Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leanne Petry, Central State University; Margaret Pinnell, University of Dayton; M. Suzanne Franco, Wright State University; Brett Doudican, University of Dayton; Ahsan Mian; Raghavan Srinivasan, Wright State University

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Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

-college engineering education. It isdesigned to promote workforce development in science, technology, engineering, andmathematics (STEM) by intentional and purposeful engagement of grade K-12 educators in bothformal and informal learning environments as a means to increase reach and promote pre-collegeengineering education with a diverse number of students who in return are instilled with themindset to enroll, persist and graduate college with degrees in fields of science and engineering.The three specific goals or research topics for the RET programming are (1) to equip teacherswith the ability to transfer applied engineering research activities to their classrooms and developand disseminate new curriculum associated with these activities, (2

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Naderman, University of Wisconsin, Platteville; Lori Wedig, University of Wisconsin, Platteville

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NSF Grantees Poster Session

, and a champion who has a career in a STEM field work with the student to provideencouragement throughout their time in the program, while answering questions about courses,careers, and future opportunities. They also work with the student to help establish SMART(specific, measureable, attainable, realistic, and timely) short-term, mid-level, and long-termgoals.Table 1 identifies minimal expectations provided by their connections; however, we encouragescholars to reach out as much as they need to receive adequate input and guidance. Table 1. Scholarship Program Connections Role Contributions Academic Advisor  Works with student, by recommending courses to map out a

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Margaret Pinnell, University of Dayton; Richard Douglas Stock; Vanisa Turney

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

the culturally appropriate readingmaterials.IntroductionA child’s ability to read by the end of third grade is a critical predictor of their future successincluding high school graduation, earning potential and general productivity.1 Many states havepassed legislation requiring schools to identify at-risk readers and provide interventions to helpincrease the reading scores of these students.2, 3 For example, Ohio has the Third Grade ReadingGuarantee which requires that students achieve a minimum score on the Ohio AchievementAssessment (OAA) in order to advance to the fourth grade. Schools are using a variety ofdifferent intervention strategies to improve the reading skills of at risk readers. One suchstrategy is afterschool literacy programs

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jacquelyn Kay Nagel, James Madison University; Christopher Stewart Rose, James Madison University; Ramana Pidaparti, University of Georgia; Cheryl Lea Beverly, James Madison University; Peyton Leigh Pittman

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NSF Grantees Poster Session

interdisciplinary approaches will not only develop competencies of the 21stcentury engineer but also enable undergraduate students to become change agents and promote asustainable future.Research ApproachOur plan to develop and test instructional resources for transferring knowledge between biologyand engineering is outlined in Table 1.Table 1: Plan for incorporating biomimicry into design innovation Create and disseminate evidence-based instructional resources: a. Design instructional resources that help students to identify characteristics of engineering design problems that enable bio-inspired design (making the leap from engineering to biology). Objective 1 b. Design instructional

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Pistrui, University of Detroit Mercy; Nassif E. Rayess, University of Detroit Mercy

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

is a work-in-progress and presents a successful pilot of a new communitycentered engineering educational initiative. Five specific areas associated with launchingthis pilot prototype two-week DTSC are presented including:1. Processes, methods and techniques used to develop new curriculum.2. Pedagogy, instructional concepts, activities, outcomes and environments.3. Developing effective collaboration and community partnership models.4. Review of results, outcomes and assessment techniques employed.5. Insights and details on how to improve and develop high school STEM programs.Processes, Methods and TechniquesThe ability to offer cutting edge innovation, creativity and design curricula was madepossible by a ten-year investment on the part of

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carl A. Nelson P.E., University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Greg Bashford P.E., University of Nebraska, Lincoln

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

special emphasis areas.Several data collection modalities were used to provide formative feedback and overallassessment for the REU site. These included pre-program, post-program, and one-year follow-up surveys, student focus groups held at the midpoint and at the end of the 10-week program,and interviews with faculty and graduate student mentors. Results and interpretation of theseassessments follow.ResultsOne of the recruitment goals of the program was to attract underrepresented applicants. Our pre-program survey, which included demographic information, indicated that we were able to drawfrom female and non-Caucasian groups to a much greater extent compared to regional averages(in part, by recruiting nationally), as shown in Table 1. In

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alison K. Polasik, The Ohio State University; Alexandria Julius, The Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

