Alejandro Rincon-Charris, Inter American University of Puerto Rico, Bayamon; Carlos A. Alvarado, Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico; Jose A. Rojas, Universidad del Turabo

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management, Industrial Engineering, Systems Engineering

go to work for US companies in Puerto Rico oron the mainland, and others go into US graduate programs. The capstone design experienceplays an important role in developing their potential for a successful engineering career. Theneed for engineers trained in systems engineering design also becomes imperative for PuertoRico with the establishment in recent years of aerospace design and manufacturing companieslike InfoTech (Pratt & Whitney), Honeywell, and Hamilton Sundstrand.Background on Participating UniversitiesThe three Puerto Rican universities working on the project have relatively young engineeringprograms. The School of Engineering at the Universidad del Turabo, established in 1990, offersundergraduate programs in Mechanical

Conference Session

ETD Design I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shekar Viswanathan, National University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

The Olen Group, LLC (technology consulting)Principal Langston Associates (defense contracting consultants)Vice Chancellor San Diego Community College DistrictVice President SAIC (defense, technology)President, CEO Novatel Wireless (telecommunications)President Bingham Construction (commercial construction)Director, Avionics Northrop Grumman (defense, aerospace)Sr. Vice President Cubic Corporation (defense, telecommunications, systems) Table 1: Current School Level Board MembershipThis advisory group has, relative to program development and management,recommended areas for potential new program offerings (e.g., “green

Conference Session

Capstone and International Experiences

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott Danielson, Arizona State University, Polytechnic; Chell A. Roberts, Arizona State University, Polytechnic

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

simple task to obtain.The CTI has engaged a broad spectrum of external sponsors via these iProjects. Industrialpartners range from large aerospace and defense contractors, e.g., Honeywell, General Dynamics,Raytheon, technology oriented companies, e.g., GoDaddy and Advanced Micro Devices (AMD),aftermarket automotive companies, e.g., Flex-a-lite, and small startup companies, e.g., Vyyknand World Music Stage. Partnership is not constrained to the business sector, local governmentslike the citys of Gilbert and Tempe along with Sandia National Laboratory are current partners. Page 25.768.3While inherently attractive from an educational standpoint, the

Conference Session

Sustainable Product Development and Manufacturing

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Devi K. Kalla, Metropolitan State College of Denver; Aaron Brown, Metropolitan State College of Denver

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

- search faculty member; and Ball AeroSpace, 2004-2005, where he worked as a Mechanical Engineer on mechanism design. Page 25.776.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012 Infusing A Sustainable Green Manufacturing Course into Manufacturing/Mechanical Engineering Technology ProgramAbstractGreen manufacturing is an emerging field in recent years and is also the sustainable developmentmodel for modern manufacturing industries. Sustainable green manufacturing encompasses theconcept of combining technical issues of design and manufacturing, energy conservation,pollution

Conference Session

Computer Science-related Programs

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ning Fang, Utah State University; Karen Nielson, Utah State University; Stephanie M. Kawamura, InTech Collegiate High School

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

than 60 technical papers published in refereed international journals and conference proceedings. He is a Senior Member of the Society for Manufacturing Engineering and a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. He is also a member of the American Society for Engineering Education and a member of the American Educational Research Association.Ms. Karen Nielson, Utah State University Karen Nielson is a junior studying mechanical engineering at Utah State University, emphasizing in aerospace engineering. She will go on to graduate school after graduating with her bachelor’s of sci- ence in May 2013. Nielson plans on earning her Ph.D. and then pursuing a career as a professor. It is her dream to research

Conference Session

Global Engineering Education: Cross-cultural Awareness and Social Impacts

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Suzanne W. Scott, The Petroleum Institute

Tagged Divisions

International

across cultures”: Colorado School of Mines-The Petroleum Institue Cooperative Research Program. Research Inititaion. 2010-2013.7. R. C. Jones and B. S. Oberst, “Quality engineering education for the Arab states region,” www.worldexpertise.com, Accessed Oct 16, 2011.8. National Academy of Engineering. “Grand challenges.” http://www.engineeringchallenges.org/, Accessed Nov 2 2011.9. N. A. Mello, “How one institution provides a global perspective for engineers,” 31st ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, 2001.10. Saunders-Smits, G. N., and E. de graff, “The development of integrated professional skills in aerospace engineering through problem-based learning in design projects.” (CD) Proceedings, 2003 ASEE Annual

