Conference Session

Early Engineering Design Experiences

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Douglas Oppliger, Michigan Technological University; Jean Kampe, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

and teachers to increase and enhance engineering content in K-12 education. In 2004 Mr. Oppliger was awarded the Distinguished Faculty Award for Service honoring this outreach work. Before coming to Michigan Tech, Mr. Oppliger taught math and science at the secondary level for 11 years. Before that, he worked for 5 years as a project engineer in the marine construction industry.Jean Kampe, Michigan Technological University Page 15.643.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2010 High School Enterprise: Introducing Engineering Design in a High School Team

Conference Session

The Best in DEED

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susannah Howe, Smith College; Laura Mae Rosenbauer, Smith College

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Australia and New Zealand to identify how capstone courses areimplemented outside the United States and what strategies can be shared across countries. As intheir United States counterpart, the 2015 Australia and New Zealand surveys includedquantitative, categorical, and open-ended questions on capstone course information, pedagogy,evaluation, faculty, students, projects and teams, expenses and funding, sponsors, and respondentexperience and opinion. This paper presents highlights of the resulting data by country, drawingcomparisons where possible across countries: Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.Overall, the essence of capstone design courses in the three countries is quite similar; there arevariations in implementation details, but

Conference Session

Capstone Design III

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Kasarda, Virginia Tech; Brenda Brand, Virginia Tech; Eugene Brown, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

and Dr. Mary Kasarda, a colleague in mechanical engineering, are conducting a study on factors influencing girls' participation in robotics engineering.Eugene Brown, Virginia Tech Eugene Brown is Professor of Mechanical Engineering. He is a computational fluid dynamicist with a special interest in computational nano-fluidics. His research is diverse and has ranged from the numerical simulation of fire extinction by water mist to the development of methods for predicting the performance of aircraft propulsion nozzles. For the past two years, he has been the technical advisor to the Virginia Demonstration Project, an ONR funded middle-school focused educational outreach project. His

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Eduaction - Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mysore Narayanan, Miami University; Ronald Earley, Miami University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

service-learningcourse must nevertheless be focused on career preparation of the college studentsas well. (Narayanan, 2004 e; Honnet & Poulsen, 1989). Furthermore it must be clearlyacceptable to the appropriate accreditation agencies. The Senior Design Project Class,which is a two semester-long course, with a total of four credit hours, can be viewed as aservice learning class, depending upon the project chosen by the select student group. Itcontains a substantial amount of education about ethics, ergonomics, economics,sociology and liberal education principles, in addition to rigorous engineering subjectmatter. The student groups are encouraged to appreciate the realities of the socio-economic impact of their chosen project. In many cases

Conference Session

Engineering Design in Pedagogy

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ibrahim F. Zeid, Northeastern University; Sagar V. Kamarthi, Northeastern University; Claire Duggan, Northeastern University; Jessica Chin, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education, K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

capstone design project course that is typically required in the ABET-accredited college engineering curriculum. Students are motivated by the capstone experiencebecause it shows the elegance of the EDP and relates to how engineering is used in practice todesign and manufacture products.In order to teach the EDP and capstone experience effectively, high school teachers mustexperience, learn and use the EDP themselves. Our methodology begins by educating theteachers about the capstone experience and how to incorporate it in their classroom instructionswhen they return to their schools. We continue to work with and monitor the teachers duringtheir teaching activities over one academic year.We have implemented the capstone experience in the first

Conference Session

Capstone Design I

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robb Larson, Montana State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

club-to-coursework relationship occurs inthe interdisciplinary (ME and MET) Capstone Design course. Club-sponsored automotivedesign and build projects are treated essentially as any other industry-sponsored project,with the twist that they are funded primarily by students who are primarily enrolled ineither the ME or MET curriculum. Many of the students fill dual roles: That is, they helpdefine the projects in their role as club members and are then enlisted by courseinstructors to design/build/test the components as members of the design teams working,resulting in a course grade. This scenario has resulted in a level of student involvement in– and enthusiasm for – the engineering education process that has rarely been seen beforeat this

