, economic and political systems are ultimately based on a moralfoundation. This principles-based leadership4 approach not only enhances our effectiveness, butalso creates a healthy society that will judge professionals by their contributions to humankind.Applied ethics teach problem solving by examining cause and effect relationships and analyzingcases by analogies. As an example, the VCR framework9 developed at Carnegie-Mellonuniversity, considers the values and virtues (V’s) of a person and an organization, provides a wayfor one to evaluate consequences and prepare contingency plans (C’s), and more importantlyputs the burden of responsibility on those who claim rights (R’s). A leadership style thatanalyzes decisions based on a VCR analysis will