Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chadia A. Aji, Tuskegee University; M. Javed Khan, Tuskegee University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

from the PAF College of Aeronautical Engineering, Pakistan. His research interests include aircraft design, experimental aerodynamics, and engineering education. Page 23.1304.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Using a UAV to Teach Undergraduates Math and Aircraft PerformanceAbstractHands-on activities based pedagogies have been determined to be effective in motivating andenhancing understanding of complex engineering concepts in undergraduate education. The useof laboratory exercises supporting theoretical concepts in the classroom

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session 2

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

M. Christopher Cotting, United States Air Force Test Pilot School

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

an unsafe condition, whereas pilots must realize the complex coordinationthat is occurring on the ground in a control room, and the need to have efficient and optimizedtests to minimize programmatic costs.Curriculum Execution Challenges Page 26.193.11Each student day allows for 3 to 4 hours of academic instruction, with 1 to 2 flight events alsoscheduled during that day. A simulation laboratory, instructor feedback session, or oral reportmay take the place of a flying event as required. An academic event will often last 3 to 5 days,with a test given at the end of an event. Each academic event is part of a larger course that alsoincludes

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martin Morris, Bradley University; Scott Post, Bradley University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

), which was built at the Langley Laboratory in 1921-1923. This was the first wind tunnel Page 15.594.3that could operate at pressures higher than atmospheric, which allowed higher Reynolds numbersto be achieved at lower velocities. By the 1940’s supersonic wind tunnels were in use, eventhough Chuck Yeager had not yet broken the sound barrier. In 1972 a cryogenic wind tunnel wasbuilt at NASA Langley by injecting liquid nitrogen into the wind tunnel to cool the gas. Thislowered the viscosity and increased the Reynolds number, and this tunnel had the capability tomatch Reynolds and Mach numbers simultaneously up to Mach 1.2. Today the largest

Conference Session

Integrative Projects in Aerospace Engineering

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Abhijit Nagchaudhuri, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore; Madhumi Mitra, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore; Carolyn Brooks, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore; Tracie Earl, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore; Gabriel Ladd, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore; Geoffrey Bland, NASA Goddard Space Flignt Center's Wallops Flight Facility

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

University in 1981. Bland is a member of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes, Observational Science Branch, located at Wallops Island VA. Primary research activities are focused on the development and utilization of uninhabited aerial vehicles (UAVs) and associated sensors for Earth science related measurements. Previous© American Society for Engineering Education, 2006 assignments include mission management and engineering support of sub-orbital sounding rocket and aircraft borne experiments. Bland has also served on the UMES Engineering and Engineering Technology Advisory Committee since 1995

Conference Session

Aerospace Student Projects, Engineering Design and Research

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kuldeep S Rawat, Elizabeth City State University; Chandra Bhushan Asthana P.E., Elizabeth City State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

integrate modern educational technology tools and inquiry-basedhands-on learning activities to reinforce science and mathematical concepts required to enterSTEM careers, especially high-demand and emerging field of drone technology.Students learned about potential college and career opportunities and why a background inadvanced science and mathematics is crucial to achieving these careers. However, a balancemust be met for providing a rigorous informal academic environment for the students whileallowing them to enjoy the program’s activities so that they will remember the experiencepositively and perhaps consider STEM-related degrees and careers. We met this challenge bysupplementing classroom instruction with exposure to laboratory and field-based

Conference Session

Undergraduate Spacecraft Design II

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Brown, U.S. Air Force Academy; Lynnane George, U.S. Air Force Academy

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

. Figure 3: EyasSat3 The complete satellite measures 20x20x25 cm and weighs approximately 2.3 kg, making it easy to transport between the laboratory and the classroom. It was designed to be taken apart and reassembled many times. This has enabled over 1,700 students around the

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Johnson, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

budgeted for the project versus the actual hoursand dollars spent.The use of standards is emphasized by the instructor of AT497. All of the projects in the coursemust use a form of FMEA. The students may choose to use either an SAE standard or the FAAhandbook method known as FMECA 6. The teams identify the choice of method in the proposalin the X. Procedures section, in the description of the Measure phase effort. This paper focuseson the use of SAE standards for PFMEA.One of the projects completed in spring 2009 involved a process improvement for the operationof a dynamometer in the engines laboratory. The team used SAE J1739 and the SOD scalesprovided in the standard. Another team used the standard in their project to improve a compositelayup