Conference Session

Design in K-12 Education

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

James S. Mokri P.E., San Jose State University; Nicole Okamoto, San Jose State University; Sorin Ion Neagu, Independence High School

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #29222Implementation of a ”Near-Peer” Mentoring Program between a High SchoolTechnology Class and a University Senior Design Engineering ClassProf. James S. Mokri P.E., San Jose State University Mr. Mokri is an adjunct professor in the SJSU Mechanical Engineering Department, 2007 to present, and has taught Senior Design Project, Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Fundamentals, Solar Energy Engineer- ing, Thermal Engineering Lab, and advises post graduate students. He has consulted in these areas and encourages the students to appreciate the hands-on aspects of the engineering education. Mr. Mokri is applying knowledge gained

Conference Session

Capstone Design I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gene Dixon, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

engineering from Auburn University. He has authored several book chapters and articles on follower component of leadership and is active in research on the leadership processes. Page 25.610.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012 Capstone Project Problem StatementsFormulating a project problem statement can be a challenge for the capstone student. A reviewof capstone related literature indicates similar-not identical-approach to design that includevarious concepts of what is a problem statement, their development, evaluation and assessment.The literature focus is

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education (DEED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

. Page 23.941.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 On Teaching Capstone Design: The Role of Practitioners in the ClassroomAbstract: Teaching civil engineering design through senior projects or capstone design courses,with industry involvement and support, has increased in recent years. The general trend towardincreasing the design component in engineering curricula is part of an effort to better preparegraduates for engineering practice. While some design projects are still of the “made up” typecarried out by individual students, the vast majority of projects today deal with “real-worldproblems” and are usually conducted by student teams. The paper begins first

Conference Session

Design and the Capstone Experience

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shayne Kelly McConomy, Florida A&M University/Florida State University; Ruturaj Soman; Nikhil Gupta, Florida A&M University/Florida State University; Chiang Shih, Florida A&M University/Florida State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

over three semesters, as opposed to thecollege’s traditional two-semester curriculum. The integrated approach used collaborationbetween one semester of Engineering Design Methods (EDM) and two-semesters of the SeniorDesign Project (SDP). The integrated approach, modeled on the engineering design spine withroots in freshman courses, involved both the EDM and SDP cohorts. The interclass involvementincludes participation in design review presentations, senior-to-junior mentorship, and multiclassworkshops. Student feedback through periodic surveys and interviews provided insight into thestudents’ progress and learning outcomes. This paper reports on efforts that would help anintegrated Capstone Design curriculum succeed. The Department’s surveys

Conference Session

Design for Society and the Environment

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zesheng Chen, Florida International University; Erik Pazos, Florida International University; Darian Garcia, Florida International University; Dayron Garcia, Florida International University; Julio Duharte, Florida International University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Harvesting Control PanelAbstractReducing high energy consumption and costs is imperative and significant to our daily life. Inthis paper, we describe a capstone senior design project that develops an efficient energy-savingsolution. The solution is called the GreenLite system and consists of two components: a self-adjustable solar tracker panel and a light harvesting control panel.The solar tracker panel tends to maximize the absorption of solar power. Specifically, the solartracker panel can adjust itself automatically to the direction where the panel is directly facing theSun. To achieve this, the component employs photo-sensors to measure the irradiance of the Sunand to provide the feedback signal on the current position of the panel. The

Conference Session

DEED Potpourri

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Singli Garcia-Otero, Virginia State University; Ehsan Sheybani, Virginia State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

are formed, the early design stages, prototyping and test, oralpresentations, and conference attendance for the last two years. The students’ evaluationmethods and outcomes assessments are also presented. Finally, the problems and challenges inthe Senior Design course are discussed. Overall, this “new and improved” Senior Design coursehelps students to develop many skills which were not previously developed. As one example ofa successful student project, “Sense-o-matic Cane: Ungrounded Detection for the Blind” wonSecond Place in Technology and Engineering at the 2008 HBCU-UP National Researchconference.IntroductionThe Computer Engineering Program at the Virginia State University, a small Historically BlackColleges and Universities (HBCU), was

