Conference Session

Design Methodology

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Saeed Monemi, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona; Weicong Pan, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona; Edward Varnado, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

used in data analysis. A wide range of measurement techniques are used in developing the system.Grading Criteria: Subject Area Percentage Planning and Requirements 10 % Analysis and Feasibility 10 % Design and Development by using UDL 15 % Implementation and Testing 15 % Documentation 10 % Presentation 10

Conference Session

Panel: What Funding Agencies Look For

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jane Daniels, Henry Luce Foundation; Kathleen Christensen, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Jessie DeAro, National Science Foundation; David Ruth, Elsevier Foundation

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

; and programs, policies or practices that have equitable results for therecruitment, retention and career development of students and faculty.The second tier of the CBL grantmaking process is the consideration of invited proposals. ACBL Professorship may be proposed only for a new tenure-track faculty position (not an existingvacancy) to be filled by a woman who is beginning her academic career. The intent of thisaward is to identify women scientists and engineers of the highest caliber and to guarantee earlyin their academic career, opportunities commensurate with their considerable talents. Thecandidate must be external to the institution's existing faculty. The proposal must describe howthe institution plans to increase the recipient’s

Conference Session

Project-Based Student Learning: Part II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jay Porter, Texas A&M University; Joseph Morgan, Texas A&M University; Wei Zhan, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

programs towards product/system development. While the Programs will always delivera well-rounded curriculum that prepares students for general careers in the Electronics andTelecommunication industries; the faculty believes, like many other programs, in the importanceof producing graduates that understand innovation and entrepreneurship as well as thetechnical/engineering fundamentals.1,2 For this reason, the curriculum has been changed overtime to provide students with the requisite technical expertise and a strong background in projectmanagement that allows them to understand the planning process behind product and systemdevelopment. Since 2002, the Programs have refined their capstone design course sequence torequire all students to: form a

Conference Session

Outcomes of Cooperative Education Assignments

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Walsh, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

component in the educational experience of nascentengineers.[4,6,7]The College of Engineering Strategic Plan states that: “The mission of the College ofEngineering is to be a flagship college of engineering that benefits humanity by educatingsocially responsible engineers inspired for life-long learning using an innovative learn bydoing philosophy in partnership with industry and other stakeholders.” The PBLI is consistentwith the College mission because it promotes the use of a multi-disciplinary, participatory, learnby doing, “hands-on” laboratory, project and design centered approach. The PBLI enhanceseducational outcomes for students in accordance with the strategic plan, it enhances theprofessional development of the faculty in conformance

Conference Session

Enhancing Recruitment and Retention in Engineering Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eugene Brown, Virginia Tech; Robert McGahern, DDR&E; Robert Stiegler, NSWC-DD

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

focus using LEGO MINDSTORMS equipment. The summer schoolcomponent features advanced robotics challenges and specially-constructed breakoutexperiments, which were used to illustrate specific mathematics and science topics. Fig. 3. VDP Summer Camp Fig. 4. A Sea Perch VehicleFaculty from the School of Education of the College of William and Mary provide professionaldevelopment workshops on co-teaching, structuring and leading cooperative learning groups, andcurricular connections for the robotics scenarios in the form of comprehensive lesson plans. Withthe help of the Navy mentors, faculty from William & Mary train the teachers in the use of theLEGO MINDSTORMS kits and ROBOLAB software, which are the focus in

Conference Session

Pedagogical Developments in BME

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Melissa Morris, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Daniel Raviv, Florida Atlantic University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

the arteriesstructure/topology/state2.4 Reduce details Reduce stress2.5 Duplicate/repeat it * Follow the model of healthy individuals with no signs of heart diseases Have a friend or mentor to follow a prevention plan together 3 Directionality Start a prevention plan after getting the disease to try to reverse some3.1 Take it the other way around effects * Modify genetic sequences to eliminate markers / features for increased3.2 Direct it risk Use bile acid

Conference Session

Trends in Construction Engineering Education II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amitabha Bandyopadhyay, State University of New York; Jamil Lacourt, State University of New York, Farmingdale

Tagged Divisions

Construction

). Thebuilding does not have enhanced commissioning, but could be achieved withinreasonable time. The energy costs are paid by the tenant and not included in the base rent.There is no green power usage in the building.Materials and ResourcesThe floor provides some means of collecting recyclables but lacks central collectionlocation. The building does not have policy of minimum lease of ten years. The buildinghas a strict policy to maintain as much of the existing no-shell, non-structural componentsin place during any type of renovation. The building does not have a construction wastemanagement plan or policy. The building does resource re-use policy, but it could beverified if it satisfy 10% threshold. There is no policy on recycled (content

