work that they could include in their design portfolio, whichwas not a concern voiced during iteration 2. Of course, many of these differences in attitudescould be due to reasons unrelated to the course structure and delivery, such as the personalities ofthe students.The biomedical engineering students’ attitudes, captured only from iteration 2, were generallyvery positive, with most of the negative opinions isolated to the two groups who were pairedwith the weakest performers from the product design class. The results overall suggested that thecollaboration was a more positive experience for the biomedical engineering students than theproduct design students. This is reflected in the responses to the final question about whetherthey would
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empathetic communication. A systematic review found that simulation-basedinterventions that are both immersive and experiential were the most effective method ofempathic education [32]. In a scoping review of empathy in nursing students, simulationincreased empathy levels and confidence, and is deemed beneficial for enhancing empathyawareness, sensitivity, and decreasing negative emotions [31].Empathy is central to the nursing role, fostering and promoting the therapeutic nurse-patientrelationship. Empathetic nursing care requires self-reflection, mindfulness, giving of oneself, andviewing the patient as a whole. Empathy allows patients to feel validated, understood, andrespected. Collaboration and communication between nursing and engineering is