Collection

2013 GSW

Authors

Amen I. Omoragbon; Gary J. Coleman; Lex Gonzalez; Brandon Watters; Bernd Chudoba

one engine out. Further work is necessary to mature thisfirst generation B777-TVC transport concept into a certifiable thus safe next generationtransport. IntroductionThe commercial transport is approaching a fuel burn performance plateau with the typical TailAft Configuration (TAC) wing-tube-empennage design. Over its 92 year history, there have beentwo significant performance paradigm shifts. One in the 1950’s, caused by propulsion upgradeswith  the  dawn  of  the  jet  age.  The  other  in  the  late  2000’s,  caused  by  the  significant  weight reduction from full composite structures. NASA projects a need for an additional 70% decreasein fuel burn performance within the next 30 years (N+3

Collection

2013 GSW

Authors

L. Massa; P. Jha

equation (2).The implementation and manipulation of the stoichiometric constraints renders equilibriumdidactically challenging: the Lagrange multipliers strategy discussed in Ref. [7] is effective butcumbersome. We propose a singular value decomposition of the stoichiometric matrix as a viablesolution strategy, because of its lean and straightforward implementation. The algorithm startswith identifying the effective number of constraints as the codimension of the nullspace of A(N(A)), which is, as a consequence, mapped by the right singular vectors corresponding to zerosingular values. Hence, A USV T dn V :, nelement 1: nspecies dc, (3)where dc is the projection of dn on the nullspace N(A), and

Collection

2013 GSW

Authors

Edward E. Anderson

, graphic representation, variables lists, and mathematicalmodel, and requires users to develop each of these mental models (graphical representation isoptional). Andes includes an equation solving tool although users can also solve the equationsoff-line. A research project conducted on some 330 students approximately one-half of whomwere in a control group, resulted in a 3% (1/3 letter grade) student performance improvement ondepartmental pencil and paper examinations by students who did Andes homework rather thantraditional homework. Anecdotal results from Andes users (Schulze, et al.18) indicate thatstudents are initially reluctant to carefully define their variables, some students ask for help onalmost every step of a problem solution, giving

Collection

2013 GSW

Authors

Karen McGill; Amir Karimi