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carl Lund, State University of New York, Buffalo

activities from which to choose for in-class use on the assignedtopic, and (c) any necessary simulators, etc. that are needed for the learning activities. Mostimportantly, each learning activity would include a lesson plan describing how to implement itsuse in the classroom and a listing of additional supplies, if any, that are needed. These learningactivities would be completely integrated with the readings and lecture videos so that thenomenclature is the same, and the students would already have gained any pre-requisiteknowledge for the activities in prior classes, readings and lectures. Of course the TExT wouldalso provide the instructor with solutions for all the examples and problems. It would

Conference Session

Structural Education Methods

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anne Nichols, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

AC 2009-628: ENHANCEMENT OF WRITTEN COMMUNICATION ONSTRUCTURAL SYSTEMS USING CALIBRATED PEER REVIEWAnne Nichols, Texas A&M University Dr. Nichols is an Assistant Professor of Architecture at Texas A&M University. She teaches structural analysis, design, and planning at the undergraduate and graduate level. She is a civil engineer with research interests in the structural mechanics and modeling of masonry and cement materials. Page 14.565.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 Enhancement of Written Communication on Structural Systems Using Calibrated Peer

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship Education: Crossdisciplinary Programs

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jorge delosRios-Hurtado, Texas Tech; David Wyrick, Texas Tech

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

in Technology Entrepreneurship that is jointly delivered by the Edward E. WhitacreJr. College of Engineering and the Rawls College of Business Administration. We believe that aGraduate Certificate in Technology Entrepreneurship is the logic next level needed to promoteentrepreneurial spirit. We analyzed all graduate courses offered from the colleges ofArchitecture, Arts and Sciences, Engineering, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, andBusiness and designed a 12 credit-hour graduate certificate. These courses provide tools,objectives, case studies, strategies, and business plan developments, so every willing student canapply them to develop new opportunities at any entrepreneurial level. This study introduces across-campus

Conference Session

Issues and Opportunities in IE Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marlin Thomas, Air Force Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

followingsale or delivery. It wasn’t until the early 1970s that quantitative methods were used in quality andwarranty planning, Thomas and Rao10. The literature has since developed considerably withnumerous articles that deal with warranty policies and marketing strategies, cost and economicmodels, and maintenance and replacement decisions. Manufacturers have been using relativemeasures of warranty claims and costs as indicators of relative quality for many years, thoughdata quality and availability have limited the capability of the analyses. With the modernperspective on quality and recognition and understanding of the importance of customers in thedesign and development of products, a product system view of manufacturing and producingproducts

Conference Session

Implementation of the Civil Engineering Body of Knowledge and Recent ABET Experiences

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ronald Welch, University of Texas, Tyler

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

andAmerican Standard air conditioning, Goodyear tire, and oil production plants located inand around Tyler, it was only natural to develop electrical and mechanical engineeringprograms to support the largest local industries. It was at this same time that UT Tylerbegan to accept freshmen and shed its previous role as an upper-level University that onlyaccepted students who had completed an associate’s degree at a community college. Asthe College enrollments grew so did the planning to grow the college by adding a civilengineering program.The Department of Civil Engineering began hiring faculty and admitting students in 2005.The students who made up the first graduating class in 2008 were actually admitted into

Conference Session

Engineering Professional Development for K-12 Teachers

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Louis Nadelson, College of Education; Janet Callahan, Boise State University; Pat Pyke, Boise State University; Anne Hay, Boise State University; Cheryl Schrader, Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

school year with extensive educational outreach and support. This report is limitedspecifically to the evaluation of the Phase I summer workshop. As we planned for the evaluationof our summer workshop it became apparent that the assessment of our goal attainment was notgoing to be immediately achieved. The assessment of the influence of the workshop onincreasing the quality and quantity of STEM content being taught by the participating teachers isa longer term process. (We are currently in Phase II of SySTEMic where we are assessingteacher proficiency and confidence for teaching STEM topics using inquiry and project basedlearning.) For Phase I we were interested in assessing how our summer workshop mightinfluence the participants’ capacity for

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship Education: Cases and Models