Conference Session

Spacecraft Design Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sanjay Jayaram, Saint Louis University; Michael A. Swartwout, Saint Louis University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

often aconsequence of our reaction to failures1. Hazard analysis which relies on engineering practiceand judgment to identify, classify, and manage risk has continued to have an important role inforeseeing and preventing critical system failure2, 3 . Failure’s role in engineering; including itsvalue in design, design revisions and failure as a source of engineering judgment has beenstudied4, 5. The continued failure of important complex systems has led to assess the question asto how the systems fail despite everything thought to be necessary in the way of process beingdone6.Several engineering curriculums do offer courses based on either laboratories or case studies tounderstand the importance of failures in design as a teaching aid7, 8, 9, 10

Conference Session

Design Courses 1, Teaching Tools

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Justin Charles Major, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Tyler Tallman, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

GraduateResearch Fellowship (DGE-133486). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions orrecommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflectthe views of the National Science Foundation.References[1] A. F. Grandt Jr., Fundamentals of structural integrity: Damage tolerant design and nondestructive evaluation. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2004.[2] M. Usmen, J. Raad, and H. Aktan, “A laboratory for non-destructive evaluation of civil structures,” in 1997 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition, 1997, pp. 1–13, doi: 10.18260/1-2--6661.[3] G. Ellis, “Grand challenges for engineering,” IEEE Eng. Manag. Rev., vol. 37, no. 1, p. 3, 2009, doi: 10.1109/EMR

Conference Session

Learning in a Socially-Distanced Environment

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Waterloo Tsutsui, Purdue University; Eric J. Williamson, Purdue University; Kenneth Park, Purdue University; Michael David Sangid, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

: How can we incorporate virtual technologies as a part of effectivepedagogy?3. Course ContextAt Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, we have two aerospace structurescourses that use VLs: AAE 20401 Aeromechanics II and AAE 35201 Structural Analysis I. ForAAE 20401, please review our previous publication [1] on how we implemented the VLs. In thesection below, we will talk about AAE 35201 VL implementation that occurred during theSpring 2020 semester (January 2020–May 2020). The lecture for the AAE 35201 lab course iscalled AAE 35200, which is described in the separate publications [15], [16].Description of the CourseAAE 35201, Structural Analysis I, is a one-credit laboratory (lab) course in aerospace structuralmechanics at

Conference Session

Undergraduate Space Design and Project Courses

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Debbie Mullins, Texas Space Grant Consortium; Wallace Fowler, University of Texas at Austin

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

– resulting in 131 mentor/team pairings since 2002.Research groups providing topics and mentors for the upcoming Spring 2008 are representativeof the units that typically work with Design Challenge teams: • Space Shuttle Systems Engineering and Integration Office • Constellation Program Office • University of Texas Center for Space Research with the JSC Exploration Office • Habitability and Human Factors Branch, Space Food Systems Laboratory • Biomedical Systems Branch, Systems Architecture and Integration Office • Propulsion Branch, Energy Systems Division • NASA Headquarters, Advanced Capabilities Division • EVA Technology Development Group, Crew and Thermal Systems Division • NASA Exploration Systems Mission

Conference Session

Hands-on Activities and Student Learning in Aerospace Engineering - II - Student Papers

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Cook; Maxim G. Strehle; Jonathan William Schaefer , Saint Louis Rocket Propulsion Lab; T. Alex Ambro, Saint Louis University; William Hiser; Andrew Riddle; Sanjay Jayaram, Saint Louis University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

sciences courses. He has published several peer reviewed journal and conference papers in these areas. His research areas are space systems, robust fault tolerant control, nonlinear control, adaptive control, small spacecraft design, high performance spacecraft components, mechatronics, real-time health monitoring, and diagnostic methodology. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2019 Student Activities, Research and Development in High-Power Rocket Propulsion and Systems EngineeringAbstractThe Rocket Propulsion Laboratory at Saint Louis University primarily focuses on student-run,undergraduate research in high-power propulsion system design and development as well asdesign

