Conference Session

Experience in Assessing Technological Literacy

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian P Kirkmeyer, Miami University

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

. General access to content is very easy to discuss in the larger context, since most of whatthe students know is that context.A major benefit to discussing software is introducing the ethics and legalities of the current formof file sharing.23 This began in 2000 when Metallica sued Napster and its users for the early andunauthorized release of a new song.1,4 Many of the students in the course were less than 10 yearsold when this occurred, and thus they have no recollection of the event or its significance. Formany students, getting the music for free in one form or another is all they have ever known, andso introducing these topics to them is eye-opening since they have not faced such an ethicaldilemma. It is among the most fascinating discussions

Conference Session

Capstone Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Anders Wahlquist, US Air Force Academy; Daniel D. Jensen, U.S. Air Force Academy; Kristin L. Wood P.E., Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD); Kyle Fitle, U.S. Air Force Academy; David Carte, U.S. Air Force Academy

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

multiple realistic constraints.” [1] Three of the important outcomes ofthis capstone experience involve learning about professional ethics, teamwork skills, and designmethodologies. These courses also provide an invaluable opportunity for students to movebeyond passive absorption of the material and apply these skills to an open ended design project.This paper focuses on efforts to improve the understanding and application of designmethodologies. However, it should be noted that by better understanding and applying thisaspect of the capstone experience students frequently experience beneficial effects in other keyelements of the learning experience.Capstone engineering experiences across the country are typically either one or two semesters

Conference Session

Secondary (6-12) Outreach

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Crystal Jean DeJaegher, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

. Page 23.1375.3 WISEngineering is unique in that it supports Figure  1.  Silhouette  Cameo  die-­‐cutterstudents through every step of an engineering design process. This support encourages studentsto develop engineering habits of mind as they progress through an authentic design challenge.Engineering habits of mind involve systems thinking, creativity, collaboration, optimism,communication, and taking into account ethical considerations9. Informed engineering designassists in the facilitation of a design process that is more than building for the sake ofconstruction1; the engineering design process is intended to teach students how to organize theirthinking and make informed decisions to

Conference Session

Computer Based Grading and Learning Styles

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Walter W Schilling Jr., Milwaukee School of Engineering; John K. Estell, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

and Wood, Leigh N. Fremantle, Australia : s.n., 2008.Australian Association for Research in Education (AARE) International Education Research Conference.12. Providing in-depth and personalized feedback to online students using audio recording. Wallace, Ian andMoore, Catherine. Singapore : s.n., 2012. 3rd International Conference on e-education, e-Business, e-Management,and e-Learning.13. Inverting the Classroom: A Gateway to Creating an Inclusive Learning Environment. Lage, M., Platt, G. andTreglia., M. 2000, Journal of Economic Education, Vol. Winter, pp. 31-43.14. Psychological Considerations in Engineering Teaching: An Ethical Mandate to Produce Responsible Engineers.Lee, B. Kyun, Leiffer, Paul R. and Graff, R. William. Pittsburgh : s.n

Conference Session

Programs in Entrepreneurship

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nada Marie Anid, New York Institute of Technology; Steven H. Billis, New York Institute of Technology; Marta Alicia Panero, New York Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

teaching is particularly responsiveto the applications-oriented mission of NYIT and the School of Engineering?6. Did the faculty’s experience with ETIC lead to any technical consulting activities, externalfunding through grants or contracts?7. If students were engaged in completing a project to complete their senior level “capstonesequence”, how did this “course work” affect ABET Student Outcomes (SOs): “c”, “h” and “k”. c. “an ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability”; h. “an understanding of the larger-scale impact of engineering

Conference Session

Grasping the "Concept"

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Debra Gilbuena, Oregon State University; Christina Smith, Oregon State University; Bill Jay Brooks, Oregon State University; Talia Sidne Finkelstein, Oregon State University; Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Conference Session

Laboratory Development in ECE I

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John M Robertson, Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus; Kathleen Meehan, Virginia Tech; Robert John Bowman, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE); Kenneth A Connor, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Douglas A Mercer, Analog Devices Inc.