Conference Session

Graduate Education and Undergraduate Research-related Issues

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nina Robson, Texas A&M University; Joseph A. Morgan, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

AC 2012-3982: INTRODUCING FACULTY RESEARCH TO UNDERGRAD-UATE ENGINEERING STUDENTS: ENHANCING ACTIVE COOPERA-TIVE LEARNINGDr. Nina Robson, Texas A&M University Nina Robson is currently an Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Engineering Technology and Industrial Distribution Department at Texas A&M University and an Assistant Researcher in the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department at the University of California, Irvine.Dr. Joseph A. Morgan, Texas A&M University Joseph A. Morgan has more than 20 years of military and industry experience in electronics and telecom- munications systems engineering. He joined the Engineering Technology and Industrial Distribution De- partment in 1989 and has served

Conference Session

Attracting Young Minds: Part II

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cameron Denson, Utah State University; Chandra Y. Austin, Auburn University; Christine E. Hailey, Utah State University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

AC 2012-3066: INVESTIGATING UNIQUE ASPECTS OF THE MESA PRO-GRAM FOR UNDERREPRESENTED STUDENTSDr. Cameron Denson, Utah State UniversityChandra Y. Austin, Auburn UniversityDr. Christine E. Hailey, Utah State University Christine E. Hailey is Senior Associate Dean and professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at Utah State University. She is the Principal Investigator and Director of the National Center for Engi- neering and Technology Education, an NSF-Funded Center for Learning and Teaching. The NCETE is a collaborative network of scholars from nine institutions with backgrounds in technology education, engi- neering, and related fields. Its mission is to improve the understanding of the learning and teaching of

Conference Session

Innovations in Materials Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Qu Jin, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Senay Purzer, Purdue University, West Lafayette; P.K. Imbrie, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Materials

Institute for P-12 Engineering Research and Learning (INSPIRE) at Purdue University. Purzer has journal publications on instrument development, teacher professional develop- ment, and K-12 engineering education. Her research focuses on assessing constructs, such as innovation, information literacy, and collaborative learning.Dr. P.K. Imbrie, Purdue University, West Lafayette P.K. Imbrie is an Associate Professor of engineering in the Department of Engineering Education at Purdue University. He holds B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in aerospace engineering from Texas A&M University. His research interests include educational research, solid mechanics, experimental mechanics, microstructural evaluation of materials, and

Conference Session

International Division Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nick M. Safai, Salt Lake Community College; Christopher F. Thompson S.M.ASCE, Salt Lake Community College

Tagged Divisions

International

AC 2012-4967: MOVING TOWARDS GLOBAL COMPETENCY FOR EN-GINEERING STUDENTS THROUGH TRAVEL AND CLASSROOM LEC-TURESDr. Nick M. Safai, Salt Lake Community College Nick Safai is the Chair of Engineering Department (which consists of nine engineering programs Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, Chemical, Material Science, Environmental, Manufacturing, Bioengineering. and Computer Engineering). He is tenured Full Professor. He received from Princeton University his Ph.D. in engineering (multidisciplinary), also from Princeton University: M.S. in aerospace, M.S. in mechan- ical, M.S.E. in civil engineering, and M.S.E. in reservoir engineering/water resources, as well as a B.S. in mechanical engineering from Michigan State. Prior

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Priscilla J. Hill, Mississippi State University; Yaroslav Koshka, Mississippi State University; Oliver J. Myers, Mississippi State University; Giselle Thibaudeau, Mississippi State University; Carlen Henington, Mississippi State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

, nanobiological,and nanoelectronic applications. The final session discussed literature on the possible risks andhealth effects from nanostructures. Since the course was designed for a general audience, noprerequisites were required. The student population each time NanoExposed! Has been taughtto date were quite different. During the spring semester the majority of students (total of 42)were juniors and seniors in chemical engineering, but there were also students from computer,electrical, and mechanical engineering. During the fall semester 17 of the 22 students werefreshmen and there was a greater diversity of majors including aerospace, biological, chemical,computer, electrical, industrial, and mechanical engineering, as well as biochemistry