Conference Session

Professional Skills and Teaming in Design

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tehya Stockman, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Claire Elizabeth Kincaid, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Thomas Andrew Heale, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Steven Eric Meyer, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Alexandra Coso Strong, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

in authentic cross-disciplinary design projects. While guidance fromprofessors with industry experience and teaching techniques such as project-based and servicelearning are common approaches to supporting student preparation, there is continued need fordesign education to include a focus on the development of skills to support communicationacross disciplinary and team boundaries (e.g., shared language and clarity of narrative). Theseskills, which are frequently thought of as non-engineering work, are as critical to the completionof cross-disciplinary projects as skills associated with conventional engineering design work(i.e., design and technical practices). As a result, a multiple case study was designed to explorethe practices of

Conference Session

Design Tools and Skill Development

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Annie Abell, Ohio State University; Kelly DeVore, Columbus College of Art and Design

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #18607Embracing Ambiguity: A Framework for Promoting Iterative Design Think-ing Approaches in Engineering and Design CurriculaAnnie Abell, Ohio State University Annie Abell is an Assistant Professor of Practice at The Ohio State University in the Department of Me- chanical & Aerospace Engineering. Abell received her BS in Mechanical Engineering from Valparaiso University and a MFA in Design Research & Development from The Ohio State University with an em- phasis on Industrial Design. She teaches project-based, product design courses to senior-level and gradu- ate engineering students, as well as an

Conference Session

Design as a Social Process: Teams and Organizations

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carlye Anne Lauff, University of Colorado, Boulder; Daria A Kotys-Schwartz, University of Colorado Boulder; Kevin O'Connor, University of Colorado Boulder ; Mark Rentschler, University of Colorado at Boulder

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #13095Comparing Organizational Structures: Two Case Studies of Engineering Com-paniesCarlye Anne Lauff, University of Colorado, Boulder Carlye is a 2nd year PhD student in Mechanical Engineering with a concentration in Design. She is originally from Pittsburgh, PA and received her B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from the Pennsylvania State University. At the University of Colorado Boulder, she is advised by Dr. Mark Rentschler and co-advised by Dr. Daria Kotys-Schwartz. For the past two years, she has worked as a Graduate Research Assistant on the NSF-funded project entitled ”Cognitive Ethnographies of Engineering

Conference Session

Assessing Design Coursework I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeffrey Ringenberg, University of Michigan; Elliot Soloway, University of Michigan; David Chesney, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

is also affiliated with the University of Michigan Digital Library and the Center for Highly Interactive Computing in Education. His research interests include the use of technology in education and developing software that takes into consideration the unique needs of learners.David Chesney, University of Michigan David Chesney is a lecturer in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Michigan. His research interests include the incorporation of socially aware term projects into the engineering curriculum and K-12 outreach. Page 12.433.1

Conference Session

Communication in Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Schmidt, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Deborah Sharer, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Nabila (Nan) BouSaba, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Daniel Hoch, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; James Conrad, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Bruce Gehrig, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Steve Patterson, University of North Carolina, Charlotte

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

information control processes and procedures that are expected ofpracticing engineers. Work in an organization with global reach increases theimportance of real time document and information control and sensitivity to therequirements of a modern Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system shouldposition the students exiting the program to be more competitive in theworkplace. This work describes a simple but effective system of requireddocumentation, naming conventions, release structure and revision controls thatenable student teams to track documentation changes during the life of theircapstone project, along with the rationale for any implemented changes.Additionally, the students learn to keep secure, controlled document archives andto standardize

Conference Session

DEED Postcard Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Austin Talley P.E., Texas State University; C. Richard Compeau Jr, Texas State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

developed design based curriculum for multiple K-12 teach PDIs and student summer camps.Dr. C. Richard Compeau Jr, Texas State University C. Richard Compeau Jr. is a Professor of Practice in the Ingram School of Engineering, and the Electrical Engineering Program Coordinator. He is interested in teaching and curriculum development. His work is typically project-specific for the EE Capstone courses, with an emphasis on applied electromagnetics. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2018 Work in Progress: Senior Design Day: Multidiscipline and Multidepartment Capstone Presentation EventAbstractSenior Design or "Capstone" projects are one of the most important