. Data collected during this timedemonstrated a statistically significant increase in teacher content knowledge and an increase in their useof guided inquiry and active learning activities (Polasik, 2016). Evidence has shown that guided inquiryand active teaching methods are correlated to increases in students’ content knowledge and capacity forscientific thinking (Shouse et al., 2007; 2010).In the 2012 – 2015 academic years, the program monitored teacher use of materials science hands-onactivities and their effectiveness as one metric of the degree to which the PD was impacting theclassroom. As Figure 1, (Polasik, Daehn, and McCombs 2016) illustrates, the number of materials scienceactivities increased substantially. This increase was also seen

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carl A. Nelson P.E., University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Judith Marie Burnfield, Madonna Rehabilitation Hospitals' Institute for Rehabilitation Science and Engineering; Linxia Gu, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Adam Wagler, University of Nebraska-Lincoln; William Edward Dick, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

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NSF Grantees Poster Session

ofinstitution removed for review] by the beginning of the second semester provides an orientationto the client requirements. Several additional design reviews are held throughout the semester tokeep the design process aligned with the requirements. Sample projects are described as follows.Project 1: Fall-prevention walkerWalkers are often used to improve stability and promote mobility. However, most walkers havecertain usability limitations. Walkers without wheels need to be lifted at each step, and walkerswith wheels require brakes to avoid sliding out from under the user during a fall event. Handbrakes are not very useful because many users lack the hand strength to effectively use them. Afirst team of students designed a wheeled walker that included

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

D. Raj Raman, Iowa State University; Monica H. Lamm, Iowa State University; Sriram Sundararajan, Iowa State University; Kristina Maruyama Tank, Iowa State University; Anne T. Estapa, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

). Therefore, without a strong infrastructure supportingteacher professional preparation and development, simply adding new content is not likely toachieve the intended goals (Guzey et al., 2014).The authors of this work are affiliated with an NSF-funded STEM-C project STEM-C project inpartnership with the Des Moines Public Schools (Trinect) which deploys a new model of teacherpreparation through a multi-pronged, team-based approach. The project has completed threesemesters of activity involving cohorts of student teachers, cooperating teachers, and engineeringstudents. Through these efforts, we have observed several gaps in student teacher preparation,including: (1) understanding of the nature of engineering, (2) knowing the distinction andsynergy

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tarun Yellamraju, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University; Alejandra J. Magana, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Mireille Boutin, Purdue University

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NSF Grantees Poster Session

ourinitial progress and our proposed framework. This is a work in progress.IntroductionThe need for the math and science foundation in engineering students' education to incorporateless defined but necessary skills such as persistence and willingness to take calculated risks hasbeen acknowledged by many. In this paper, we give an executive summary of a project thatsupports this goal and describe our initial progress. Our work is an interdisciplinary study thatcombines methods from the learning sciences with machine learning techniques to characterizeundergraduate engineering students' “habits of mind”, which are modes of thinking required forSTEM students to become effective problem solvers capable of transferring such skills to newcontexts [1]. An

Conference Session

Biomedical Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elizabeth A. Logsdon, Johns Hopkins University; Robert Allen P.E., Johns Hopkins University; Nicholas J. Durr, Johns Hopkins University; Hien Nguyen, Johns Hopkins University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

, are not rigidly scheduled, and physician time is expensive andlimited. A team leader model, upon which our design program was conceived, can alleviate theseissues, reducing the logistical burden on clinical resources and enabling a peer education system(Figure 1).Team Leader Training CoursesWe employ a team leader model, where students apply and are interviewed by faculty to beselected as a leader nine months before the academic year. The process of selection is describedelsewhere (Allen 2013). In brief, students apply for the leadership position. Faculty selectleaders based on their academic and extracurricular records and an interview process. Wedeveloped two one-credit team leader courses to precede the traditional yearlong design

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jill K Nelson, George Mason University; Daria Gerasimova, George Mason University; Margret Hjalmarson, George Mason University; J. Reid Schwebach, George Mason University

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NSF Grantees Poster Session

institutions,Belnap and Allred reported that 75.5% of mathematics GTAs had such duties 1. However,despite the wide use of GTAs, their preparation to teach remains a concern. Indeed, the amountof training GTAs receive varies greatly across universities and departments. In some cases,training is not provided to them at all; when it is provided, it can take several forms. Mostcommonly, GTAs receive a short-term training prior to the beginning of the semester in whichthey are assigned with teaching responsibilities 2,3. Sometimes these trainings are accompaniedby workshops conducted throughout an academic year 4. Another type of GTA preparation iscourse-based 5–7. Here, GTAs are invited or required to complete a course on teaching basics –essentially, an

