representative and diverse segment of the overall American population1.In this work we define retention the customary way, that is, by the number of first-time, full-timestudents that graduate from the institution within 6 years. Much past research on retention hasfocused on students who leave engineering (so-called “non-persisters”) and what caused theirdeparture. For example, Marra et al.2 shows students of both genders tend to drop out ofengineering primarily for two reasons: 1) the curriculum is too challenging and the quality ofteaching too poor, and 2) students don’t believe they belong. Page 24.997.2Ohland et al.3 present an extensive analysis of
number of women inNTT roles in the academe. West and Curtis (2006, p 9) state that “women are significantly over-represented in these non-tenure track positions, [which are] the least secure, least remunerative,and least prestigious jobs among the full-time faculty” making up 52% of full time faculty in thisgroup.5 Hart (2011) calls for a need to understand the climate for women in these roles in orderto create an environment that cultivates success and respect.4 Chronister and Baldwin (1999)and Baldwin and Chronister (2001) studied the work life of full-time NTT faculty (men andwomen) at four-year institutions through the use of surveys, secondary data (National Survey ofPostsecondary Faculty), and faculty interviews.1-2 Hart (2011) summarized
to fitwithin this suite of development activities at the institution. The suite of programs includes: Page 24.1044.2 • Leadership Academy (four 2 hour meetings, with a project): developed and led by the Provost’s Office, this initiative focuses on administrators new to the university and faculty new in administrative roles (department chair, associate dean). • Leadership Development Program (six 1 day meetings, with a project and executive coaching): led by the President’s Office and Human Resource Management, this program is offered to nominated faculty in administrative positions and senior staff who have been
mentoring program, we plan to keep running it for years to come, increasingthe number of mentees and mentors as well as deepening our surveys and assessment analysis.References:[1] National Science Foundation (NSF): National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES), Science and Engineering Indicators 2012—Chapter 2, Arlington, VA (2012). Available online: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind12/c2/c2s2.htm[2] B. L. Yoder, Databytes: Women in Engineering, ASEE Prism November (2013) 17-18. Available online: http://www.asee-prism.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Databytes-NOV2.pdf[3] L. Reha, M. Lufkin, L.Harrison, Nontraditional career preparation: root causes and strategies, National Alliance for Partnership in Equity
is the largest college within Drexel University, a large urbanUniversity located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The College of Engineering supports studentsin 5 engineering disciplines (Chemical and Biological Engineering; Civil, Architectural, andEnvironmental Engineering; Electrical and Computer Engineering; Materials Science andEngineering; Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics). In 2013 nearly 1100 students joined theCollege of Engineering Freshman class. Female students composed approximately 21% of theincoming class and approximately 9% of the incoming class was African American and Hispanicstudents (Table 1). The Summer Diversity program is the only program within the College ofEngineering that specifically targets underrepresented
and female. Gender is a social behavior embodying the sex 1. For example,the act of wearing a specific color based on ones sex is a gendered behavior. Sexuality isexpressing erotic desires, practices and identities 2. Generally sex, sexuality and gender havebeen differentiated; however there is no general consensus on how they are used. Beauvoir, whowas one of the first scholars to distinguish gender from sex, stated that gender is a sociallyconstructed identity that both women and men perform but neither are born with gender 1. Thisdistinction implies that sex is a biological category while gender is a social category. However,the distinction of sex and gender has also been argued to be unhelpful 3,4. Recent feminists,starting with Butler 5
stereotypes about women in engineering, men did reportmore endorsement (3.4 for men vs. 2.4 for women, with 7 representing strong endorsement)11.The shifting and often conflicting patterns with respect to women’s experiences in engineeringraise questions about how the climate has or has not changed, what strategies and structureswomen are leveraging to negotiate engineering culture, and what practices institutions should beemploying to continue to increase gender diversity in the field. Toward these ends, this paperpresents a qualitative study undertaking in conjunction with Jones et al.’s quantitative analyses10,11 to better understand women’s experiences in the contemporary engineering climate.Specifically, we address two questions: 1. Do women