Conference Session

DEED Postcard Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yu-Lun Huang, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University; Chao-Yang Cheng, Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

societies and industries, especially in the high-tech industries. The evolution of modern technologies (mobile devices, Internet of Things, cloudcomputing, etc.) keeps bringing in challenges in system engineering education. Hands-onpractices may not be sufficient enough to educate engineering students to face the unknownand fast-paced competitions. Imagination should also be considered as one of the keycapabilities for the students to develop in system engineering education. Reflecting on thechanges of technologies, Taiwan governmental authorities (e.g., Ministry of Education, MOEand Ministry of Science and Technology, MOST) financially support some projects to addressdemands, challenges, and trends of the new educational technologies

Conference Session

DEED Postcard Session 1

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jack William Giambalvo, Stevens Institute of Technology; Julia Kathryn Vance, Stevens Institute of Technology; Steven Hoffenson, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

productdevelopment: engineering design, design thinking, decision based design (DBD), systemsthinking, axiomatic design, vee model, value driven design (VDD), waterfall model, spiralmodel, agile, total quality management (TQM), theory of constraints (ToC), six sigma, and leanmanufacturing. Through this review, a number of criteria were identified to categorize anddistinguish the approaches, and each approach was then assessed according to the criteria to aidin comparison and evaluation of fit for any given project. Next, a decision support tool isproposed to help designers or project managers select the best methodology for their specificproblems. This decision-making aid takes in information about the nature of the potential projectand uses pre-defined

Conference Session

Design Assessment

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martina Margaret Moyne, University College Dublin; Maxwell Herman, Harvard University; Conor Walsh P.E., Harvard University; Donal Padraic Holland, University College Dublin

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Engineering at Harvard. He is the founder of the Harvard Biodesign Lab, which brings together re- searchers from the engineering, industrial design, medical and business communities to develop smart medical devices and translate them to industrial partners in collaboration with the Wyss Institute’s Ad- vanced Technology Team. Conor’s research projects focus on wearable robotics to assist the disabled and able-bodied, as well as on tools for minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment of disease. His ed- ucational interest is in the area of medical device innovation where he mentors student design teams on projects with clinicians in Boston and in emerging regions such as India. Conor received his B.A.I and B.A. degrees in

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel J. Magda, Weber State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

learning were implemented in a senior capstonedesign class where student learning is assessed. The capstone students are required to identify aneducational need within the mechanical engineering technology program. This need is discussedwith the faculty for the development of a hands-on laboratory instrument that will facilitatelearning in the program. The results from these discussions determine the design requirementsfor the capstone project. These capstone students must also learn the design process that hasmilestones with deliverables associated with a Gantt chart and work breakdown structure. Theymust also develop an instructional lab with a series of questions that helps reinforce the theorytaught in the classroom. And finally, they are

Conference Session

DEED Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nabila A. Bousaba, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; James M. Conrad, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Claude M. Hargrove, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Valentina Cecchi, University of North Carolina, Charlotte

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

. Conrad is a Senior Member of the IEEE and a Certified Project Management Pro- fessional (PMP). He is also a member of ASEE, Eta Kappa Nu, the Project Management Institute, and the IEEE Computer Society. He is the author of numerous books, book chapters, journal articles, and conference papers in the areas of robotics, parallel processing, artificial intelligence, and engineering education.Claude M Hargrove, University of North Carolina at Charlotte Dr. Claude Hargrove is a Faculty Associate for the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. He previously taught at North Carolina A&T State University from 2003 until 2010. He has served as Branch Counselor for

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Design in the Classroom

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rainer Seidel, The University of Auckland; Linda Haemmerle, Plume Ltd.; Chris Chambers, CPC Consulting Ltd.

