Conference Session

Preparing Engineers for the Global Workplace

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alan Parkinson, Brigham Young University; John Harb, Brigham Young University; Spencer Magleby, Brigham Young University; Chelita Pate, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

International

culture via aLearning project that connects technology with the abroad society. There has also been growing interest in programs such as Engineers Without Borders, which provide service learning via humanitarian projectsInternational Design/Capstone International experiences are integrated with departmental seniorProjects design/capstone programs. In this model groups of students are assigned projects that have international content.Research Abroad Students travel to an abroad laboratory and conduct research under the guidance of a faculty member or post

Conference Session

New Trends in ECE Education II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aleksandr Panchul, UTSA; David Akopian, UTSA

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

, in 1997, in electrical engineering. He is currently an Assistant Professor at the University of Texas at San Antonio. From 1999 to 2003 he was with Nokia Corporation. Prior to joining Nokia in 1999 he was a member of teaching and research staff of TUT and a research scientist with the Institute of Informatics and Automatization, Yerevan, Armenia. His current research interests include digital signal processing algorithms for communication receivers, dedicated hardware architectures, positioning methods, and wireless applications. Page 13.428.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008

Conference Session

K-12 Engineering Outreach Programs

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Slater, Wright State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

be desirable to have a quantitative measure of event educational impact, thecurrent level of resources dedicated to the event precludes such a study. Evidence collected isqualitative, localized and anecdotal. because education takes place in the high schools, and thereis no current direct interaction with students or engineering education of the teachers, the degreeand areas of learning vary widely from school to school and teacher to teacher. This is good onthe on hand because it provides maximum flexibility to the teachers for incorporation of conceptsinto their classes as time permits and other teaching requirements allow. On the other hand, theunder-education of teachers in engineering concepts leads to mixed results, especially when

Conference Session

Mentoring

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Canan Bilen-Green, North Dakota State University; Anakaorn Khan, North Dakota State University; David Wells, North Dakota State University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Engineering from Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York (2001).David Wells, North Dakota State University David L. Wells has been Professor of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering at North Dakota State University since January 2000. He teaches undergraduate and graduate courses in process engineering and production engineering systems design for conventional manufacturing, electronics assembly and micro-manufacturing. His active research lies in micro-assembly, micro-machining, micro-net-shape processing, PCB process engineering, printed electronics, applications of RFID technologies, quantitative manufacturing management and manufacturing engineering pedagogy. He is active in SME, ASEE

Conference Session

Emerging Issues in Engineering Education Research and Pedagogy

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan Walden, University of Oklahoma; Cindy Foor, University of Oklahoma; Deborah Trytten, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Assessment of Engineering Education," Journal of Engineering Education Vol. 93, No. 1, 2004, pp. 65-72.[14] Malone, K.R., W.C. Newstetter, and G. Barabino, "Special session - valuing diversity as it happens: exploring laboratory interactions where more is going on than science," 36th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, San Diego, CA, 2006.[15] Olds, B.M., B.M. Moskal, and R.L. Miller, "Assessment in Engineering Education: Evolution, Approaches and Future Collaborations," Journal of Engineering Education Vol. 94, No. 1, 2005, pp. 13-25.[16] Prince, M.J., R.M. Felder, and R. Brent, "Does faculty research improve undergraduate teaching? An analysis of existing and potential synergies," Journal of Engineering

Conference Session

Continuous Improvement & Assessment of ET Programs

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nasser Alaraje, Michigan Technological University; Guy Hembroff, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

achievement levels. However, the results of theassessment tools identified areas which might benefit from improvement. Based on thisassessment, recommendations are made for the purpose of continuous improvement. This paperprovides information on the Program Outcomes assessment process issues and challenges and willbe of benefit to engineering technology programs seeking accreditation or re-accreditation.1. IntroductionThe curriculum of the Electrical Engineering Technology program covers a broad basededucational experience that emphasizes practical, hands-on laboratory work, closely coordinatedwith theoretical classroom discussion. Students receive a solid foundation of coursework inelectric circuits, digital electronics, solid-state electronics

Conference Session

Capstone Design I

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robb Larson, Montana State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

