. Washington, DC: AAUW Educational Foundation. 1998. 6. Lupart, J.L., Cannon, E., & Telfer, J. “Gender differences in adolescent academic achievement, interests, values and life-role expectations.” High Ability Studies, 15(1), 25-42. 2004. 7. Post-Kammer, P., & Smith, P. L. Sex differences in career self-efficacy, consideration, and interests of eighth and ninth graders. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 32, 551-559. 1985. 8. Reimer, M.S. "Gender, Risk, and Resilience in the Middle School Context." Children and Schools, 24, 35- 47. 2002. 9. Schaefer, A. C. "G.I. Joe Meets Barbie, Software Engineer Meets Caregiver: Males and Females in B. C.’s Public Schools and Beyond." Vancouver, BC: British
distinguished, distinctly addressed, or overlap within andacross programs is difficult to assess given the variety educational models that exist. For thepurposes of this paper, entrepreneurship will be associated with the process of establishing a newbusiness venture.There is evidence, however, that exposure to such education has a positive impact and betterprepares students for the contemporary workplace. A study of senior-level engineering students Page 25.1259.4found that those who had taken one or more entrepreneurship courses had significantly higherentrepreneurial self-efficacy than those who did not and were also more likely to get hands-onskills
to theSTEMcx Environmental Justice internship have implications for persistence in STEM (Grahamet al., 2013), pathways into engineering (Godwin & Kirn, 2020; Kirn & Benson, 2018), and self-efficacy (Newton et al., 2020). Rather, to motivate this research I rely on three anecdotalobservations I made during the 2022 pilot of the STEMcx Environmental Justice Internship.These anecdotes will make clear the critical need for phenomenological exploration of theexperiences of Black and underrepresented students in out-of-classroom engineering and scienceinternships and other pre-college work experiences.During the summer 2022 pilot environmental justice internship cohort, I had many opportunitiesto engage with the interns in informal
learning activities, benefitingboth K-12 students and Ambassadors. K-12 students are provided with tutoring, STEMcompetition coaching, and other support while Ambassadors learn essential professionalism,communication, and leadership skills. A pilot-scale study with ten schools within the ShelbyCounty Schools district during the 2015-16 academic year showed that students working withAmbassadors achieved math performance goals at rates of 12% (middle school) and 30%(elementary) higher than that of their peers [27]. It also revealed increased confidence incommunication and leadership abilities and STEM self-efficacy ratings from the Ambassadors.Urban STEM scholars were offered the opportunity to join the STEM Ambassador program butwere not required
, ranked from lower tohigher. The lower-level learning outcomes are often a prerequisite to achieving higher-orderlearning outcomes. However, when failing to solve a complex problem, students often fail toprecisely evaluate what component knowledge they lack or what skills they need. This canhinder the student’s metacognitive regulation of their learning progress, lower their self-efficacy,and stifle their motivation. Learning activities and assessments that explicitly communicate andscaffold students’ learning progress across the different levels of learning outcomes will providestudents with a better opportunity to plan and adjust their learning plan accordingly.Scaffolding is the process that aims to deconstruct a complex assignment into
of the Research Self-Efficacy Scale,” Journal of Career Assessment, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 59-75, July 1996, doi: 10.1177/106907279600400104.Appendix A: Survey QuestionsTable 1. Example questions for each scale included in the survey. Number Response Scale of Example Question Type Questions Dyadic 17 Rate to what extent the following statements are true Likert Psychological for you: I feel like my research advisor makes 1-9 Safety
in which a PBLenvironment was implemented into a PBL lab unit in a traditional environmental engineeringlecture with lab course. 10 participants (7 students, 1 course instructor, and 2 graduate teachingassistants) were interviewed during the process. Using grounded theory, three themes emerged:student implications, instructor implications, PBL considerations. The data collected and thecorresponding emergent themes provide rich advice for educators considering PBLimplementation in future courses.Bibliography1. Direito, I., Pereira, A. & Duarte, A. M. d. O. (2012). Engineering undergraduates’ perceptions of soft skills: Relations with self-efficacy and learning styles. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 55(0), 843-851.2
”, Commissioned by the NCSU Friday Institute, 2007, http://www.tdhah.com/site_files/Teacher_Resources/MUVE/MUVE%20Documents/Dede_21stC- skills_semi-final.pdf36. Gardenfors, P. and Johansson, Cognition, Education, and Communication Technology, Routledge, 2005.37. Marra, R. and Bogue, B., “Women Engineering Students Self Efficacy – A Longitudinal Multi- Institution Study”, http://www.x-cd.com/wepan06/pdfs/18.pdf38. Akl, R., Keathly, D., and Garlick, R., “Strategies for Retention and Recruitment of Women and Minorities in Computer Science and Engineering”, http://www.cse.unt.edu/~rakl/AKG07.pdf39. Tindall, T., and Hamil, B., “Gender Disparity on Science Education: The Causes, Consequences, and Solutions”, Education, Vol. 125, Issue 2
] “Getting Under the Hood: How and for Whom Does Increasing Course Structure Work? | CBE—Life Sciences Education.” Accessed: Feb. 08, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.lifescied.org/doi/10.1187/cbe.14-03-0050[19] G. Trujillo and K. D. Tanner, “Considering the Role of Affect in Learning: Monitoring Students’ Self-Efficacy, Sense of Belonging, and Science Identity,” CBE—Life Sci. Educ., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 6–15, Mar. 2014, doi: 10.1187/cbe.13-12-0241.
