indicateshigher levels of teaching self-efficacy and outcome expectancy.A set of four questions was designed to test participants’ knowledge of computer science beforeand after attending the PD training as well as their awareness of WySLICE’s computer sciencestandards. Participants’ pre- and post- survey responses to one of the four questions wereanalyzed - namely, ”Which of the following best describes Computer Science?”Differences in self-efficacy and outcome expectancy pre- and post-PD training were determinedby analyzing the results of a paired samples t-test comparing participants’ pre- and post- surveyscores for the 21 of 24 participants completing both the pre and post survey - the three of the 24participants who did not complete the post-survey
. Plak, “College students’ motivation and study results after COVID-19 stay-at-home orders,” preprint, PsyArXiv, Oct. 2020.[11] T. Gonzalez, M. A. de la Rubia, K. P. Hincz, M. Comas-Lopez, L. Subirats, S. Fort, and G. M. Sacha, “Influence of COVID-19 confinement on students’ performance in higher education,” PLoS ONE, vol. 15, p. e0239490, Oct. 2020.[12] P. R. Pintrich, D. A. F. Smith, T. Garcia, and W. J. Mckeachie, “Reliability and Predictive Validity of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ),” Educational and Psychological Measurement, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 801–813, 1993.[13] M. Ford, H. Ritz, and E. Fisher, “Motivation, Self-efficacy, and Student Engagement in Intermediate Mechanical Engineering
, assessment of the HPAT model utilizes admission data (highschool GPA, Math and English placement, and student demographics), transfer GPA, time todegree completion, and graduation rate for determining longitudinal outcomes. These metricsprovide a relatively simple, and more comprehensive, set of leading indicators of longitudinalsuccess that can be measured for each student cohort and compared year-to-year.2.3.2. Qualitative AssessmentThe quality of the program will also be assessed. All students admitted to the HPAT model areexpected to respond to an online survey that addresses belonging and self-efficacy. AppreciativeInquiry [19] will be used for Case Study interviews to continuously improve the model. Studentsare randomly selected for Case Study
]. Acquiring studentinformation that addresses student willingness to pursue STEM as a career preference was difficultdue to teacher error in reporting long-term student information or students not responding to specifiedquestions [10].Addressing the GapAt the time of this study, RET program evaluation measures tend to focus on the growth anddevelopment of teacher self-efficacy, engineering content knowledge gains, or classroomimplementation of developed curriculum materials and students' attitudes toward STEM. To provide abetter understanding of RET programs' impact on students, data are needed to show the long-termimpact of PjBL RETs on student graduation rates and STEM undergraduate major selection rates. Thestudy sought to inform RET program
providing access and instruction on these tools,students can create rapid prototypes, explore design, and develop various technical and softskills. Lagoudas et al. found students developed increased confidence in their engineeringknowledge through practical experience, prototyping and consistent iteration of their designs [7].More specific makerspace research has found students can develop increased technology self-efficacy, an innovation orientation, design self-efficacy, and increased sense of belonging [8].Outside of education, makerspaces are often viewed as physical spaces that encourageentrepreneurship due to their ability to facilitate user-based innovation, dense and diversenetworks, and prototyping [9].An overlap can easily be seen between
slights or conscious insultstargeting people with marginalized identities that leave the victim unable to or unsure of how torespond [9]. Over time, the seemingly small and inconsequential behaviors are likely to impactvictims’ self-esteem, self-efficacy and academic performance. The current study assessed Latinx engineering undergraduates’ experiences withmicroaggressions in an engineering education setting guided by Critical Race Theory (CRT).This theory explains how difficult it is to eradicate normalized racism in the U.S., which thenimpacts the outcomes of URMs across domains, and that the intersectionality of race and othermarginalized identities alter the ways in which racism is carried out, suggesting that the racistexperiences of
in year 1 but still less than the MS response (inJanuary) of 85% (data not shown). Compared to HS students, MS students exhibited greaterfeelings of self-efficacy about their ability to contribute toward solving issues related to energyand the environment, although the HS response went up between years 1 and 2 (data not shown).These findings are consistent with our earlier studies looking at energy-related attitudes andbehaviors, where MS students had more positive energy-related behaviors and greater feelings ofenergy-related self-efficacy than HS students [28]. The link between self-efficacy and behavioris consistent with the work of Bandura et al. [29] who provided empirical evidence that people’sbehavior is strongly influenced by the