a brief review on the disparities in technology transfer by gender, followedby responses from each of the panelists in the three later categories above. The goal of this paperis to archive the wisdom from this session for future reference.Disparities in technology transfer by genderGender gaps have been noted in the technology transfer arena 1. Stephan concludes that,“women are less likely to disclose than are men, less likely to patent, and less likely to engage inentrepreneurial activity, such as starting a company or serving on a scientific advisory board,”although rigorous quantification of the bias was left for future studies 1. In the medical schoolresearch community, women were as likely as men to report inventions although women
American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Pilot Study: An Exploration of the Experiences that Influence Women’s Interest, Pursuit, and Continued Involvement in STEM CareersAbstractWhile longitudinal studies that examine the effects of personal and environmental factors onwomen’s career motivation have been reported in the literature [1] [2], none have provideddepth or breadth of biographical interviewing over the time span of the last two decades. Manyintersecting variables have been identified by empirical research to account for women’scontinued underrepresentation in STEM careers, yet persistence, especially in computer scienceand engineering, remains an issue. Recent studies [3] [4
et al.2 shows students of both genders tend to drop out ofengineering primarily for two reasons: 1) the curriculum is too challenging and the quality ofteaching too poor, and 2) students don’t believe they belong.Ohland et al.3 present an extensive analysis of retention measures and student educationalexperiences at the undergraduate level. This paper uses the large, multi-institution datasetMIDFIELD (Multiple-Institution Database for Investigating Engineering LongitudinalDevelopment) which contains records of over 75,000 students in engineering during the years of1988 through 1998. Ohland and his colleagues3,4 determined that eight-semester persistence ishighly predictive of six-year graduation rates. But, using eight-semester persistence
careers; however,identifying and tracking these had not resulted in improved situations at most of thoseinstitutions.1 Prior to submitting the proposal similar documentation efforts had been ongoing atthe University of Maine. A 1992 internal report proposed ways to increase women faculty inscience and engineering. In 2003 the Office of Equal Opportunity concluded that for facultymembers hired in the 1980’s, men were significantly more likely to have been promoted toProfessor. One major issue identified in the literature involves the persistence of implicit biases,which are held by both women and men and which lead to individuals privileging male faculty
different major.IntroductionThere is strong evidence of student flexibility and vacillation around career options post-graduation from college. Specifically, a single interaction or experience (such as a co-op) cansometimes mean the difference between taking a job after graduation in engineering or anotherfield.1 Further, research suggests that cooperative education and internships result in increasedsocial and cultural capital of those who participate, which can contribute to their ability to secureemployment after graduation.2 Student perceptions of the engineering field, which can be shapedby undergraduate work experiences, can also impact persistence in engineering programs.3-7While there is a growing literature examining the relationship
to femalefaculty such as work-life balance. The strategies were organized into four categories: 1) changingculture (category contains five strategies, including “emphasize data-driven decision making”);2) building networks of support and information (three strategies, including “encourage informalnetworking among female STEM faculty”); 3) supporting work-life balance (three strategies,including “continue, clarify and enhance family-friendly policies”); and 4) other strategies tosupport female STEM faculty (five strategies, including “increase opportunities for femaleSTEM faculty to be officially recognized for their work”). The study has implications not onlyfor how ECU might better support female STEM faculty, but also how other
versus female participation. The pilot phase of the survey (administered to the FYC population) asked students fortheir gender and age, but it did not ask them for their race/ethnicity. During the second phase ofthe survey study (administered to grades 6-12), students were asked to share their race/ethnicityin addition to their gender and grade. In terms of race and ethnicity, the secondary schoolpopulation was representative of the population in this part of the country, but it was not diversecompared to the national population (Table 1). Participation across grade level was spread ratherevenly across the range of grades, but slightly dominated by high school students.Approximately 75% of the students were high school students in grade
developed. Gender and technology are ina symbiotic process constantly being reconstructed in a dynamic and relational manner with theindividual and the environment. The culture of technological work and its environment areassociated with masculinity and power, both on a personal and societal level,1 leaving femalesout of the equation and without influence, control or authority. Schooling, includingundergraduate engineering education, also reproduces gender divisions within educationalinstitutions, thereby reproducing these imbalances within the professional workforce.2By asking distinctive questions regarding how female undergraduate engineering studentsperceive and negotiate their gender identities in the male gendered environment of