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

. However, we are clearly at the start of a large-scaleeducational experiment and longer-term quantitative evaluations are being set up to determine: The depth of understanding behind the increased applications fluency. The level of student accountability in terms of deliverables and data ethics that goes with ownership of a personal lab. Templates for a more rigorous process for student-driven experimental planning and results analysis. How much student-student cooperation is established given that it is an additional burden that they must organize since there are no longer scheduled lab classes where cooperation is imposed through shared use of lab equipment. Whether the

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathan E Canney P.E., University of Colorado Boulder; Kaitlin Litchfield, University of Colorado, Boulder; Molly Victoria Shea, University of Colorado

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

across settings 9. In engineering education, such authenticcontexts have been developed through “problem based” and “project based” activities 10. Amongthe advantages of such approaches are that students have greater opportunity to be mentored andpractice aspects of engineering for development that are often missed in the “core curriculum” oftraditional engineering education. Specifically, through “project based” engineering education,students work to: - formulate and solve ill-defined problems under complex conditions; - understand professional and ethical responsibilities associated with these complex conditions; - communicate with other engineers and with non-engineering professionals and the general public; and

Conference Session

Novel Pedagogies 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

M. Razi Nalim P.E., Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Manikanda K Rajagopal, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis; Robert J Helfenbein, Indiana University-IUPUI, School of Education

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

research articles and book chapters about contemporary education analysis in urban contexts in journal such as Curriculum Inquiry, the Journal of Curriculum Theorizing, Educational Studies, The Urban Review, the Review of Educa- tion, Pedagogy, and Cultural Studies, and co-edited the volumes Unsettling Beliefs: Teaching Theory to Teachers (2008) and Ethics and International Curriculum Work: The Challenges of Culture and Context (2012). In 2008, Dr. Helfenbein served as the Section Chair for Critical Perspectives and Practices of AERA Division B-Curriculum Studies followed by serving as overall Program Chair for Division B in 2009 and was nominated into the Professors of Curriculum at AERA 2011. He is currently Editor of

Conference Session

Two-Year College Division Transfer Topics Part II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael E. Pelletier, Northern Essex Community College; Linda A. Desjardins, Northern Essex Community College; Paul Chanley, Northern Essex Community College; Lori Heymans, Northern Essex Community College

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

. Duringmost of that first semester, the course materials were being delivered “just in time” for studentuse.EST104 Topical Syllabus A. Engineering as a Career B. Ethics C. Engineering Design and Teamwork D. Engineering Communication E. EXCEL - Workbooks & Graphs F. MATLAB programming – script files, functions, input/output, plotting, logic and conditionals, logic and relational operators, conditional statements, for loops, while loops.EST104 Schedule of topics for fall 2011  Week 1-5 EXCEL with applications to Ohm‟s Law and the Speed of Sound in air.  Week 6 Flowcharting and Procedural Programming  Week 7-10 MATLAB – Programming a Stepper Motor in MATLAB

Conference Session

Case Studies in Entrepreneurship

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Raviv, Florida Atlantic University; Alex Kotlarchyk

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

, cultural, ethical, and environmental awareness.  Personal skills, such as persistence, imagination, curiosity, risk taking, reading and comprehension, the cultivation of a positive can-do attitude, clarity of thought, goal oriented thinking, as well as life-long, lateral learning and artistic abilities.  Social skills, such as teamwork, communication and humor. Students engage in business-like experience apart from the traditional classroomenvironment. They work as a team, take risks, push past failures, interact with prospectivecustomers and are exposed to business, as well as technical issues. As in a typical businessenvironment, the students attend regular meetings and

Conference Session

Problem- and project-based learning in environmental engineering

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Cardenas, Harvey Mudd College; David Wayne Kelley, Department of Geography, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN; Warren Roberts

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

as a tool to examine complex environmental issues with a spatial context.Kelley notes, regarding the study: “While it can be used as-is with little preparation for anintroductory environmental studies course, other disciplines might want to preface the exercisewith a discussion of partitioning coefficients, remediation technologies, or environmental law,depending on the discipline. For my use, I spend a class period ahead of time discussing the useof chemicals in our society, the economic and political placement of the sites/businesses that usethese chemicals in our midst (often along railroad lines or barge terminals for bulk transport),some ethical considerations regarding where these sites are located (near poorer, or ethnic