variablesthat influence an individual’s career behaviors [17–20]. Derived from Bandura’s general socialcognitive theory [29], self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and personal goals are central facets ofthe framework, and are considered foundational aspects for career development [19]. Applying abidirectional causality model, personal attributes (including physical characteristics and affectivestates), actions, and external environment factors describe the influences that shape choices.An overview of SCCT as it pertains to computing careers and preparation is shown in Figure 1,adapted from a combination of Lent et al. [17] and other STEM-specific researchers [30, 31].Achieving mastery of skills (performance and accomplishment), social persuasion
measured whether the event affected their STEM self-efficacy, sense of belonging, andcareer goals, among other things. Another event funded by this partnership with SWE isscheduled to take place in Fall 2021, which will lead to additional data collection and analysis.Challenges and Lessons LearnedPVWIS is a promising approach to improving access for community college women in STEM.By showcasing the stories of women “like them”; connecting them directly to employers,mentors, and other students; and giving them a space in which to be recognized and elevated inthe STEM community, PVWIS addresses often ignored obstacles for community college womenin STEM.PVWIS is likely to positively impact other students, too. It is a common belief in the world
and qualitative data were collected throughout the sessions (N=90) to measure impact.Participants were administered pre- and post-questionnaires at every session. The set of pre- and post-questionswere exactly the same and used to assess participants’ engineering knowledge and interest. At the end of theAcademy, participants were sent via an email a post-experience survey to evaluate their engineering self-efficacy related to their interest in engineering majors and careers and their comprehension of engineeringconcepts explained during the Academy. The survey was created and validated by engineering faculty.Pre and post multiple-choice questions administered throughout the Academy included: 1. What does the term ‘dimensions’ mean when
additional courses [18], [19]. Interest and success build self-efficacy, an expectancy belief, that is defined as “beliefs in one’s capabilities to organize andexecute the courses of action required to produce given attainments'' [20]. Self-efficacy has beenshown to be one of the strongest predictors of academic achievement for undergraduates [21]. MethodologyThis study employed a causal-comparative, single group research design. A purposeful sample of281 participants taking the first semester general chemistry laboratory course for engineers wereconsented as participants. Demographics were determined based upon an initial survey whereparticipants indicated their major, gender identity and ethnicity. URM
only so much you can do with these circumstances. And I guess I [sic]giving office hours is the best they can do.” In retrospect, the majority of students indicated thatthey would have spent more time preparing and organizing resources if they had known such atransition would take place. This fact highlights how underprepared many of the students were inthe skills needed to be successful in online learning. Students have spent years developinglearning and study skills in mostly in-person environments. When forced to transition to onlinelearning, students may have lacked the confidence or self-efficacy to take charge of their ownlearning and seek out resources to better their learning either through office hours, friend orstudy groups, or
interdisciplinarityand medical school plans (p = 0.078).Potential Theoretical Frameworks and Relevancy to Work-in-Progress Two frameworks are being considered for the proposed multi-institutional study. We areseeking feedback from the ASEE community on the utility of these frameworks and constructs inexploring the relationships between BME student motivation, expectations, perceptions, andcareer beliefs/goals. Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) [7]–[9] is a popular theoretical framework usedwhen studying engineering students’ choice of major [10]–[12], career goals [4], [12], [13], andeven perception of the engineering profession [14]. The SCCT model of choice explores therelationships between self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and interest
, student self-assessments are used to gauge self-efficacy and quizzes are used to assess competency. What isinnovative about the approach is the automation of the process for students and faculty. Studentscomplete a worksheet online and receive a copy of their responses by email with the option togenerate a PDF version of their responses. Subsequently, the student submits the PDF version toBrightspace for review by the instructor. After submitting the worksheet, students complete aself-assessment survey to assess student’s self-efficacy with content covered in class andreinforced in the worksheet. Worksheets coupled with self-assessments provide insight onstudent’s data visualization capacity levels.The goals of the worksheets are to enable
improvingthe course delivery. IRB-approved incentives such as extra credit or a gift card raffle could beoffered to increase the number of survey responses. Student ratings of self-efficacy, perceived labauthenticity, and personal interest compared to performance could offer valuable insights for futureclasses. Assessing student’s ability to perform hands-on experiments is particularly challengingfor online students, who were only assessed based on their conceptual knowledge. For futureclasses, it could be useful to compare the data between the written exams scores of online studentsand in-person students. The results of this work can be used to adopt similar at home instructionallab models at other institutions as well as guide the implementation of