of women in the technical professions of anengineering university has a number of advantages while presenting many problems. Among themany problems are the following: (1) a lack of career advancement for women in engineeringeducation; (2) a shortage of women in administrative positions with influence in the decisionmaking process; (3) the resurgence of chauvinistic stereotypes for women; and (4) the conflictbetween family and professional life.This paper explores the impact of gender bias in the Russian academic community and assessesthe obstacles for technically trained women in the male dominated Russian university.IntroductionSince 1917 and until the end of the Soviet era, the role of women was very important in theengineering and
propose an evaluation process for the programme. Thefindings will be used to provide guidelines for the engineering leadership developmentprogrammme design specifically for higher education in Southern Africa.1. IntroductionWomen in engineering programmes are a crucial part of a country‟s response to the need formore women in engineering 8. A South African comprehensive university based in PortElizabeth, in collaboration with the merSETA (manufacturing and services seta*) responded tothe need for more women engineers by initiating the Women in Engineering LeadershipAssociation (WELA) in 2011. The goals of WELA are to focus on academic, professional andpersonal development of women engineering students (WES). Two successful years of growthand
professionalorganization.Survey Methods/ResultsSurvey questionnaireThe leadership team wanted to begin to understand the involvement of women in the disciplinarysocieties and professional organizations. At the start of the grant, a survey was distributed totenure stream women faculty in Engineering, Natural Science and Social Science. The purposeof the questionnaire was 1) to collect data on the levels of disciplinary involvement of femalefaculty who are tenured and compare those to early career faculty, and 2) identify women whoare leaders in their disciplinary society (elected, appointed roles). All of the women invited toparticipate were promised a summary of the findings. Part of the ADVANCE leadership team’sgoals was to also use the results of the survey as an
learned a lot on thisproject; I didn't get a lot out of doing the project (reverse scored); My understanding of coursematerial was strengthened; I learned a lot by presenting it to others"). The items were rated on a7-point scale (1-strongly disagree, 7-strongly agree), and ratings were averaged to create acomposite self-perceived learning score.To complete the data set, general data was compiled on the student participants including age,citizenship, performance indicators including ACT/SAT scores, AP credit, course grade, GPA,and self-reported gender and race-ethnicity. These three data sets (video analysis, survey andgeneral data) were merged into a single database for analysis.Analysis was performed examining the roles adopted by each student
course coordinator for the freshman-level General Chemistry for Engineers as well as an instructor for Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics 1 and Chemical Engineering Kinetics at Northeastern. He also is the author of the recently-published textbook General Chemistry for Engineers.Lauren Gianino, Northeastern University Lauren Gianino graduated in May of 2012 from Northeastern University with a Bachelor’s Degree in Chemical Engineering. During her time at Northeastern, she held three co-op positions at Lockheed Martin, 1366 Technologies, and Genzyme and completed a summer REU program at UC Berkeley in Bioengineering. Lauren is currently employed at EMD Millipore as a Quality Engineer.Rachelle Reisberg, Northeastern
therefore not manychildren aspire to be an engineer. Authored by a Committee on Public Understanding ofEngineering Messages, “Changing the Conversation” was published in 2008.1 Slogans and taglines were tested for their appeal to adults, teens, underrepresented minorities, and females. Oneof the goals of this study was to attract young people to careers in engineering. “A betterunderstanding of engineering should encourage students to take higher level math and sciencecourses in middle school, thus enabling them to pursue engineering education in the future. Thisis especially important for girls and underrepresented minorities who have not historically beenattracted to technical careers in large numbers.”1 A better and more attractive understanding
campaign, it is the breaking of thestereotyping and proving one’s worth in contributing to a country’s economy, especially duringstrategic phases in its evolution, that displays some communality with the UAE’s currentsituation. It is this calling, to serve the UAE and Abu Dhabi society, which the WiSE women areresponding to. His Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the UAE andRuler of Abu Dhabi, affirms that: “Work is a true criterion of citizenship. It is evidence ofsincerity and loyalty. We all share the responsibility of building this country, protecting itssovereignty and safeguarding the gains.” This call seems to bring the best out in our WiSEstudents and alumnae.References 1. United in Ambition and Determinations