Conference Session

Hands-on/Experiential Learning

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daria A Kotys-Schwartz, University of Colorado Boulder; Chiang Shih, Florida A&M University/Florida State University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

internationalSenior Capstone Design projects. It is anticipated that the remaining three outcomes canbe accomplished through program modifications and changes to the assessmentinstruments.It should be noted that 7 out of 8 of the FIPSE-SEAEP anticipated U.S. student outcomesdirectly align with the ABET Criterion 3 Student Outcomes (a-k).11 Outcomes d, f, h, iand j are notoriously difficult for engineering programs to implement, and assess, inalready overcrowded curriculums: d. an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams f. an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility h. the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental, and societal context i. a

Conference Session

Training and Mentoring of Graduate Teaching Assistants

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rachel Louis Kajfez, Virginia Tech; Holly M Matusovich, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

training was usually administered by a teaching and learning center. For the “workshopsthroughout year/monthly discussions,” the training was usually administered by someone in theFYEP. This could have been an experienced GTA or a faculty member. Often the topicsdiscussed in either of these trainings related to managing groups of students, facilitatingquestions, teaching ethics, and encouraging participation.Regarding the formal pedagogy training documented in Table 2, Roberto commented that: “You are supposed to go to these like seminars at the beginning. Uh, when you are in your first year, like the first week, but I don’t think they like track your attendance or anything like that…Not everyone goes. Like I went to a couple

Conference Session

Engineering Libraries (ELD) Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Janet Fransen, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

students in both semestersreceiving instruction was much higher than their peers. Each spring, the Chemistry librarian speaks to a class in Ethics that all firstyear graduate students must take. The Computer Science department offers a year-long course for first-year PhD students, and theComputer Science librarian spoke to the class both semesters. Department Count Workstation Digital Reference Circulation Instruction Any Library (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) Use (%) Fall Spring Fall Spring Fall Spring Fall

Conference Session

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society (LEES) Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Craig J. Gunn, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

communication skills. Small stepsin creating text and placing that text in the forefront of engineering courses can be a simple way tomake of engineering students a force in the world around them.The structure of the courses within a department could expand to all required courses as in thefollowing. The communication elements in each course are shown below.Table 1. Engineering Courses and the Communication Elements in eachFresh. EGR 100 – Intro to Engineering DesignYear Resumes, email, short engineering focused reports, engineering writing demands, problem solving, speaking, ethics, and orientation to the university/college/majorsSoph. ME 201 – ThermodynamicsYear Student communication survey, refresher

Conference Session

Robots and K-12 Computer Applications

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christina Gardner-McCune, Human Centered Computing Clemson University; Darrryl Bryant DUPE McCune II, YES Beyond Limits; Chanteal Maria Edwards; Cedric Stallworth, Georgia Institute of Technology, College of Computing

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

all participants (new and returning) each session. Table 4 shows theracial ethical composition of all participants (new and returning) each session. Table 1 Participant Cohorts Cohort Cohort Cohort #3 Cohort Cohort Cohort Cohort #1 #2 #4 #3 #4 #3 After- Summer Imagine Investigate Imagine Investig Investiga Innovate school Pilot I ate II te I Pilot Spring

Conference Session

Best of DEED

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Wang, University of California, Berkeley

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

whencompared to other similar students. Penner et al.23 demonstrate that students who designedphysical models better understood science models, though their instruments seemed biasedtowards these students. Further studies are needed to evaluate the learning of engineering.However, with respect to some engineering habits of mind, researchers have shown that designprovides an opportunity for students to test their preconceptions21, creatively develop uniquesolutions through multiple paths13,14,24,25, engage in systems thinking25, iteratively refine theirdesign and thinking20, learn from failure18,26, collaborate and communicate22,24,27, manipulate andreflect with materials15,18,21,26, and ethically and civically design for people28. Therefore, thoughthe

Conference Session

Problem- and project-based learning in environmental engineering

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lupita D Montoya, University of Colorado, Boulder; Robyn Sandekian, University of Colorado Boulder; Daniel Knight, University of Colorado, Boulder

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

theirproject. After the first few days, their comfort with the adverse conditions for the projectimplementation increased. Their self-confidence and commitment to their work also increasedas evidenced by their long work hours and excellent team work ethic, both within their team butalso with their co-workers from Peru.Impact of the course topic. Quantitative post-survey data indicated that 67% of courseparticipants found the course topic more interesting than those from other sections of the course.Qualitative analysis of open-ended survey responses and travel team interviews indicated twothemes in the data, one related to positive motivations generated by the course topic and anotherrelated to negative motivations.Subthemes under positive motivation