AC 2008-1391: A SNAPSHOT OF SUCCESS – HOW STUDENT-INITIATEDAUTOMOTIVE DESIGN BECAME INTEGRATED INTO THE ME AND METCURRICULARobb Larson, Montana State University Robb Larson is an Assistant Professor of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at Montana State University in Bozeman, MT. He presently teaches Capstone Design, Engineering Instrumentation, and various computer applications courses. Research areas include snow and avalanche research, alternative energy, and transportation systems. He is the faculty advisor of MSU's student SAE Chapter, the MSU Hockey Club, and the MSU Flyfishing Club. Page

Conference Session

Computer Applications in Energy Courses

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Idowu, Pennsylvania State University-Harrisburg

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

AC 2008-1445: INTERACTIVE ENERGY COURSEWAREPeter Idowu, Pennsylvania State University-Harrisburg Page 13.780.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Interactive Energy CoursewareAbstractInnovative methods for teaching engineering concepts are receiving broader attention in avariety of contexts. This is in keeping with the perception that improvements is contentdelivery tools and techniques would further sustain students’ interests in the varioustopics, as well as enhance comprehension or understanding of difficult topics. This paperpresents four interactive learning tools that were developed by students in the energysystems and conversion course – (1

Conference Session

New Trends in ECE Education I

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Baker, Texas Tech University; Brian Nutter, Texas Tech University; Mohammed Saed, Texas Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Laboratory (see subject’s wrist)Student Questionnaire Responses The students who participated in the program were given a short questionnaire atthe beginning of the program to assess their level of education and experience and todetermine their reasons for participating in the program. Of the seven students whoattended high school in the US and did not have any engineering courses at Texas Tech,four had completed calculus in high school, two were on track to complete calculus intheir senior year, one completed pre-calculus, and three had some experience inprogramming C++. When asked what attracted them to engineering, students typically Page

Conference Session

Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma in Manufacturing Education 1

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alan Leduc, Ball State University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

AC 2008-1460: SIX SIGMA: DOES IT BELONG IN THE MANUFACTURINGCURRICULUM?Alan Leduc, Ball State University Alan Leduc is an Associate Professor, in the Manufacturing Engineering Technology program at Ball State University and the creator and advisor for the Minor in Process Improvement which focuses on Six Sigma training and will provide students and opportunity to earn a Six Sigma Black Belt certification prior to graduation. In addition to 19 years of teaching experience Alan has 25 years of experience prior experience in industry in the areas of manufacturing, quality, and engineering, ending his industrial career as a Vice President and General Manager. Alan has an M.B.A., M.S

Conference Session

FPD5 - Teaming and Peer Performance

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claribel Bonilla, University of San Diego; Leonard Perry, University of San Diego

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Graduates and Their Impact on Curriculum Design," J. Engr. Ed., 82(4), Oct 1993 4. R. A. Guzzo and M. W. Dickson, "Teams in organizations: recent research on performance and effectiveness," Annual Review of Psychology, vol. 47, pp. 307, 1996. 5. J. R. Katzenbach and D. K. Smith, The Wisdom of Teams: Creating the High Performance Organization. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1993. 6. J. S. Byrd and J. L. Hudgkins, "Teaming in the design laboratory," Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 84, pp. 335, 1995. 7. E. Seat and S. M. Lord, "Enabling effective engineering teams: a program for teaching interaction skills," Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 88, pp. 385, 1999. 8. Personal Strength

Conference Session

Foster Excellence

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Goang-Shin Liaw, Alabama A&M University; Pabitra Saha, Alabama A&M University; James Foreman, Alabama A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

with contract values in excess of two million dollars. His current research interest is to apply nanotechnology in water and air purification systems.Pabitra Saha, Alabama A&M University Dr. Pabitra K. Saha is a Professor and Chair of the Department of Civil Engineering at Alabama A&M University (AAMU) in Huntsville, AL. He has more than 30 years of combined experience in teaching, research and industry. He earned his M.S. and Ph.D. in structural engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and B.E. from University of Calcutta. Areas of his research interest include computational solid mechanics, higher order p-version finite element modeling, thermo

Conference Session

Embedded Computing

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christopher Carroll, University of Minnesota-Duluth

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

the Freescale ‘HCS12 Microcontroller and Dragon Development Board (author information omitted for review)AbstractThe Freescale ‘HCS12 sixteen-bit microcontroller is a popular vehicle for teaching introductorymicrocomputer system design. Freescale’s Dragon development board is often the foundationfor lab station implementations. However, the Dragon board usually is used with a dedicatedpersonal computer at each station, which is expensive and which leads to a cluttered labenvironment. Individual personal computers are unnecessary, and are overkill for the needs ofthe lab. What is required is a central computing facility on which students can create, edit, andassemble assembly language programs, and

