Performance Evaluation of Spectrum Sensing Implementation using Energy Detection Method

Bernice Hoedzoade

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Conference: 2022 ASEE Gulf Southwest Annual Conference
Location: Prairie View, Texas
Publication Date: March 16, 2022
Start Date: March 16, 2022
End Date: March 18, 2022
Page Count: 9
DOI: 10.18260/1-2--39195
Permanent URL: https://peer.asee.org/39195
Download Count: 329

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Bernice Hoedzoade Prairie View A&M University

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Abstract

ABSTRACT

Performance Evaluation of Spectrum Sensing Implementation using Energy Detection Method

Bernice Hoedzoade and Cajetan M. Akujuobi Center of Excellence for Communication Systems Technology Research (CECSTR), Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, Prairie View A&M University Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) are emerging as a promising solution to address the spectrum shortage problem. Cognitive radio Network is a radio that senses the spectral environment over a wide frequency band and can temporarily use it in a way that causes no harm or interference to the primary user (PU). In a cognitive system, however, one challenging issue is the spectrum sensing operation (SS). Finding a way out of this challenge should go a long way to mitigate the artificial spectrum shortage problem, academia, the wireless industry, regulators, and many other areas. In this paper, we will discuss the implementation of the spectrum sensing operation using a real signal generated by Raspberry Pi4 card and a 433 MHz Wireless transmitter (ASK (Amplitude-Shift Keying) and FSK (Frequency-Shift Keying) modulation type), and captured using MATLAB-Simulink software. In addition, we implement an RTL- SDR hardware using the energy detection technique. The electromagnetic radio spectrum is a limited natural resource that is very important in establishing wireless communication between transmitters and receivers. Local governments in every country across the globe can provide spectrum licenses for service providers. Radio spectrum allocation is categorized as either licensed or unlicensed. Under the unlicensed band, there is less or no restriction to what frequency it can use while in the licensed band, frequency is only used and transmitted in the allocated band. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) according to a study conducted has shown that during the rush hours, some frequency bands are overloaded. Yet, the use of frequency spectrum is not uniform; some frequencies in the spectrum according to the hours of the day and to the geographical position are not occupied or partially occupied while others are heavily used. The activity is concentrated on cellular radio and FM (Frequency Modulation) bands. The term spectrum holes are given to the unused frequencies, it is a region of spatiotemporal frequencies allocated to a licensed user also known as the primary users’ ‘PU’, but at a particular time and specific geographic location the band is not being used by the PU, secondary and unique use is possible. As the demand of frequency spectrum becomes more and more, the FCC suggests a substantial increase in the efficiency of the spectral resource. The cognitive radio (CR) is an intelligent device that can sense the spectrum holes, making it available for unlicensed users (secondary user) opportunistically and dynamically. The SUs can take advantage of these spectral holes without causing little or no harmful interference to PUs. In this paper, we will evaluate the performance of the spectrum Sensing Implementation using the commonly used method known as the Energy Detection (ED) method

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Hoedzoade, B. (2022, March), Performance Evaluation of Spectrum Sensing Implementation using Energy Detection Method Paper presented at 2022 ASEE Gulf Southwest Annual Conference, Prairie View, Texas. 10.18260/1-2--39195

TY - CPAPER
AB - ABSTRACT

Performance Evaluation of Spectrum Sensing Implementation using Energy Detection Method

Bernice Hoedzoade and Cajetan M. Akujuobi
Center of Excellence for Communication Systems Technology Research (CECSTR),
Electrical &amp;amp; Computer Engineering Department, Prairie View A&amp;amp;M University
Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) are emerging as a promising solution to address the spectrum shortage problem. Cognitive radio Network is a radio that senses the spectral environment over a wide frequency band and can temporarily use it in a way that causes no harm or interference to the primary user (PU). In a cognitive system, however, one challenging issue is the spectrum sensing operation (SS). Finding a way out of this challenge should go a long way to mitigate the artificial spectrum shortage problem, academia, the wireless industry, regulators, and many other areas.
In this paper, we will discuss the implementation of the spectrum sensing operation using a real signal generated by Raspberry Pi4 card and a 433 MHz Wireless transmitter (ASK (Amplitude-Shift Keying) and FSK (Frequency-Shift Keying) modulation type), and captured using MATLAB-Simulink software. In addition, we implement an RTL- SDR hardware using the energy detection technique.
The electromagnetic radio spectrum is a limited natural resource that is very important in establishing wireless communication between transmitters and receivers. Local governments in every country across the globe can provide spectrum licenses for service providers. Radio spectrum allocation is categorized as either licensed or unlicensed. Under the unlicensed band, there is less or no restriction to what frequency it can use while in the licensed band, frequency is only used and transmitted in the allocated band. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) according to a study conducted has shown that during the rush hours, some frequency bands are overloaded. Yet, the use of frequency spectrum is not uniform; some frequencies in the spectrum according to the hours of the day and to the geographical position are not occupied or partially occupied while others are heavily used. The activity is concentrated on cellular radio and FM (Frequency Modulation) bands.
The term spectrum holes are given to the unused frequencies, it is a region of spatiotemporal frequencies allocated to a licensed user also known as the primary users’ ‘PU’, but at a particular time and specific geographic location the band is not being used by the PU, secondary and unique use is possible. As the demand of frequency spectrum becomes more and more, the FCC suggests a substantial increase in the efficiency of the spectral resource. The cognitive radio (CR) is an intelligent device that can sense the spectrum holes, making it available for unlicensed users (secondary user) opportunistically and dynamically. The SUs can take advantage of these spectral holes without causing little or no harmful interference to PUs.
In this paper, we will evaluate the performance of the spectrum Sensing Implementation using the commonly used method known as the Energy Detection (ED) method

AU - Bernice Hoedzoade
CY - Prairie View, Texas
DA - 2022/03/16
PB - ASEE Conferences
TI - Performance Evaluation of Spectrum Sensing Implementation using Energy Detection Method
UR - https://peer.asee.org/39195
DO - 10.18260/1-2--39195
ER -