Conference Session

Innovations in Curriculum, Projects, and Pedagogy in Aerospace Engineering Education

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aaron W. Johnson, University of Michigan; Jessica E S Swenson, University of Michigan

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

University ofMichigan, students are required to take 41 credits of engineering science courses (32% of thetotal credits required for graduation) and only 19 credits of design and laboratory courses (14.8%of total credits). Furthermore, of the 11 current ABET Student Outcomes only one of these, a) anability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering, directly speaks to thecontent of these engineering science courses [1].Despite the prominence of engineering science courses in the curriculum, these courses havebeen studied less in engineering education research than design courses [2]. Ideally, theseengineering science courses should give students the theoretical background that they can applyin engineering design courses, on student

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session 2

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Masoud Rais-Rohani, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

understandingof the manufacturability requirements when it comes to selecting a dimension for each part of thecross-section. Although it is easy to draw a shape with any dimensions, its fabrication may bedifficult or impossible using the specified sheet-forming process. Issues such as this can easilygo unnoticed unless the manufacturing process is a part of the engineering design activity.The student fabricated column concepts A and B are tested using a servo-hydraulic testingmachine in a laboratory. The measured axial compressive failure loads (min, max, mean) arecompared with the analytical prediction for each design concept. Also, various responsecharacteristics such as local buckling would be easy to observe during testing for comparison ofthe

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Narayanan M. Komerath, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

Paper ID #8072A Case Study on Advancing Learning in An Upper-Level Engineering CourseDr. Narayanan M. Komerath, Georgia Institute of Technology Professor Dr. Narayanan Komerath is a professor of Aerospace Engineering at Georgia Institute of Tech- nology, and director of the Experimental Aerodynamics and Concepts Group and the Micro Renewable Energy Systems Laboratory. He has over 300 publications, over 120 of them peer-reviewed. He holds three U.S. patents, and has guided fifteen Ph.D.s, more than 50 M.S.s and more than 160 undergraduate research special problem projects. He is a former chair of the Aerospace Division

Conference Session

Design Courses 2, Aerospace Assets

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Cristhian David Coronel, Nihon Gakko University; Mayra Luján Mosqueda, Nihon Gakko University; Blas Fernando Vega BV, Agencia Espacial del Paraguay; Diego Herbin Stalder, Universidad Nacional de Asunción; Jorge H. Kurita, Universidad Nacional de Asunción

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

appointedto lead the research department of the School of Engineering. From 2017 he is appointed to be the head ofthe Mechanical Engineering Department at Universidad Nacional de Asuncion. He is currently workingas the director of the Planning Directorate of the Paraguayan Space Agency. American c Society for Engineering Education, 2021 Building 1U CubeSat as a Tool to Promote Project-Based Learning in Paraguay, a case studyIntroductionIn Paraguay, various higher education institutions such as universities do not have properlyequipped engineering laboratories because it requires a significant investment [1]. Also, theselaboratories may require extensive infrastructure

Conference Session

Aerospace Design and Manufacturing (Student Papers)

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Braden K. Oh, Olin College of Engineering; Justin Haruaki Kunimune, Olin College of Engineering; Jonah Spicher, Olin College of Engineering; Lauren Anfenson, Olin College of Engineering; Rebecca Christianson, Draper Labs

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

astrong electric field to create thrust. The HET is used for many modern space applications, fromstation-keeping on small satellites to long-term travel to faraway asteroids.Electric propulsion, and specifically the HET, integrates many concepts that are fundamental in anundergraduate education such as electricity and magnetism (E&M), material properties, thermalanalysis, and laboratory experimentation. However, the HET is rarely studied below the graduatelevel. As such, we present a path of feasibility for an undergraduate electric propulsion projectbuilding a small, low-power HET, both as a novel vehicle for engaging with introductory physicsconcepts and as a case study of an advanced self-directed project at the undergraduate level.In this

Conference Session

Approaches to Emerging Topics

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ron Madler, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University-Prescott; Phillip Anz-Meador, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University-Prescott; Karl Siebold, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University-Prescott