Education, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 390– 396, Aug. 2010, ISSN: 0018-9359, 1557-9638. DOI: 10.1109/TE.2009.2025266.[10] I. Vessey, “Expertise in Debugging Computer Programs: An Analysis of the Content of Verbal Protocols,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 621–637, Sep. 1986, ISSN: 0018-9472. DOI: 10.1109/TSMC.1986.289308.[11] C. Crockett, G. Prpich, and N. Smith, “Experimental Self-Efficacy and Troubleshooting Ability in a Chemical Engineering Laboratory,” en, in 2023 ASEE Annual Conference, Jun. 2023. [Online]. Available: https://peer.asee.org/43573.[12] A. Schaafstal, J. M. Schraagen, and M. Van Berl, “Cognitive Task Analysis and Innovation of Training: The Case of Structured
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Education, vol. 146, no. 3, 2020.[11] S. Zha, S. Wu, and J. Estis, “Using team-based learning to promote engineering students’ performance and self-efficacy in a technical writing class,” IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 456-467, 2021.[12] M. A. Hannah and A. Arreguin, “Cultivating conditions for access: a case for case-makin in graduate student preparation for interdisciplinary research,” Journal of Technical Writing and Communication, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 172–193, 2017.[13] S. Wu, and L. Montalvo, “Repurposing waste plastics into cleaner asphalt pavement materials: a critical literature review,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 280, 2021.[14] S. Wu, A. Haji, and I. Adkins, “State of art
development. In our sample, participants often reported on how crucial the influence and support of members of the community and family was in shaping their career interests and self-efficacy in achieving a career in STEM.2. Redefining success was an important aspect of the counter narrative about motivations for academic and professional pursuits. While participants did report recognition, personal fulfillment, and a desire for success as motives toward their academic and professional pursuits, they also reported the need to have an impact on emerging FWoC and other minority populations entering STEM fields, a need to create value specifically around having a social impact either within or outside their current institution. Often the
comparison of the mean scores across genders for each construct. A more in-depth exploration of these differences is discussed in the subsequent paragraphs. Figure 1: Gender-wise Mean Scores Comparison4.1 Needs FulfillmentFemale students (M= 58.16, SD = 28.04) showed higher gains in Needs Fulfillment than malestudents (M= 41.42, SD = 28.22, t=-8.92, df=998, p=0.00), indicating a statistically significantdifference between the two groups. This result suggests that female students are better at seekingand achieving personal and professional satisfaction compared to male students. The higherNeeds Fulfillment scores among female students imply that they have higher self-efficacy andmight experience a greater sense of fulfillment
attitudes and higher self-efficacy for innovation. Theydefined a mindful attitude as the willingness to engage in situations that may seem uncertain andnovel in one’s daily life. Respondents to the survey with mindful attitudes were more likely tohave been involved with leadership and entrepreneurial clubs, courses, and initiatives. Theresults suggest that students who exercise mindfulness in their routine are set up for successfulentrepreneurial and design-related endeavors.Through a meta-analysis of literature in psychology, Lebuda et al. (2016) demonstrated that thereis a statistically significant link between mindfulness and creativity. They found certain abilitiesthat promote creativity to be fostered through mindfulness training or trait
terms of sharing, thinking about, andcaring about others; and 2) how students’ self-perceptions of empathy correspond to externalevaluations of empathy from stories shared. We quantitatively assessed aspects of empathy in (n =20) students’ stories submitted around four specific prompts using the External Evaluation ofEmpathy Rubric (EEER). The empathy observed in these stories was then compared to thestudents’ self-reported empathy, as measured using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). Ourfindings illustrate that encouraging students to think about their future and their goals often yieldsthe highest scores for emotional, cognitive, and action-oriented components of empathy.Prompting students to describe confronting or responding to a
at the University of Washington, Seattle. Her research interests in engineering education focus on the role of self-efficacy, belonging, and other non- cognitive aspects of the student experience on engagement, success, and persistence and on effective methods for teaching global issues such as those pertaining to sustainability. American c Society for Engineering Education, 2021 Industry-University Capstone Design: How did students adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic?AbstractA 2015 survey of 256 institutions from the US revealed that 70% of their capstone programswere funded by industry and government sponsors. This indicates the
participation had significant positiveeffects on 11 outcome measures: academic performance (GPA, writing skills, critical thinkingskills), values (commitment to activism and to promoting racial understanding), self-efficacy,leadership (leadership activities, self-rated leadership ability, interpersonal skills), choice of aservice career, and plans to participate in service after college. “These findings directly replicatea number of recent studies using different samples and methodologies.”(p.ii) 5 They found thatS-L to be significantly better in 8 out of 11 measures than just service without the courseintegration and discovered “strong support for the notion that service learning should be includedin the student’s major field.”(p.iii)6.Eyler and