Conference Session

Global Engineering Models: Developments and Implementations

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gearold Johnson, Colorado State University; Thomas Siller, Colorado State University

Tagged Divisions

International

. By teachingthe course, this conclusion also became one of the important lessons for the authors. Eventhough the students are now enrolled in traditional engineering curricula, they now atleast have an appreciation of the complexity and interdisciplinary nature of the future ofthe engineering profession.OutcomesWhat did the authors learn? Both agree that the course was one of the most difficult theyhave ever taught. The primary reason for the difficulty was the wide range of topic areasthat the Engineering Grand Challenges encompass. One author’s educational backgroundwas aerospace/mechanical engineering; the other’s was civil engineering. The first authoralso has research experience in alternative energies, and formally taught in the

Conference Session

Faculty Development for Distance Learning

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan Donohue, The College of New Jersey; Christine Schnittka, University of Kentucky; Larry Richards, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

AC 2010-1016: THE CONSTRUCTIVIST-BASED WORKSHOP: AN EFFECTIVEMODEL FOR PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT TRAINING ACTIVITIESSusan Donohue, The College of New Jersey Susan Donohue is an assistant professor of Technological Studies in the School of Engineering at the College of New Jersey.Christine Schnittka, University of Kentucky Christine Schnittka is an assistant professor of Curriculum and Instruction in the School of Education at the University of Kentucky.Larry Richards, University of Virginia Larry Richards is a professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering in the School of Engineering and Applied Science at the University of Virginia

Conference Session

Experiential Learning in BME

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rebecca Willits, Saint Louis University; David Barnett, Saint Louis University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

for those students who have already completed the program, totrack their interest level and possible influence the program had on their interests.IntroductionSaint Louis University (SLU) started a Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) Programin Bioengineering with a consortium of faculty in the Departments of Chemistry, BiomedicalEngineering, Aerospace & Mechanical Engineering, Psychology, and Pharmacological andPhysiological Sciences. Funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the goal of theprogram is to provide early undergraduate students (entering first- and second- year students)with real examples of bioengineering career options (both research and industry) to sustain theirinterest in engineering through their early

Conference Session

e-Learning Course Development and Instruction

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Robertson, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

. The methodology behind this paper isbased on analysis of system definition and support in several major companies. Theoutcomes were developed and evaluated in 38 case studies that were the final stage of atraining program for Chief Engineers. They are predominantly concerned withapplications in aerospace, electronics and communications. These case studies are adifferent genre from those normally developed in business schools or for IT applicationsbut they have been invaluable as a means to bring current systems problems into industryshort courses and academic technology programs. Page 15.1208.2Implications for Industry and Academia. A systems

Conference Session

Standards For Future Engineering Practitioners

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bruce Harding, Purdue University; Paul McPherson, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

employment, and also the interest in industrial collaboration with localcolleges and universities to establish courses on standardization. This paper presents the results based on industry segments. These include alternativeenergy, automotive, aerospace, computers and electronics, construction, medical, military/government and health/public safety.Standards in practice todayPractitioners of the ‘baby boomer’ generation are generally the standardization experts of today.As that generation begins to retire, there seems to be waning interest among recent engineeringor technology graduates to fill the looming void in standardization expertise. Despite the daily interaction humans have with standardized products or processes, rarelyis the

Conference Session

Embedded System Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sven Bilen, Pennsylvania State University; Okhtay Azarmanesh, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

AC 2010-1377: EXPERIENCES WITH STUDENT-DEVELOPEDSOFTWARE-DEFINED RADIOS IN THE SMART RADIO CHALLENGESven Bilen, Pennsylvania State University SVEN G. BILÉN is an Associate Professor of Engineering Design, Electrical Engineering, and Aerospace Engineering at Penn State and Interim Head of the School of Engineering Design, Technology, and Professional Programs. His research interests include software-defined radio and cognitive radio.Okhtay Azarmanesh, Pennsylvania State University OKHTAY AZARMANESH is a Ph.D. candidate in Electrical Engineering at Penn State. He received his B.Sc. in Electrical Engineering from Sharif University of Technology and his M.Sc. from Télécom Paris and SUPAERO