Conference Session

BME Courses & Curricular Content

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Patzer, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

13.583.2Biothermodynamics is a prerequisite for our Biotransport course and Biomethods andApplications (laboratory) course and precedes the required human physiology course taught byanother department. Biothermodynamics is a three-credit course that meets twice weekly for anhour and fifteen minutes with an hourly recitation once a week. We currently offer one sectionwith an enrollment of approximately 50 students.A second logistic problem is availability of appropriate texts and material. While the First,Second, and Third Laws of thermodynamics cross all engineering disciplines, applications tendto be discipline specific. Thus, in perusing thermodynamics texts directed toward mechanicalengineers11, 12 one finds applications in heat engines, power transmission

Conference Session

Measuring Success of Graduate Program Components

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gerald Crain, University of Oklahoma; James Sluss, University of Oklahoma; Monte Tull, University of Oklahoma; Samuel Lee, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

AC 2008-2086: PROGRESS IN ASSESSMENT OF GRADUATE ELECTRICAL ANDCOMPUTER ENGINEERING DEGREE PROGRAMS AT THE UNIVERSITY OFOKLAHOMAGerald Crain, University of Oklahoma G.E. CRAIN is a Professor and former Director of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Oklahoma. He came to OU as a Texas Instruments Professor in 1994 after 24 years in Advanced Radar at TI. His research interests are in Phased Array Radar, Antennas and Microwaves. BSEE Wichita University, MSEE and PhDEE University of Colorado.James Sluss, University of Oklahoma Dr. JAMES J. SLUSS, JR. is Director of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Oklahoma. His research and teaching interests are in the

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Capstone Design Projects

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yanfei Liu, Indiana University Purdue University, Fort Wayne (Eng); Jiaxin Zhao, Indiana University-Purdue University-Fort Wayne

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

Zhao is an Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne. He received his BS from the University of Science and Technology of China, his MS from the University of Missouri-Rolla, and his PhD from Purdue University-West Lafayette. His research and teaching interests are tribology, machine design, solid mechanics and numerical methods including finite elements and parallel computing. Page 13.784.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Interactive Sensor Package Unit – a Multidisciplinary Design

Conference Session

Graduate Student Experiences

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rajesh Bachu, University of Bridgeport; Deepak S. Deepawale, University of Bridgeport; Buket Barkana, University of Bridgeport; Lawrence Hmurcik, University of Bridgeport

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

student centre is an active department at UB which frequently organizes festivals, programs, and international festival where students from different parts of world perform with an active spirit and enthusiasm. (Second semester Student in E.E.)” “I like all cultural activities at UB like international festivals and Bollywood night. We have good equipment for sports in UB. But we do not have physical director to encourage us... (Second semester student in E.E.)” “UB provide good cultural activities like international festivals, Bollywood nights. I do not have any idea about sports activities. (Second year student in E.E.)”ConclusionResponses reveal that quality education and laboratories with

Conference Session

Manufacturing Engineering Technology Curriculum

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Immanuel Edinbarough, The University of Texas at Brownsville; Yazmin Muniz, The University of Texas at Brownsville

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

AC 2008-420: EXPERIENCES WITH THE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ANOVEL RAPID PRODUCT MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUE IN THE BATCHPRODUCTION OF MINIATURE INDUSTRIAL COMPONENTS.Immanuel Edinbarough, The University of Texas at Brownsville Immanuel Edinbarough is a Professor in the Department of Applied Engineering Technology at the University of Texas at Brownsville, Brownsville, Texas, USA. He received his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India in 1996. Dr. Edinbarough has several years of industry experience. He has taught at the Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY before joining the University of Texas at Brownsville. His teaching and research interests are in

Conference Session

Successful Outcomes of Student Entrepreneurship

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jay Porter, Texas A&M University; Joseph Morgan, Texas A&M University; Richard Scruggs, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