Conference Session

Capstone Design Courses and Tools in support of Systems Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ertunga C Ozelkan, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Peter L Schmidt P.E., University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Devin Hatley, UNC Charlotte; Kathleen Ann Boutin-Pasterz, UNC Charlotte

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

professional and ethical responsibilities including a respect for diversity3(j) a knowledge of the impact of engineering technology solutions in a societal and global contextSustainability projects are excellent vehicles for reinforcing criteria 3(h) - 3(i). They provide anopportunity for self-directed study in an area where course work may not be common, reinforceethical considerations and provide context for work in a global sense.Student Groups:The subject program uses three criteria when staffing students into project teams. Student interestis weighed along with student GPA and with project skill set requirements. A staffing algorithmhas been implemented in software, with some human manipulation

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joi-lynn Mondisa, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Junaid A. Siddiqui, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Mel Chua, Purdue University; Linda Vanasupa, California Polytechnic State University; Roberta J Herter, California Polytechnic State University; Robin Adams, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Student

sure thateverybody finds a thing, but rather about making it accessible and easy to use and remix andshare once it's found. Radical transparency is not a magic bullet -- it's not an "if you build it, theywill come" route to millions of readers. But it is a way to give the readers you get an opportunityand a choice to engage more deeply with a work on their own terms. What surprised me was how foreign (and consequently scary due to being an unknown)transparency was to so many people in academia. The mode of sharing that I'd taken for grantedin the open source context was much more constrained by data privacy concerns in the scholarlyrealm. There are good reasons for this; ethics are vital, and sometimes preserving privacy is theright

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adrian Ieta, State University of New York at Oswego; Rachid Manseur, Oswego State University College; Thomas E. Doyle, McMaster University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

technical lectures, the students are also given lectures andinstruction on Intellectual Property, Research Ethics, Conducting Literature Searches, SoftwareTools (Matlab, LabView, MapleSim, etc.) and the required use of Log Books. Students are alsomade aware of external competitions and potential publication avenues for their completedworks. Page 23.271.12Technical Meetings with Advisor: Once the proposal is accepted, the student(s) and advisoragree on periodic meeting intervals. Suggested intervals are to start biweekly and adjust asneeded. During each meeting the student(s) will give an update of progress, comment on theiradherence to the initial

Conference Session

Design Methodology and Evaluation 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alan Chong, University of Toronto; Jason A. Foster, University of Toronto; Patricia Kristine Sheridan, University of Toronto; Robert Irish, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

over the term (Figure 9). Page 23.365.10 Figure 9: Perry Model of Intellectual and Ethical Development as presented in lecture to students during a debriefing on the activity. The number “1655” on the slide refers to the session number at the conference in which the paper was presented.4. Analysis and DiscussionThe pre-activity definitions, alongside visual word analyses generated from the entire student set,represent an initial baseline against which post-activity definitions can be compared. Anecdotalevidence from instructors on the challenges of leading the activity in the classroom, solicited inpost-studio meetings

Conference Session

Basic Concepts in Entrepreneurship

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Neelam Soundarajan, Ohio State University; Rajiv Ramnath, Ohio State University; Bruce W. Weide, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

student interested in an internshipfinds a suitable one.From the point of view of the startups, the main reasons for participating in the program are to: • Gain access to talented candidates with a passion for entrepreneurship; • Have flexibility in addressing their human resource needs and at a low cost, given the NEW- PATH subsidy; • Increase the organization’s visibility, brand awareness and allure on campus; • Cultivate stronger relationships with our university, its students and faculty.The internship program has been extremely successful. The startups that have hired NEWPATHstudents as interns have been enthusiastic in their praise of the students’ abilities, work ethic,and enthusiasm. Students have learned first-hand lessons

Conference Session

Creating and Maintaining Effective Communication Learning in the Curriculum

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Craig J. Gunn, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