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gina Navoa Svarovsky, University of Notre Dame; Scott A. Pattison, Institute for Learning Innovation; Monae Verbeke, Institute for Learning Innovation; Marcie Benne, Oregon Museum of Science and Industry; Pam Greenough Corrie MS, Mt. Hood Community College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

developing pilot programs or activities, the team collected front-end data from Head Startparents and staff members in order to ensure that the project was aligned with the interests andneeds of the community and built on the prior experiences and funds of knowledge (González,Moll, & Amanti, 2005) of families and staff. The data collection was driven by three broadquestions, developed collaboratively across the partner organizations: 1) What are parents’ beliefs, attitudes, and interests related to engineering? 2) What funds of knowledge do parents and families bring to the experiences that can be integrated into the programs to make them more successful? 3) What opportunities and barriers exist for Head Start families that should

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephanie Butler Velegol, Pennsylvania State University; Jamie Glass

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

the program.Materials and MethodsWe used readily available materials for this outreach program. This includes buying a codingmouse and using free websites to learn coding language.Coding Mouse: We used the Learning Resources STEM Code & Go Robot Mouse Activity Set.This set is sold for $50 - $60 and is shown in Figure 1. v Figure 1: Learning Resources STEM Code & Go Robot Mouse Activity Set. This set includes a battery operated mouse that can be programmed to turn in four directions. The kit also include plastic maze grids and barriers for creating you own maze, suggested activity cards and double sided coding cards (see arrows in top left). This kit costs about $50 and the mouse alone costs about

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tatiana Melguizo, University of Southern California; Federick Ngo, University of Southern California

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

, 2014). Further, math diagnostics can also be a potentially valuable resource for mathfaculty and student support center personnel. In contrast to traditional standardized placementtests, math diagnostics can provide skill specific information about student math skills.1 Researchin middle schools, high schools, and community colleges demonstrates how diagnosticinformation can improve placement accuracy and help teachers tailor instruction in mathclassrooms (Ngo & Melguizo, 2016; Betts, Hahn, & Zau, 2011; Huang, Snipes, & Finklestein,2015). These findings indicate that while HSTs may be valuable for improving the efficiencyand effectiveness of math course placement, the combination of HSTs and diagnostics may beessential to

Conference Session

Student Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anahid Ebrahimi, University of Delaware; Jill Higginson, University of Delaware

Tagged Divisions

Student

concepts and science fiction medium used by students is listed in Table encourages students to take ownership of their learning [1]. There has been a recent push by the 1. Overall, students showed creativity in applying the biomechanical concepts (Figure 3). The American Society of Biomechanics (ASB), as evidenced by the first annual National Biomechanics instructor of record addressed any misconceptions and errors in the students’ biomechanical Day and 2016 K-12 Outreach Expo, to compile and present ‘hands-on’ biomechanics demonstrations analyses in a written comment with the grade. Despite varying projects, average total scores and lab activities to get K-12 school age

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alan D. Niemi, LeTourneau University; Jeff Johnson, LeTourneau University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

has sought to increaseengineering graduation rates from a five-year average of 42%, to 65% by increasing the 1st to 2ndyear retention from 68% to 85%. Each year the FIRE efforts have included all of the roughly140 “First time in college” (FTIC) students in LeTourneau University’s School of Engineeringand Engineering Technology (SEET) programs. An internal study and best-practices literaturereview prompted several initiatives beginning in 2010:1) implementing peer, faculty, and industrial mentoring for first-year students;2) implementing an engineering “freshman experience” class;3) implementing first-year engineering practice classes including professional topics and open-ended experimentation and design projects.First-year Interest Groups

Conference Session

Student Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Molly H. Goldstein, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Student

Communicating Making decisions Setting goals •  A mixed methods approach will be used to investigate designer 1 Conducting Tests Making trade-offs Sketching •  Hierarchical agglomerative clustering resulted in 5 groups student trade-off behavior using process data, artifact trade-off Evaluating Modeling Using

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrea M. Ogilvie P.E., Virginia Tech; David B Knight, Virginia Tech; Maura J. Borrego, University of Texas, Austin; Arturo A Fuentes, University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley; Patricia A. Nava P.E., University of Texas, El Paso; Valarie E. Taylor, Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