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

AC 2007-1573: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY DESIGN EDUCATION APPROACH FORSUPPORTING ENGINEERING PRODUCT INNOVATIONRainer Seidel, The University of Auckland Rainer Seidel (Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing., Ind.Eng., PhD) works in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Auckland, New Zealand. His main research, teaching and consulting activities are in the areas of technology management and strategic business innovation in SMEs, productivity improvement in manufacturing, new product development, and engineering education. He is currently the Project Director of the multi-disciplinary R&D project ‘High Technology Design for Engineering Product Innovation’ funded by the New Zealand

Conference Session

Design Methods and Concepts

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

S. Balachandran, University of Wisconsin-Platteville

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

and missiles from the Indian Institute of Science, India in 1970. He worked as Project Engineer at the Indian Space Research Organization, India from 1970 to 1974 and worked at Va. Tech. as Research Assistant, Instructor and Asst. Prof. from 1975 to 1985. He received Ph.D. degree in I.E. & O.R. from Va. Tech. in 1984. He worked as Assoc. Prof., Professor and Chairman of Industrial Engineering at UW - Platteville from 1985 to 1994. He worked as a manufacturing engineering consultant at John Deere Dubuque Works, Dubuque, IA from 1996 to 2001, developed simulation models to design manufacturing systems, and provided more than 6000hours of assistance in ergonomics, quality engineering

Conference Session

Design Across Curriculum 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Christopher Rennick, University of Waterloo; Carol Hulls P.Eng., University of Waterloo; Andrew Gryguć, University of Waterloo

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

of Waterloo. He has over a decade of experience in the field of solid mechanics, structural analysis and finite element modelling. Furthermore, he has had an integral role in a half decade long project developing the processing technique, and characterizing the structure-properties relationship in the forging of magnesium alloys for fatigue critical components. His research interests include, fatigue and fracture, cyclic plasticity modelling, and energy based damage models for a variety of different ma- terials. Furthermore, him and his group have been pioneers in the understanding of the process-structure- property-performance relationship for forging of HCP materials, in particular, Mg alloys. He has been

Conference Session

1st and 2nd Year Instruction in Design

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ruturaj Soman, Florida A&M University/Florida State University ; Nikhil Gupta, Florida State University; Chiang Shih, Florida A&M University/Florida State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

the modern engineering world, traditional in-class teachingmethods may need to be modified to adequately prepare students to be competent in today’sindustry. Therefore, there is an increased emphasis in providing design experience throughintegrated project-based learning throughout the engineering curriculum. In this paper, we willpresent our recent efforts at the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the Florida Agriculturaland Mechanical University-Florida State University College of Engineering (FAMU-FSU COE)to develop a coordinated and integrated three-semester course sequence to the capstone experience.The broad aim is to introduce the overall design process through project planning, management,and product development with an emphasis

Conference Session

Assessing Design Coursework

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Bannerot, University of Houston

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

design class can more subjective than mostengineering students (and sometimes faculty) are comfortable with. Students, and facultyalike, may be more comfortable with a more quantitative grading scheme. Such anapproach has been developed for use in an introductory design class in which the processof design is emphasized over the product of design. This paper presents the summarizedversions of the assignments in the class offered in the fall of 2007 and completed by 68students. Twenty-five per cent of the course grade was determined from teamperformances on a two-month long, design, fabricate and test project. Seventy per centof the team project grade was based on quantifiable components such as test results andreporting requirements leaving only

Conference Session

Capstone Design III

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Chang, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Jessica Townsend, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

ExperienceAbstractThis paper presents some of the challenges, successes, and experiences in designing a new seniorengineering capstone program at the Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering. Senior capstonedesign programs in engineering colleges have evolved over many years and are often modifiedand reinvented to keep up with the needs of both students and external constituencies. HarveyMudd College’s Clinic program is one of the largest and longest-running capstone programs inthe country that relies heavily on industry sponsors to provide real world problems and fundingto execute the projects. For many reasons, and in no small way because of its track record ofsuccess, our own capstone course offering is modeled closely upon the Harvey Mudd

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

more educators are becoming aware of the issues of design, and steps arebeing taken world wide to address the concerns of industry at large. One approach has been toform “symbiotic” partnership between industry and academia through senior capstone projects. Page 24.948.2The capstone course has evolved over the years from “made up” projects devised by faculty toindustry-sponsored projects where companies provide “real” problems, along with expertise andfinancial support. In fact, design courses, in general, have emerged as a means for students to beexposed to some flavor of what engineers actually do; and also, could learn the basic elements