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dana Clarke, Applied Innovation Alliance; Donald Reimer, Lawrence Technological University; Ahad Ali, Lawrence Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

application, consulting, facilitation and training of such methodologies and business practices as TRIZ, Competitive Opportunity Management, Strategic Planning, Competitive Intelligence, Product / Process Development and Optimization, Business Process Innovation, Design for Manufacture and Assembly, Quality Function Deployment, Technology Research and Organizational Engineering.Donald Reimer, Lawrence Technological University Donald M. Reimer is currently a fulltime senior lecturer and Associate Director of The Lear Entrepreneurial Program in College of Engineering at Lawrence Tech. Mr. Reimer holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Industrial Management from Lawrence Technological University and

Conference Session

Design for Society and the Environment

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christopher Williams, Virginia Tech; Richard Goff, Virginia Tech; Janis Terpenny, Virginia Tech; Jenny Lo, Virginia Tech; Tamara Knott, Virginia Tech; Karen Gilbert, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

). Page 14.2.9 Figure 1. Design “Tools” Covered in ENGE 1114Table 2. The Phases of the Design Methodology and of the ROXIE Project Design Phase Project Components • Partner with community service group • Serve community group in order to better understand their needsIdentify the problem • Meet with community group leader(s) to identify specific needs and begin project planning • Draft project proposal (must be approved by instructor) Clarify the design • Develop project plan (Gantt chart, Linear Responsibility Chart, Work Breakdown task

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship Education: Cases and Models

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anuradha Basu, San Jose State University; Minnie Patel, San Jose State University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

stay away from a market that has big players≠ Focus on meeting customers’ needs≠ Understand the customer’s needs (use all communication channels one can access)≠ Bring together skills, make a plan, and work out a plan Page 14.452.6≠ Forming a founding team can necessitate being entrepreneurial≠ Angel financingA review of the interview findings revealed that all the a priori learning objectives weredemonstrated in the case.Step 5. Prepared first draft of case study and instructor’s notes, including a rubric to assessstudents’ responsesFirst draft of the Serus Case was prepared along with the instructor’s notes. The instructor’snotes highlighted

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship Education: Innovation, International Cooperation, and Social Entrepreneurship

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Jordan, Baylor University; Ryan McGhee, Baylor University; Brian Thomas, Baylor University; Elizabeth Lemus, Baylor University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

, design, construction and installation of a battery charging station. However therewas a failure to leave behind a completed business structure that resulted in a lack ofaccountability to ensure the business and operational objectives of the project were continued.This resulted in a nearly complete “business” failure, in part because the technology was notreally what they wanted, and that resulted in a lack of societal uptake and therefore a lack ofsocietal acceptance of the battery charging station. Their strong preference was to be able to useappliances that required more power and higher voltages than was practical with a batterycharging system. Also during this trip, we did not have the vision or plans to try and spread thetechnology around

Conference Session

Thinking, Reasoning, and Engineering in Elementary School

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Irene Mena, Purdue University; Brenda Capobianco, Purdue University; Heidi Diefes-Dux, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

differentcountries. Throughout the activities, students learn about and use the engineering design processwhich consists of the following steps: ask, imagine, plan, create, and improve3.Research QuestionThe research question for this study is: In what ways does the integration of elementaryengineering learning activities impact grade 3, 4, and 5 students’ perceptions of engineering, theengineering design process, and the work of engineers?Theoretical FrameworkThis study draws upon the construct of situated learning. According to Lave and Wenger4,situated learning suggests that learning can be situated in social and cultural settings, and that if alearning activity falls beyond the cultural understanding of the learner then learning is likely, atbest, to be

Conference Session

Computational Tools and Simulation I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dianne Raubenheimer, North Carolina State University; Jeff Joines, North Carolina State University; Amy Craig, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

problem solving task was used in all the classes described in this paper. The goal forthe next round is to create another problem solving task to implement in similar classes at ouruniversity in the fall and spring of 2009, as an attempt to replicate the results using a differentproblem context. Another plan is to implement the original task at other universities that havethe same engineering disciplines to see if the new course is making an impact on the student’sproblem solving ability. The team is currently in conversation with a few peer institutions. Thegoal will be conducting a comparable study at other locations and assisting them in developing asimilar course

Conference Session

Instrumentation and Measurement Innovation

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joshua Schwartz, Western Carolina University; Mequanint Moges, University of Houston; Xiaojing Yuan, University of Houston; Driss Benhaddou, University of Houston