Transfer Student Pathways to Engineering Degrees: An Update on Project FindingsThe President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) documented the needto prepare more than 1 million additional STEM professionals in the U.S. workforce over thenext decade, primarily through efforts focused on increasing retention rates and diversifyingpathways. To meet this need, we must tap the entire domestic talent pool, includingunderrepresented minorities. According to data collected by the National Center for EducationStatistics, 57% of Hispanic students and 52% of African American students in undergraduateeducation during Fall 2014 were enrolled in 2-year public colleges. Given that more ethnic/racialminorities begin their pursuit

Conference Session

Student Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Golub, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Student

1. Practical, hands on approachgenerated with three core principles: 1) Low Cost, 2) Low Maintenance, Fan Input Velocityand 3) Concept Visualization. This is achieved through the following 2. Allows for design, build, and test opportunities for studentsdescription of the apparatus. The plexiglass chamber has a square base 3. Can be incorporated into multiple laboratory experimentswith a designated height. At the

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew W. Ohland, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Daniel M. Ferguson, Purdue University, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Misty L. Loughry, Rollins College; David Jonathan Woehr, University of North Carolina Charlotte

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NSF Grantees Poster Session

literature at all.Study 1 (completed): Frame-of-reference training (FORT) fosters learning a cognitive modelof teamworkPurpose of study: Study 1 measured the differences between trained and untrained participants inrecalling, recognizing, and categorizing team behaviors.Status of study: Participants were recruited to the experimental and control groups at UNCCharlotte and Purdue University for lab studies. Combined with Study 2 in publication below.Study 2 (completed): FORT and accountability make participants better ratersPurposes of study: (1) to show that participants with a more accurate cognitive model ofteamwork have better self- and peer-evaluation skills than untrained participants as measured bytheir ability to accurately classify teamwork

Conference Session

Student Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erdogan Kaya, University of Nevada, Las Vegas; Anna Danielle Newley, Sonoran Schools; Hasan Deniz, University of Nevada, Las Vegas; Ezgi Yesilyurt, University of Nevada, Las Vegas

Tagged Divisions

Student

Eleven PSTs participated in this study. All participants were female, with (Table 1). Overall, the number of PSTs who held uninformed oris raised to the level of scientific inquiry. Both pre-service teachers and in- engineering, can easily attain the skills and confidence needed to integrate an average age of 21 years, and with varying degrees of engineering partially informed NOE views declined and the number of PSTs whoservice teachers should be exposed to engineering design through engineering into elementary science classes. Teachers have

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carolyn A. Nichol, Rice University; Alice Chow, Rice University; Carrie Obenland, Rice University; Christina Anlynette Alston, Rice University Office of STEM Engagement ; Carolina Avendano, Rice University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #19269Nanotechnology Research Experience for Teachers Enhancing STEM Educa-tionDr. Carolyn A. Nichol, Rice University 1. Horhota, S.T., and Aitken, C.L. Multivariate cluster analysis of pharmaceutical formulation data using Andrews plots. J. Pharm. Sci., 1991, 85-90. 2. Aitken, C.L., McHattie, S.J. and Paul, D.R. Dynamic me- chanical behavior of polysulfones. Macromolecules, 1992, 25:1910-2922, 3. Aitken, C.L., Koros, W.J., and Paul D.R. Gas transport properties of biphenol polysulfones. Macromolecules, 1992, 25:3651-3658, 4. Aitken, C.L., Koros, W.J., and Paul, D.R. Effect of structural symmetry on gas transport

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marie C Paretti, Virginia Tech; Daria A Kotys-Schwartz, University of Colorado Boulder; Susannah Howe, Smith College; Julie Dyke Ford Ph.D., New Mexico Tech; Benjamin David Lutz, Virginia Tech; Kevin Kochersberger, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Chris Gewirtz, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Laura Mae Rosenbauer, Smith College; Sidharth Arunkumar, New Mexico Tech

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

students’ experiences as they leave their capstone(aka senior) design courses and enter engineering workplaces. The project is currently in itsinitial phase, with instrument development and pilot testing currently underway.Multiple studies show significant gaps between school and work with respect to engineeringpractice 1-3. That gap is clear, for example, in a recent American Society of MechanicalEngineering (ASME) survey that found weaknesses among new graduates in skills includingpractical experience, systems perspectives, project management, problem solving, and design 4, 5.Equally important, industry supervisors identified such gaps more frequently than early careerengineers or academic department heads 4, reinforcing Stevens et al.’s claim