, and entrepreneurship. 2004. Salt Lake City, UT, United States: American Society for Engineering, Washington, DC 20036, United States.6. Wang, E.L. and J.A. Kleppe, Teaching invention, innovation, and entrepreneurship in engineering. Journal of Engineering Education, 2001. 90(4): p. 565-570.7. Weilerstein, P., et al. Invention to venture: Inspiring technology innovation and entrepreneurship. 2004. Salt Lake City, UT, United States: American Society for Engineering, Washington, DC 20036, United States.8. Sullivan, J.F., L.E. Carlson, and D.W. Carlson, Developing aspiring engineers into budding entrepreneurs: An invention and innovation course. Journal of Engineering Education, 2001. 90(4): p. 571

Conference Session

Potpourri

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Douglas Cleary, Rowan University; William Riddell, Rowan University; Harriet Hartman, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

AC 2008-642: ANALYSIS OF APPLICANT DATA TO IMPROVE RECRUITMENTOF FEMALE AND UNDERREPRESENTED ENGINEERING STUDENTSDouglas Cleary, Rowan University Douglas Cleary is an Associate Professor in the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at Rowan University. His research interests are in structural engineering and education. He is a member of ACI Committees 408 and E802. In addition, his is the Affiliate Director for Project Lead the Way in New Jersey.William Riddell, Rowan University William Riddell is an Assistant Professor in the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at Rowan University. His research and teaching interests include design, structural mechanics

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics I

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pradeep Bhattacharya, Southern University & A&M College

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

) and applications.However, all such technologies do not specify the range of wireless systems they use,thus, violating a primary ethical proof that they can do their job. None of the luxury carmanuals tell us that if it has a power window it would not open when the car is sunk orstanding in flood. The most alarming thing is that we are still not doing or teaching athing about our environment, and wish to live in a culture of insensitivity. Engineers havenow produced nano-bio convergence but have ceased to learn about energy, costefficiency and green engineering strategies. This can only happen when materialsengineer work with chemical and electrical engineers. In this paper we will discussconsequences of above and describe proactive approaches

Conference Session

Gender & Minority Issues in K-12 Engineering

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karla Korpela, Michigan Technological University; Shalini Suryanarayana, Michigan Technological University; Christine Anderson, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

local animal shelter to create a collaborative event called, “The Walk Against Violence.” Her dog, Buddy, is also being trained to become a service dog through a Pet Therapy program in area hospitals.Christine Anderson, Michigan Technological University Chris S. Anderson – Special Assistant to the President for Institutional Diversity Chris S. Anderson has masters of science degrees in Biological Sciences from Michigan Technological University and in Education Administration from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She is certified to teach both middle and high school science. Anderson supports the collaboration of Academic and Student Affairs to increase the diversity of

Conference Session

Multinational and International Design

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Mehalik, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

videoconferencing and online forums when the UNICAMP term began in lateFebruary. Each of the five teams created a preliminary design concept from these activities.Students kept design logs for all of their design activities. They also maintained electronicdesign logs of their electronic communications, drawings, and design ideas. These electronicartifacts were the main avenues of communication between UNICAMP and Pitt students. Inaddition, students conducted their design activities in a special design laboratory, which recordedthe design processes in video and audio format (with the students’ consent and according to IRBguidelines).The teams then refined their designs during a weeklong visit to Brazil in early March. Studentsshared detailed design plans

Conference Session

Venturing Out: Service Learning, Study Abroad, and Criterion H

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Duffy, University of Massachusetts Lowell; Carol Barry, University Massachusetts Lowell; Linda Barrington, University of Massachusetts-Lowell; David Kazmer, University of Massachusetts-Lowell; William Moeller, University of Massachusetts Lowell; Cheryl West, University of Massachusetts Lowell

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

the impacts of engineering solutionsin a societal context. Also, if S-L projects replace traditional analytical exercises in courses, theoverall workload will typically not increase for the students. If students are motivated to spendmore time on S-L projects, they are free to do so and should learn more in the process.The approach of S-L, with its roots in experiential learning, is consistent with the theories andempirical research of a number of leading educators and developmental psychologists, asdocumented by Brandenberger3 and Jacoby1. The approach is also consistent with the recentchange in paradigm in education from a focus on teaching to a focus on learning1,3. Astin et al.4found with longitudinal data of 22,000 students that service

Conference Session

Developing Communication/Teamwork Skills in ChEs

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joan Alabart, University Rovira i Virgili; Sibel Özgen, University Rovira i Virgili; Magda Medir, University Rovira i Virgili; Hans-Joerg Witt, Witt & Partner