. SNA allows students to examine how they participate in an informalatmosphere by equal participation [4]. Bruun et al. explored how self-reported studentinteractions can be viewed as meaning-making processes and use this to understand howquantitative measures that describe the position in a network, called centrality measures, can beunderstood in terms of the interactions that occur in the context of a university physics course[5]. Applying social network analysis (SNA) to measure student experiences, Dou et al. found acorrelation between the role of the students in their social network classroom and enhancedproduction of self-efficacy [6].Social media has been an immense influencer for making decisions nowadays [7], [8]. People arenot only
workshops were designed to help students think more creatively in their class projectsand practice a growth mindset [14] through short exercises demonstrating cognitive biases,barriers, and traps that prevent people from finding creative, novel solutions to problems.Thereby, we hope that students would be less likely to fall into these traps. According to a recentstudy by Burnette et al. [15], students in a growth mindset intervention, relative to the control,reported greater entrepreneurial self-efficacy and task persistence on their main class project andimprovement in their academic and career interests. Reducing the negative effect of the cognitivebiases, barriers and traps requires deliberate and repeated practice of CPS techniques. Althoughwe
outcomes to the youth and staff related to the mentoring relationships. TheFramework helps practitioners assess mentoring programs and find areas for programdevelopment.Mentoring in Engineering OutreachIn university outreach activities, mentoring has been employed to attract a wider diversity ofstudents to the engineering and science fields [8] - [10] and improve mentors' professional skills,such as leadership and teamwork [11] - [13]. The research involves a breadth of approaches toassessing programs, like Bandura’s self-efficacy model [12], [14], [15], Bloom’s taxonomy [16],and engineering competence development [15], to name a few.ObjectivesThis research seeks to find opportunities in virtual engineering outreach programs wherementoring can
they engaged students in multiday engineering designchallenges. But the authors concede the instrument is time consuming to implement and thuspossibly limited in scalability. Webb and LoFaro [10] reported on a dedicated STEAM methods course designed totarget the development of preservice elementary teachers’ sense of self-efficacy for teachingengineering. Measurements of teacher self-efficacy were made using a modified version of theTeacher Sense of Self-Efficacy survey developed by Tschannen-Moran and Hoy [11]. Theyreported positive shifts in efficacy for student engagement, instructional strategies, andclassroom management. Such dedicated courses are not yet common in elementary teacherpreparation courses but hold significant
institutionalizationdecisions, providing a practical model for other institutions, and supporting future programmodification to provide the best possible experience for students. Since cohort 1 studentsreceived ACCESS scholarships for the first time in fall 2020, however, data is not yet available.Analysis of measures of student success and persistence, self-efficacy, and motivation within thecybersecurity field will be topics of future papers.6.0 ChallengesWhile the restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic presented challenges related torecruitment and programming activities, the ACCESS project team quickly adapted to the newreality and organized online meetings, an award ceremony, panels and seminars, and created anonline private group to support effective
future work in assessing teacher confidence inteaching soft robotics and engineering design as well as the impacts of teacher-delivered softrobotics curricula on students. Future measures may include teacher self-efficacy, studenttinkering self-efficacy, and STEM identity as methods to probe the impact of the curriculum onteachers, students, and classrooms either in person or virtually.AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (award # N000141912386), NationalScience Foundation (award #1830896) and the Tata Trusts through The Lakshmi Mittal andFamily South Asia Institute.References 1. G. Potvin et al., “Gendered interests in electrical, computer, and biomedical engineering: intersections with career outcome
certificate and degree programs, four-year engineering transfer programs, workforce development programs, and industry.2.2 Theoretical FrameworksTo better understand the career orientations of ET students, two leading career developmenttheories have been used to guide this study, Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) andSchein’s Career Anchors Theory.2.2.2 Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT)Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) is a theory which links students’ attitudes, interests,experiences, self-efficacy beliefs, outcome expectations, and personal goals to educational andcareer decisions and outcomes [9]. SCCT aims to “understand the processes through whichpeople form interests, make choices, and achieve varying levels of success in educational