Conference Session

Student Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jordan E. Trachtenberg, Rice University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Student

UniversityABSTRACT LEARNING FRAMEWORKS AND ASSESSMENT METHODS PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS Research Questions: 1) Situated cognition: Writing in engineering as apprenticeship Approach feedback effectively: 1

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicole Berge, University of South Carolina; Charles E. Pierce, University of South Carolina; Robert Petrulis

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

nanomaterial properties (e.g.,surface area, surface chemistry), as well as potential issues associated with nanomaterial disposal(e.g., transport in waste environments, health concerns).Rather than teach a singular elective course on nanotechnology, it was decided to distribute andintegrate the content across multiple courses. This paper describes the implementation of thatintegrated theme within a civil and environmental engineering curriculum. The integratedapproach is referred to as a Nanotechnology LINK, which stands for Learning Integration ofNew Knowledge (Pierce and Berge 2014). The proposed benefits of this approach are that (1)student learning of nanotechnology concepts and course-specific core concepts are simultaneousand connected, such

Conference Session

Make It!

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Barham, New Caney ISD; Sheng-Jen Hsieh, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

Packaging Machine Simulator for Teaching Ladder Logic ProgrammingAbstractThis paper describes the results of an instructional pilot in programmable logic controller (PLC)programming in the ladder-logic language. As an extra-credit opportunity, students were invitedto participate in a programming activity in ladder-logic that consisted of the following: 1) a pre-instructional assessment of prior knowledge, (2) an online slideshow presentation that introducesPLCs, including future training and employment opportunities, (3) an online post-instructionalassessment of acquired knowledge, and (4) an opinion survey designed to measure studentdemand for a course that teaches industrial automation. These data were meant to be shared

Conference Session

Make It!

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathan Delson, University of California at San Diego; Jesse DeWald, UC San Diego; Alex Tunchez, UC San Diego; Sebastian Bommer, UC San Diego

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

engineer, educator and entrepreneur. As director of the EnVision Arts & Engineering Maker Studio at UC San Diego, he works directly with faculty and instructors, and empowers students to use the studio to the fullest extent possible. He is committed to the Experience Engineering initiative that strives to implement hands-activities beginning on day 1 of engineering programs. Before joining UC San Diego in 2015, DeWald helped design and implement a fast-growing, NSF-funded engineering education program for high school students. DeWald has more than nine years of industry work experience in research and development, large-scale manufacturing and product design. DeWald earned his mechanical engineer degree at The

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ramin Madarshahian, University of South Carolina; Chao Chen; Juan M Caicedo, University of South Carolina; A. Steve McAnally, University of South Carolina; Charles E. Pierce, University of South Carolina; Gabriel Terejanu, University of South Carolina

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

fall as compared to the spring. Three short quizzes were distributed: quiz 1was comprised of 2 questions; quiz 2 was effectively comprised of 1 question; and quiz 3 wascomprised of 3 questions. The maximum number of student answers, or counts, is 222 based ona total of 6 questions in a class of 37 students. Due to student absences, the actual count was171.The second quiz was designed with a maximum of 4 questions. The first question was requiredof all students; one or more of the remaining 3 questions were assigned to a small group ofstudents. These assignments were based on their selection of incorrect answers to questions onquiz 1. However, this population was small, yielding just 5 additional counts. Student absencesfor quiz 1 and/or 2

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bradley Bowen, Virginia Tech; Alan R. Kallmeyer, North Dakota State University; Holly Hermine Erickson, North Dakota State University College of Engineering

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

program are referred to as “solitary STEM teachers” in ruralNorth Dakota (ND) and western Minnesota (MN). This definition is due to these teachers beingthe only mathematics or science teacher in their school building. With 99.7% of the statecategorized as rural, North Dakota has the fourth-largest percentage of rural area by state whileMinnesota’s western portion, consisting of the Northwest Valley and Southwest Corn Beltregions, is among the most rural of the state, consisting of only 8.6% of Minnesota’spopulation[1]. It is common for schools to be separated by 30-40 miles or more across rural NDand MN. Therefore, teachers in these areas are typically the only teacher in their content area andlack the support, resources, and professional