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

eventinterviews, and (e) focus groups with team members. Team effectiveness is measured by: (a) ateam climate survey, (b) the evaluation of project products (a design report and a poster or anoral presentation followed by a defense), and (c) focus groups with first-year instructors.IntroductionIn 1996, the fourth-year Project Management in Practice (PMP) course was created as an electivein the Chemical Engineering program at the University Rovira i Virgili (Tarragona, Spain). Thecreation of this course responded to two needs although, actually, one of them was much morecompelling than the other. Four instructors teaching three first-year chemical engineering courses- Transport Phenomena, Fluid Mechanics, and Transport Phenomena Laboratory - wanted

Conference Session

Physics Education Research (PER) Relevant for Engineering Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sanjay Rebello, Kansas State University; Lili Cui, University of Maryland Baltimore County

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

found useful in teaching calculus and physics, in most universities,calculus and physics are taught as two separate subjects in their respective departments.The connection between calculus and calculus-based physics is obvious both from the historicalview and practical perspectives. Anecdotally we have often found that some physics teachersclaim that their students do not have the pre-requisite calculus knowledge to help them masterphysics. Is this the case? There has been no significant research on transfer of learning fromcalculus to physics. Therefore, assessing transfer of learning from calculus to physics is thecentral focus of this study

Conference Session

Capstone Design III

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Chang, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Jessica Townsend, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

was not enough development time for faculty before launch to permit athorough investigation into what portions of the teaching tasks should be common betweenfaculty, and which portions were best left up to individuals to decide. A common struggle was,and continues to be, finding the balance between treating SCOPE as teaching multiple sectionsof the same course and therefore requiring common practices; versus acknowledging that eachproject is unique and therefore requires specific decisions regarding policies such asadvising/mentorship and grading. Providing more time for faculty development of the Page 13.8.5pedagogical tools would

Conference Session

Use of Technology to Provide Civil Engineering Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kevin Sutterer, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; shannon sexton, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

often simplified using a pen. On severaloccasions, students who had taken ill joined the class from their residence hall. In those cases,they even completed in-class example problems on their own, despite missing the instructor’soral presentation and some instructor annotations in Private Ink.OutcomesEvaluation of the findings is still under way, plus the course will be taught using the technologyin the fall of 2008, so the findings reported in this study are preliminary. The effectiveness oflearning using pen-based technology with DyKnow was assessed in four different ways: (a)student surveys, (b) institute assessment, (c) student performance on tests, and (d) instructorreflection. Institute administered standard teaching evaluations were also

Conference Session

Educating for Results: Tools used in Engineering Technology

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen Hundley, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis; Terri Talbert-Hatch, Indiana University; Joshua Killey, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis; Elizabeth Wager, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

important and relative tothe topic. The limitations of the interviews will be determined partially by the number ofcompanies that grants interviews. The major limitation will depend on the interviewees’ abilityto provide valid information to the researcher. The purpose of the interviews is to determine ifthe expectations that are held by employers for newly hired graduates are consistent with thecurrent engineering technology curriculum at IUPUI.Participant 1- AIT Laboratories. In the last calendar year, this organization has hired topgraduates from engineering technology programs at IUPUI. Since the company has experiencedextreme growth in recent years, they must continually grow their management team. Havinghired recent graduates, this

Conference Session

Outstanding Contributions to ME Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen Turns, Pennsylvania State University; Laura L. Pauley, Pennsylvania State University; Sarah Zappe, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

., Woods, D. R., Stice, J. E., Rugarcia, A., “The Future of Engineering Education II. Teaching Methods that Work,” Chemical Engineering Education, Vol. 34, 2000, pp. 26-39.6. Bonwell, C. C., and Eison, J. A., “Active Learning: Creating Excitement in the Classroom,” ASHEERIC Higher Education Report No. 1, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 1991.7. Hake, R., “Interactive-Engagement vs. Traditional Methods: A Six-Thousand-Student Survey of Mechanics Test Data for Introductory Physics Courses,” American Journal of Physics, Vol. 66, 1998, p. 64.8. Redish, E., Saul, J., Steinberg, R., “On the Effectiveness of Active-Engagement Microcomputer-Based Laboratories,” American Journal of Physics, Vol. 65, 1997, p. 45.9