Conference Session

Systems Approach to Teaching ET

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

John Robertson

the use of math in anelectronics context, we have affiliations with several large aerospace companies andautomotive hot weather testing. Both groups seem to have very similar requirements formath skills and a wider review in the future should map and compare their requirements. Page 10.1467.3 Proceedings of the 2005 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2005, American Society for Engineering Education3. Process for data collectionWith a sound appreciation of workplace skills and competencies, the next step was toundertake a gap analysis to see how the outcome from the lower

Conference Session

Industrial Collaborations

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

John Robertson

Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2005, American Society for Engineering Educationas well as technical capabilities. It is significant that all the IAB members were able toreach consensus very quickly on the requirements. Interestingly, the outcomes wereremarkably similar to those defined by Wisler [3] for the aerospace industry.The requirements for graduate skills and capabilities fall into three categories: • Technical understanding and competency • Soft skills such as communication, team-working and business methods • How all skills are used and improvedWe set no priorities because the skills in all three categories must be used in concert if anindividual is to be effective. That

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Education I

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Daniel Davis

emotional element. A handful of profound learningexperiences requiring analysis and synthesis are vastly more lasting and important to studentsthan weeks spent skimming reams of superficial facts for memorization and recall.Translating these attributes of powerful, effective learning experiences into architectural termsrequires creativity and even a bit of humility on the part of the designer. But in early 2002, I hadan experience that led me to do some serious thinking about spaces designed for hands-on,exploratory learning. I happened to visit the new Aerospace Research Laboratory at theMassachusetts Institute of Technology, in Cambridge. What especially impressed me about thefacility were the studios where engineering students gather to build

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Daniel Davis

emotional element. A handful of profound learningexperiences requiring analysis and synthesis are vastly more lasting and important to studentsthan weeks spent skimming reams of superficial facts for memorization and recall.Translating these attributes of powerful, effective learning experiences into architectural termsrequires creativity and even a bit of humility on the part of the designer. But in early 2002, I hadan experience that led me to do some serious thinking about spaces designed for hands-on,exploratory learning. I happened to visit the new Aerospace Research Laboratory at theMassachusetts Institute of Technology, in Cambridge. What especially impressed me about thefacility were the studios where engineering students gather to build

Conference Session

Design Education

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Hong Zhang; John Chen; Bernard Pietrucha

Education Platform, Proceedings of 40th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, NV, Jan. 20025. Zhang H., J. Chen, E. Constans, and B. Pietrucha, CHAMP with Submarine – Attracting High School Students into Engineering, In proceedings of 2005 ASEE Annual Exhibition and Exposition, Portland, Oregon, 20056. Zhang, H., and J. Kadlowec, ROBOTS! – Freshman Clinic in Mechanical Engineering, In proceedings of ASEE 2002 Annual Conference, Montreal, Canada, June 2002Biographical InformationHONG ZHANG received his PhD from the University of Pennsylvania, where he studied robotics and control.He is currently an assistant professor in the department of Mechanical Engineering. Dr. Zhang’s researchinterests include control of under

Conference Session

Best Zone Paper Competition

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rashmi Jain, Stevens Institute of Technology; Keith Sheppard, Stevens Institute of Technology; Elisabeth McGrath, Stevens Institute of Technology; Bernard Gallois, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Council of Sections

, particularly associated with the design and management ofcomplex systems. Companies and agencies responsible for defense and aerospace systems have been aparticularly strong constituency in this regard. This led in 2001 to the creation of a graduate-levelprogram in Systems Design & Operational Effectiveness (SDOE) taught by a faculty with significantexperience and reputation in the field. The SDOE graduate program(http://www.stevens.edu/sse/academics/graduate/sdoe/ ) has been very well received and delivered inmodular form world-wide to industry and government agencies that are involved with complex systems.The program was initially a certificate program directed to practitioners and working professionals butthis has subsequently expanded to

Conference Session

Trends in Mechanical Engineering I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christine Valle, Georgia Institute of Technology; Wayne Whiteman, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Purdue University University of Michigan University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Page 15.289.4 Northwestern University University of California-Berkeley University of Florida Table 2. Georgia Tech Peer Institutions included in study with BS/MS ProgramsBecause we were unable to gather any information from the last institution in Table 2, theUniversity of Florida’s Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, the Iowa StateUniversity was chosen to replace it.A set of common questions were developed for