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

AC 2009-819: TOWARD THE INTEGRATION OF PSOC AND BIOMEDICALINSTRUMENTATIONJoshua Schwartz, Western Carolina UniversityMequanint Moges, University of HoustonXiaojing Yuan, University of HoustonDriss Benhaddou, University of Houston Page 14.1275.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 Building Toward the Integration of PSoC and Bio-medical InstrumentationAbstractAs part of its quality instruction enhancement plan, the University of Houston is transformingundergraduate learning experience through research. This transformation aims to improvestudent learning by providing and expanding research experience and its importance to

Conference Session

Innovation in Construction Engineering Education I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kris Mattila, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Construction

constructionterminology, contracts, project delivery systems, cash flow, equipment ownership, equipmentproductivity, estimating, planning, scheduling, quality and safety. With this broad range oftopics it is difficult to cover things in depth. Therefore, it is important to illustrate topics in ameaningful manner.The author has taught the course 19 times and has tried to develop techniques that are not onlyinteresting to the student but keeps the instructor interested and excited about the material. Theexercise presented in this paper, an introduction to estimating and bidding is one of those.What is estimating and bidding?Those who have taught estimating or who have worked in the construction industry are able todescribe what estimating is. However, for 19 or 20

Conference Session

ASCE Policy 465: Raising the Bar

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jon Nelson, American Society of Civil Engineers; David Hornbeck, Southern Polytechnic State University; James Lambrechts, Wentworth Institute of Technology; Joe Manous, United States Army Corps of Engineers; Robert Stevens, Arcadis U.S., Inc; Leo Titus, ECS, Ltd; Jeffrey Russell

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

(Masters of Strategic Studies), and University of Minnesota (PhD, Environmental Engineering). He is active in several professional engineering organizations to include ASCE, Society of American Military Engineers, National Society of Professional Engineers, National Institute for Engineering Ethics, Order of the Engineer, and the Army Engineer Association.Robert Stevens, Arcadis U.S., Inc ROBERT D. STEVENS, Ph.D., P.E., F.ASCE is an Executive Vice President with ARCADIS U.S., Inc. in Denver, Colorado. Most of his career was spent in the transportation area with work on environmental assessments, planning, and design of roads, rail, and transit projects. He oversaw the first

Conference Session

Sustainability and Environmental Issues

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine Skokan, Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

TABLE 1 ENERGY CURRICULUM FOR A TWO-YEAR COLLEGEEnergy Resources CourseUnderstanding the resources that are present on Native American Lands will help tribalcommunities to better plan the use and exploitation of these resources. The Energy Resourcesclass is designed to present a balanced view of traditional and alternative energy sources. Thefor each energy resource, a life-cycle analysis approach has been designed. The sources are: ≠ Oil and Gas ≠ Coal ≠ Nuclear ≠ Hydroelectric ≠ Geothermal ≠ Solar ≠ Wind ≠ Biomass ≠ Synthetic Fuels ≠ Fuel CellsThe life-cycle analysis will address the topics: ≠ Geologic or geographic occurrence ≠ Cost of extraction ≠ Efficiency in

Conference Session

Structural Education Methods

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cole McDaniel, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Graham Archer, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

. Page 14.441.2The floors and roof consist of a 3-inch concrete topping on a corrugated steel deck. The buildingfootprint is approximately 82 feet by 99 feet. The building was selected for several reasons: 1)the building is on-campus and is easily accessed by the students; 2) the structural plans for thebuilding were readily available to the students to aid in structural member properties and loadtakeoff calculations; 3) the original design engineers were available for consultation; and 4) thelateral resisting system (braced frames) was visible and obvious. Figure 1: The BuildingA typical analytical model created by the students is shown in figure 2. To reduce the workloadfor the students, they were permitted

Conference Session

Laboratories in Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheng Lin, Old Dominion University; Gene Hou, Old Dominion University; Sebastian Bawab, Old Dominion University; Timothy Coats, NSWCCD; Hesham Nassar, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

this problem, the nextstage of the development is to build a large 6-DOF Stewart Simulator.References 1. Beer, F., “Mechanics for Engineering Dynamics”, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1987. 2. Wang, B., “Impact Model for Motions of a High-speed Planning Boat in Regular Waves”, Journal of the Page 14.1114.10 Chinese Institute of Engineers, v 7, n 3, p 197-206, July, 1984. 3. Blank, R., “Field Test Results Prove GPS Performance and Utility”, IEEE PLANS, Position Location and Navigation Symposium, 1986, p 287-296.4. Tsujita, T., “Analysis of Nailing Task Motion for a Humanoid robot”, International Conference on