• Agreeableness • NeuroticismOpenness refers to introspection, intellectual curiosity, willingness to entertain novel ideas, andimagination. Conscientiousness refers to being purposeful, being strong-willed, determination,accomplishment, self-efficacy, and reliability. Extraversion refers to being social, a preferencefor large groups, being talkative, being active, and assertion. Agreeableness refers to beingaltruistic, being empathetic towards others, a willingness to assist others, and an assumption thatothers will be helpful in turn. Neuroticism refers to a tendency to experience negative affectssuch as embarrassment, guilt, and anxiety. Each of the five traits in the FFM is represented as ascaled dimension such that a person could have any level
,understanding engineering, self-efficacy, and hands-on activities/structure and virtual format. Toincrease validity in the coding, multiple researcher triangulation was conducted. The statementsset forth in Table 1 below are representative responses of students to each of the emergingthemes. Representation "I enjoyed hearing about different engineers and black and women excellence.” “It was an amazing experience to meet so many women from all different backgrounds who are so successful.” “I really liked when the women from [manufacturing company] came and spoke to us about what they did. And, when the women came and spoke her computer science journey.” “My favorite part was hearing from the speakers and their wisdom. It opened job opportunities that I
how they impact their career development.Cadenas, Cantú, Poder Evaluate program Underrepresented Social Cognitive Quantitative A program designed with aLynn, Spence & effectiveness in community college Career Theory*, curriculum that is culturallyRuth (2020) entrepreneurial students Critical responsive does promote career self- efficacy Consciousness*, development and entrepreneurial
, June 18-21, 2006, ASEE Conferences, 2006. pp. 11.1451.1 - 11.1451.7.[2] P. M. Leggett-Robinson, N. Davis, and B. Villa, "Cultivating STEM Identity and Belongingthrough Civic Engagement: Increasing Student Success (Self-efficacy and Persistence) for theTwo-Year College STEM Student," Science Education and Civic Engagement, vol. 10, no. 1,Winter 2018. [Online]. Available:https://new.seceij.net/articletype/projectreport/cultivatingstemidentityandbelonging/. [AccessedFeb. 28, 2021].[3] Chen, X., and M. Soldner (2013). STEM Attrition: College Students’ Paths Into and Out of STEMFields. National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education[4] LaForce, Melanie; Noble, Elizabeth; Blackwell, Courtney. 2017. "Problem-Based Learning (PBL
role models in educationsettings, including Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1977), Expectancy Value Theory (Eccles& Wigfield, 2002), and the Stereotype Inoculation Model (Dasgupta, 2011). Social CognitiveTheory places emphasis on self-efficacy, people’s beliefs on what they themselves can do. Indeveloping their self-efficacy, learners can adjust their own efficacy in numerous ways such asobserving the outcomes of others’ actions, particularly if the model is perceived as being similar(Cook & Artino, 2016). Expectancy Value Theory (EVT) examines the expectation of successand perceived value of accomplishing the task (Cook & Artino, 2016). The expectancy ofsuccess is shaped by motivational beliefs. Role models represent who can be
aligned with their STEM career). PIC is a core concept ofidentity research, emphasizing that when individuals perceive a close connection between theirself-concept and their career goals, they are more likely to maintain motivation, interest andpersist in that domain, even when they experience difficulty [22]. Further, the data suggest thatPIC leads to higher sense of belonging to the University and it’s members. Kim, London andcolleagues also demonstrate that interest in a STEM career and sense of belonging in one’sUniversity both predicted STEM self-efficacy among students (confidence in one’s ability tomanage STEM academic tasks). STEM self-efficacy in turn predicted higher STEM achievementin classes through students’ second year of college
real-world problems. When students work on real-world problems,they are more motivated because real-world problems usually have proximal and tangible goalswhich often lead to higher self-efficacy and control among students. The pedagogy in this courseachieved the goal because the real-life-based design project and related activities were implicatedin personally meaningful tasks.On the other hand, students were not highly motivated by being able to connect information fromdisparate contexts and make reflective judgments through critical thinking. Nowadays, engineersare required to be flexible and creative with a good understanding of human-centered design andan ability to work in multidisciplinary contexts. In school, design and other
is likelyhighly dependent on the foundation they have brought to the course. More general academicskills and attributes such as motivation, self-regulation, self-efficacy, sense of belonging andmindset also influence how students engage with the course.Existing research demonstrates the importance of math and physics preparation to studentsuccess in mechanics [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. Problem solving skill is also clearly an importantcomponent to success [5]. The correlation of spatial abilities to broader measures of success andretention for engineering majors in general is well-established [6]. However, existing studiesexploring the importance of spatial abilities to success in mechanics courses find mixed results.Many fundamental concepts