, Proposed Solution Resumes, email, short engineering focused Paper, Justified Evaluation Paper, Writing Profile reports, engineering writing demands, problem Paper solving, speaking, ethics, and orientation to the university/college/majorsSoph. ME 201 – ThermodynamicsYear Student communication survey, refresher for past grammatical expertiseJunior ME 332 – Fluid Mechanics ME 371 – Machine Design IYear Laboratory Reports: (Approx. 9 @ 4-6 pages each) Short Technical Reporting Brief narrative of procedure

Conference Session

Accreditation, Program Evaluation, and Education Resource's Impact in Latin America

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erick Jones, University of Texas, Arlington; Vettrivel Gnaneswaran, University of Wisconsin-Platteville; Beatriz Murrieta, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Queretaro

Tagged Divisions

International

, and is one of the best universities in Mexico.The Tecnológico de Monterrey has more than 126,000 registered students and almost 8,000faculty members on its 33 Campuses. The Tecnológico de Monterrey has been accredited by theSouthern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). The mission of Tecnológico deMonterrey is to: form persons with integrity, ethical standards and a humanistic outlook, who areinternationally competitive in their professional fields and will, at the same time, be goodcitizens committed to the economic, political, social, and cultural development of theircommunity and to the sustainable use of natural resources. Given these missions, Tecnológicode Monterrey and its community are committed to contributing to the

Conference Session

Topics in Biomass and Gasification Processes

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wookwon Lee, Gannon University; Harry R. Diz, Gannon University

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

. Figure 15. A snapshot of the Control screen of the CCM4. Assessment of Student Learning OutcomesStudent learning outcomes were assessed throughout the project duration in each department aspart of its own senior design course. As in senior design courses at most institutions, the studentlearning outcomes in the senior design in the three departments typically were assessed on some ofthe key ‘a thru k’ ABET-defined student learning outcomes such as a) ability to apply knowledgeof mathematics, science, and engineering, b) ability to design and conduct experiments, c) abilityto design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs, d) ability to function onmultidisciplinary teams, f) understanding of professional and ethical responsibility

Conference Session

Capstone Design and Innovations in ECE

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

George York, U.S. Air Force Academy; Erlind George Royer, Academy Center for Unmanned Aircraft Systems Research, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, USAF Academy, CO; Daniel Harold Harold; Daniel D. Jensen, U.S. Air Force Academy

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

PowerPoint Slides on Risk Management, Configuration Management, andOther Considerations (Environ./political/social, Health/Safety, Economic, Manufacturability/Sustainability, Ethics)Area (weight) A Work B Work C Work UnsatisfactorySchedule: (70%)  Detailed and logically  Plan is complete  Significant tasks  Major PDR tasks linked set of tasks that with several missing missing thoroughly cover the minor issues with  Some tasks vague or  Schedule unusable activities required to task descriptions, not linked

Conference Session

Faculty and Course Evolution: Teaching With Technology, Online Delivery, and Addressing Emerging Student & Industry Needs

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eric Paul Pearson, Northrop Grumman, Electronic Systems; Timothy Boyd, Northrop Grumman Corporation; Noah Miller, Northrop Grumman, Electronic Systems

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

travel expense to foster the development of others. Key Attributes of a Bottom 3 Leader 1 High Ethical Standards - Personal & Professional 2 Visionary / Entrepreneurial approach to life 3 Excellent Communication skills 4 Community Service Volunteer 5 Passion to serve others 6 Embraces and shares feedback (team and individual) 7 Willingness to try and fail until success is attained 8 Mentors 9 A life-long learner 10 Truly On Call 24/7 11 Brings potential solutions when presenting problems 12| Views leadership as

Conference Session

The D/M/A of CE

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Libby Osgood P.Eng., University of Prince Edward Island and Dalhousie University; Clifton R Johnston, Dalhousie University; Andrew Trivett, University of Prince Edward Island

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

Page 23.26.11the cooking, and raised the children. When asked what the men do, the COR responded that they    spent much of their time in groups talking, when not working. During the first design review,nearly every group mentioned how the women do all of the work and the men are lazy. The CORfound these statements shocking and culturally insensitive but recognized that the statementstemmed from the COR praising the women for their amazing work ethic. What was not saidabout the men was heard as loudly as what was said about the women.One method to combat injecting biases included having additional community organizationmembers speak to the students. In addition to providing validation for the information that wasshared, showing the students