) in order to be compared with GPAand persistence data to be collected each semester. Figure 1 shows the results for each question(with the positive coding). 1 GRIT Scale Item Average Response 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 Total average 0.3 Female average Male average 0.2 0.1 0
the RCT, participants were asked to respond to two short open-endedscenarios, each depicting a commonly faced interpersonal communication scenario for womengraduate students. The first asked each participant to imagine that she had received criticalfeedback from her advisor, and the second asked the student to put herself in a situation in whichshe was confused by a comment made by her advisor about another student. These situationsdrew on the skills taught in two specific communication modules, namely, Receiving andResponding to Feedback and Active Listening for Question 1 and Question 2, respectively. TheAICS measured participant ability to illustrate how they would apply interpersonalcommunication skills in each scenario. Responses were
and transgender (LGBT) individuals in U.S.workplaces often face disadvantages in pay, promotion, and workplace experiences.1-7 It is stilllegal in many states to fire LGBT persons due to sexual identity or gender expression.8 Recentscholarship on the experiences of LGBT students and professionals suggests that thesedisadvantages may be particularly pernicious within science and engineering-related fields, giventhe patterns of heteronormativity and heterosexism documented therein.9-12 LGBT faculty inscience, technology, engineering and math (STEM)-related departments face harassment anddiscrimination, marginalization, and chilly departmental and classroom climates.10 In a study oftwo NASA centers, furthermore, LGBT professionals encountered
support for the belief that high schoolcontext is a crucial factor in determining future plans to pursue STEM.6,9 Currently, only 13% ofhigh school females express interest in STEM,16 and only 1%-4% express interest inengineering,8 but the gender gap can be reduced by 25% or more in schools which support girls’interests in STEM.9 Further, it has been shown that outreach programs targeting certain factorshave been effective for the recruitment of women to STEM.7 In literature, attempts to identify factors influencing recruitment and retention of women inSTEM have converged to several themes. The first major issue is that of actual versus perceivedability in STEM. Although mathematical abilities are now roughly equal for male and femalestudents
continue to be under-represented infaculties of engineering and engineering workplaces [1-4], a disparity that intensifies at eachstage of an engineers’ career [5, 6]. Our primary objective in this paper is to examine anunexpected finding emerging from our study of engineering leadership—the significant over-representation of men in engineers’ identification of exemplary leaders. We explore twopossible explanations for this finding—individual women’s disinterest in leadership andstructural constraints limiting their rise. We use a post-hoc statistical analysis to examine theformer and a focused literature review to generate hypotheses about the latter.MethodologyData for this paper was drawn from larger study on engineering leadership driven by
worker shortage can alsobe reduced.The National Center for Women in Computing (NCWIT) created the Pacesetters program as afast-track approach for addressing the gender gap in computing. The strategy recommendationsfrom the Pacesetters program are8: 1. Improve the first course experience 2. Create community and visibility 3. In reach (recruit women from within your organization) 4. Support and draw on female talent pools 5. Influence the influencers 6. Tap new pools of talentCIO magazine suggests the following six approaches for recruiting and retaining women in IT6: Page 26.1444.2 1. Provide paid parental leave for both men and
during their time at KansasState University would be paid off after graduation with an engineering degree. Students in thecontrol group were not told about the program. The initial grade point averages (GPAs), the finalGPA, graduation status, and demographic information were collected from all participants.Multiple statistical methods were used including independent t-test, repeated-measure analysis ofvariance, and chi-square test.We found that (1) while the experimental group and the control group as a whole were verysimilar in terms of their initial average GPAs, participants in the control group who successfullygraduated with an Engineering degree had statistically significantly higher baseline GPAs thanthose who did not graduate; by contrast
year general chemistry course. SIincludes group and one-on-one peer tutoring as well as instructor and teaching assistant officehours. Previous research has shown that participation in SI correlates with higher course grades,more confidence in course material, greater material retention, higher overall GPA, and greaterstudent retention and graduation rates. [1] Engaging students in SI, however, has been a persistentchallenge. For example, a previous study found only 40% of students enrolled in historicallydifficult classes (including general chemistry) took advantage of the SI provided. This studyfound participants in SI were more likely to have a final course grade of B or better and lesslikely to withdraw from the class. [2]Last year we