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

, Figure 2.6communications, etc. TheSpring ‘04 capstone design class condensed all three groups into one group, indicative of theincreased work-load associated with hardware & software engineering vs. “paper studies”.Salient features of all three team’s preliminary designs, including the PVDF debris payload, wereincorporated into the capstone product, the Orbital Debris Detector satellite (ODDSat) (Figure2.6). Students tested the PVDF payload through actual impacts in a laboratory. The studentsused available NASA Engineering computer models to estimate projectile speed, size, anddirectionality. One important feature of the university environment is the capacity to serve as a repositoryof knowledge and to develop this knowledge base. In

Conference Session

Aerospace First-Year Project-Based Learning

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alok K. Verma, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

AC 2011-876: IMPACT OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING IN INTRO-DUCTION TO ENGINEERING/ TECHNOLOGY CLASSAlok K. Verma, Old Dominion University Dr. Alok K. Verma is Ray Ferrari Professor and, Director of the Lean Institute at Old Dominion Univer- sity. He also serves as the Director of the Automated Manufacturing Laboratory. Dr. Verma received his B.S. in Aeronautical Engineering from IIT Kanpur, MS in Engineering Mechanics and PhD in Mechanical Engineering from ODU. Prof. Verma is a licensed professional engineer in the state of Virginia, a certi- fied manufacturing engineer and has certifications in Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma. He has orga- nized several international conferences as General Chair, including ICAM-2006

Conference Session

Solid and Structural Mechanics in Aerospace Engineering

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rani W. Sullivan, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

piloted aircraft (OPA) shown in Fig. 15. ManyMississippi State University students are familiar with this aircraft as it is housed at the RaspetFlight Research Laboratory. Elements of this research study were integrated over the semester atappropriate times.In the following sections, the overall program development, objectives of the study and adiscussion linking ABET student outcomes to student learning are presented. A brief descriptionof the wing vibration research is given, along with student activities that use the results of thisresearch. A complete summary showing the integration of this research in class topics is shownin Appendix A.II. Program Development, Learning Objectives, and Relationship to ABET OutcomesVibrations

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth W. Van Treuren, Baylor University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

. At Baylor University, he teaches courses in laboratory techniques, fluid mechanics, energy systems, and propulsion systems, as well as freshman engineering. Research interests include renewable energy to include small wind turbine aerodynamics and experimental convective heat transfer as applied to HVAC and gas turbine systems. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2018 Applying Active Learning to an Introductory Aeronautics ClassAbstractAn elective, Introduction to Aeronautics, has been a traditional lecture course at BaylorUniversity teaching aeronautics from a design perspective. In Spring 2017, active learning wasintroduced to make the course more interactive and hold students

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session 3

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hüseyin Sarper, Old Dominion University; Linda Vahala, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

discusses a major group project using model rockets in atwo-hour per week laboratory that is a part of a two-credit course in exploration of engineeringand technology at the Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia.Introduction:A model rocket is a combined miniature version of real launch and space vehicles. Once amodel rocket leaves the launcher, it is a free body in air. Model rockets have been used asprojects before. Boyer et al. [1] report a similar project for sophomore aerospace engineeringstudents. Figure 1 shows a cross section of a ready to launch model rocket with a B6-4 solidengine. Page 26.1643.2Figure 1. Single stage model rocket with

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David B Kanipe, Texas A&M University; Kristi J. Shryock, Texas A&M University; Jacques C. Richard, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

camp, and suggestions forimprovement. Providing the students exposure to unique world-class research laboratories wasdeemed important in the initial planning of the camp. Laboratory tours with high interaction andless repetition were easily the most popular tours. While the feedback received on some labswas negative, it was not interpreted as a sign that the particular lab tour should be discontinuedbut rather that it needed to be retooled. An example would be having the students observe robotsmoving in one of the labs versus the excitement generated when students were able to control therobots. On the other hand, the lab where students were allowed to handle research materialsseemed to make more of an impression. Visiting wind tunnels was