Conference Session

Computer Education Innovations

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claudia E. Vergara, Michigan State University; Mark Urban-Lurain, Michigan State University; Cindee Dresen, Corporation for a Skilled Workforce; Tammy Coxen, Corporation for a Skilled Workforce; Taryn MacFarlane, Corporation for a Skilled Workforce; Kysha Frazier, Corporation for a Skilled Workforce; Daina Briedis, Michigan State University; Neeraj Buch, Michigan State University; Louise Paquette, Lansing Community College; Jon Sticklen, Michigan State University; Jeannine LaPrad, Corporation for a Skilled Workforce; Thomas Wolff, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Instructional Technology Research & Development in the Division of Science and Mathematics Education at Michigan State University. Dr. Urban-Lurain's research interests are in theories of cognition, their impact on instructional design and applying these to the use of instructional technology. He is also interested in the role of technology in educational improvement and reform.Cindee Dresen, Corporation for a Skilled Workforce Cindee Dresen is CSW’s Director of Operations. Ms. Dresen is responsible for staffing management, work design and delivery, product and service continuous improvement, organizational learning, knowledge and information management, technology planning, and infrastructure

Conference Session

Curriculum in Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology: Part II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chao Li, Florida A&M University; G. Thomas Bellarmine, Florida A&M University/Florida State University; Leon Prosper, Florida A&M University/Florida State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

of wireless/mobile technology inclassroom instruction to improve teaching and learning. A wireless LAN (Local Area Network)composed of Tablet PCs was setup. Special interactive software was installed. The platform todeliver some of the EET (Electronics Engineering Technology) courses was developed. TheseEET courses were redesigned to adapt to the new system. Evaluations from the students showedthat they are learning more and concentrating on the subject matter. They overwhelmingly gavepositive feedback to this new instructional system. Feedback from all the instructors is positiveas well. We plan to include more courses using this new system in the future.IntroductionOne of the challenges facing faculty in Electronics Engineering Technology

Conference Session

ECE Pedagogy and Assessment II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jean-Claude Thomassian, State University of New York, Maritime College; Anoop Desai, Georgia Southern University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

to the media based module whichwas housed on a network drive. To gain access to the modules, they had to use a campuscomputer to log onto their accounts. The module starts by demonstrating a step-by-stepsimulated instruction to learn some of the basic procedures of using PSpice – analysis of aresistive circuit, DC, AC, and Transient analysis.The module explains all the essential setups, file saving, operating the program, and observingthe results through text editor and screen captures. Each main point is depicted in adequatedetail. Students accessing the modules are not under any time limitation or rush; they can gothrough the modules at their own speed and in their own time.Assessment Method and Plan of ResearchStudents were requested to

Conference Session

Distance and Web-Based Learning in ET: Remote and Virtual Laboratories

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xuemin Chen, Texas Southern University; Lei Jiang, Donghua University; Darayan Shahryar, Texas Southern University; Lawrence Kehinde, Texas Southern University; David Olowokere, Texas Southern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

laboratories development practices.Architecture of VR-LabThe system block diagram of the VR-Lab which is under development in the authors’department is shown in Figure 1. The functionality of the server is to work as the webpublisher, the lab scheduler, as well as the data and database manger. The workstationsare used to execute the users’ requirements and control the lab devices such as the NIEducational Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Suite (NI-ELVIS) and control plan toconduct the experiments. The camera will let the users see the system response in realtime. The users can then use the client computer to do the experiments in virtual andremote way. Page

Conference Session

Recruitment and Retention in Engineering Technology Programs

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gene Harding, Purdue University; Benjamin Scott, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

of the ammplifier and DVD D player are routed too the front patch p panel. Allcomponeent and speak ker connections are madde at the fronnt panel so coomponents can c be swapppedin and ouut easily. Fo or instance, inn the ampliffier lab of ouur Power Eleectronics classs we plan toocompare student-buillt amplifiers with the CT T-410. For thhe baseline test t the outpputs of the DVDplayer arre connected to the CT-4410 inputs, annd its outputts are conneccted to the sppeakers. Thhen,the cablinng is