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lulu Sun, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach; Matthew Kindy, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach; Caroline Liron, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach; Christopher D. Grant, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach; Shirley Anne Waterhouse, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

significantchanges was switching from programming in C to programming in MATLAB in the fall of 2009,since MATLAB has become the major language used in various engineering disciplines forproblem solving [1, 4, 5]. Following this, the course changed its meeting time from three times aweek to four times a week. It now uses a 2+2 format: two days of lecture per week, with eachlecture day followed by laboratory time to facilitate material understanding by hands-on practice. Page 25.705.2Approximately 120 students will attend one-hour lecture in an auditorium. The following day,students attend a small lab session, usually 26 students, to allow more contact with

Conference Session

Aerospace Curriculum and Collaborations

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Valana L. Wells, Arizona State University; Jenefer Husman, Arizona State University; Praveen Shankar, Arizona State University; Wen-Ting Chung, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

stimulate students’ interest in learning course material since they would viewthe content as more useful to them in their future careers. Prior studies have concluded thatconventional teaching methods in university engineering courses undermine students’ motivationto persist in pursuing an engineering career2-4.The first course in aerodynamics is taught during the first semester of the junior year and isscheduled for three hours of lecture and two hours of laboratory each week. Students have takena first course in thermofluids as a prerequisite. The course is required for all students in theaeronautics concentration of the aerospace engineering major. Most of the students in theastronautics concentration also take the course along with a few

Conference Session

Aerospace Curriculum and Collaborations

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sanjay Jayaram, Saint Louis University, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology; Michael Swartwout, Saint Louis University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

). The competition is also sponsored by the NavalResearch Laboratory (NRL) and the National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration (NASA). The CanSat competition is a space-related program forcollege, university and high school students. The objective of the CanSatcompetition is to complete space exploration missions by designing a specificsystem for a small sounding rocket payload according to a set of yearlyobjectives, such as landing in a designated area, performing remote sensingobservations during flight, and incorporating lander and/or rover payloads. Thecompetition spans the complete mission life-cycle (mission definition to flightoperations) in nine months. Roughly 20 schools per year begin the competition,and around a dozen complete the

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dennis K. McLaughlin, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Sven Schmitz, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Irene B Mena, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

in a pair of looselyconnected undergraduate Aerospace Engineering courses that integrate teaching and research.The first one-third of each course is devoted to conventional lectures and/or laboratory exerciseswith computer interfaced data acquisition systems. The latter two-thirds focus on design andresearch projects in Aerospace Engineering with a few lectures interspersed. The teachingmethod has some unique characteristics: i) Undergraduates gain a research experience byworking in small groups of two or three students supervised by a volunteer graduate studentresearch mentor, ii) The particular research project is developed by the course instructors and thevolunteer graduate student research mentor in advance of the course as one related

Conference Session

Integrative Projects in Aerospace Engineering

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joel Weinstein, Northeastern University; Randy August, Northeastern University; Len Dow, Northeastern University; Jerome Tapper, Northeastern University; Francis Di Bella, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

thisacademic change to add more technical electives, and more laboratory sessions for somecourses as well as to revamp the course content of many other of its existing courses.Among the courses that were revamped was the Introduction to Product Design andDesign Laboratory courses.One of the major changes was to eliminate these two courses, one of which was offeredonly to mechanical engineering technology seniors. These courses were replaced with Page 11.38.2two courses that are offered to all seniors and that provided more content to all of thegraduating students. This led to the integration of the Capstone Senior Design Projectcourse for all of the

Conference Session

Aerospace Engineering Education

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Antonette T. Cummings P.E., Purdue University, West Lafayette; William C. Oakes, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Carla B. Zoltowski, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

Conference Session

Learning in a Socially-Distanced Environment

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Wm. Michael Butler, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Kenneth Reid, University of Indianapolis

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

function effectively on a team whose members together provide leadership, create a collaborative and inclusive environment, establish goals, plan tasks, and meet objectives [6]Programs necessarily define points within the curriculum where these outcomes are included incoursework. In some cases, these are included in coursework in ways where there may not be anatural fit in a typical lecture or lecture/laboratory course, or that appear to be contrived.Teamwork may consist of students put into groups based on proximity, with minimal instructionin how to effectively operate as a team; while this is indeed working within a group, it isarguably not effective teamwork [7]-[9]. Effective communication often consists of in-classpresentations