with aninstructor that is acting as an industry supervisor and project coach to discuss their progress.Students must work together to define an optimal set of process parameters (e.g., temperatures,flow rates, and times) while managing a set of applicable measurement tools and a self-generated, coach-approved budget. In order to complete the process optimization process, thestudents must develop their own strategy for all aspects of the project and produce fivedeliverables. The major components of the Virtual Laboratory project and details aboutopportunities for feedback are summarized in Table 1.Table 1. Overview of the Virtual Laboratory project structure with feedback opportunities Timeline Key Project Milestones Student
tool - we have focused on two additionalactivities: assessing the effectiveness of MEAs in various dimensions including improvingconceptual learning and problem solving, and assessing the MEA motivated problem solvingprocess.We summarize our achievements in these five activities over the first two and half years of ourfour year project. We provide an overview of the 18 MEAs we have developed or modified.Particular emphasis is placed on our mixed measurements of student learning and achievement,including the use of pre and post concept inventories, deconstruction of MEA solution paths andconceptual understanding, rubric scoring of completed MEAs and student reflections of the justcompleted problem solving process.Introduction“Collaborative
teachers indicated that they knew at least one of theirstudents was considering studying engineering in college. Teachers’ responses to the 27 items Page 22.1552.14on the survey that measure attitudes toward engineering averaged 4.2 before the summer beganwith a small increase to 4.4 by the end of the summer. Once school started all 13 teachers agreed“If a student excels in mathematics and\or science, I suggest engineering as a possible career.”Engineering Preparation Self-efficacy: Before their research experience began, most teacherswere not very well informed about how to help prepare their students to consider engineering asa possible career
to ensure validity focused onensuring that the instrument was designed to measure what it was supposed to measure: didthe students’ drawings of a scientist depict specific characteristics that are stereotypical of ascientist’s image? To increase the validity of the subject produced drawings, researchersdeveloped coding schemes that attempted to standardize the identification of stereotypicalcharacteristics in the drawings. Codification schemes allow for human ‘raters’ or ‘coders’ tobe trained, and the use of inter-rater reliability measures among raters allowed researchers toeither modify the coding scheme or retrain the raters. Humans as ‘raters’ are fallible;therefore, the use of a score or statistical measure of homogeneity among raters
protocolapproved by the Institutional Review Board at LPI. SurveyA survey was designed to measure students’ feelings of belonging, engineering identity, and selfperceptions of math skills competence, as summarized in Table 2. These survey items had a 7-point response scale, with the exception of the math confidence (or self-efficacy) items that had a5-point scale. The survey also included additional items, but these are beyond the scope of theresearch questions explored in this paper. The pre and post surveys in 2017 and 2018 included afairly large number of items (73), with additional questions added to the post survey in fall 2018.Concerns with the length of the survey and quality of student responses led to an effort tooptimize the survey
to set personal goals to progress in their skill development, and toenhance student confidence in their self-efficacy related to non-technical skills. These aims alignwith the philosophy described in Ponton et al.13 that engineering educators must train students incourse content while preparing them to become practicing professionals.Self-reflection assignments have been used in three offerings of an undergraduate chemicalreaction engineering course. Data from the second offering were collected with InstitutionalReview Board approval and are presented here. The self-reflection assignments involve briefessays and goal setting related to professional, non-technical skills. The assignments utilize theself-evaluation rubric6 originally designed
matters. (p. 123)A separate but related phenomena to creativity is innovation. Specifically, based on extensiveinterviews with serial innovators, Dyer, Gregersen, and Christensen (the authors of theInnovator’s) DNA postulate that innovators tend to be avid questioners, observers,experimenters, and idea networkers. They framed these four phenomena as the “behavioraltendencies” of serial innovators. In alignment with the Innovator’s DNA, we identify innovationas much more than a function of the brain but also a function of behaviors [7]. In the context ofengineering design, to be an innovative engineer requires the act of doing or creating.We recognize that behavior is fundamentally contingent upon one’s inner drives, motivations,values, self
50studies, Dean et al. have extracted an overarching consistency from such studies, in whichcreative work is measured using four scales where the originality or novelty of an idea must bebalanced by its flexibility or workability, its relevance to the solution set, and its specificelaboration [20]–[22].In this study, however, we are less interested in the eventual creative product and more interestedin the self-efficacy, or change in design confidence gained by student engineers through theworkshop process. While the metrics described above may serve to uncover changes in creativequalities of consecutive designs, they will not necessarily reveal changes in a student’s creativeapproach, their confidence in approaching open-ended work or their self
education literature search findings,professional reports, and validity checks with faculty, the list in Table 1 is neither exhaustive norfinal. Rather, this list serves as the first attempt to operationalize various academic and personalcompetencies relevant to thriving in the engineering context. Described in more detail in theFuture Research section, more research is needed to refine and validate this conceptualframework for engineering thriving.Table 1. Competencies important to engineering student success, as identified in publishedresearch papers in Engineering Education and professional reports (such as ABET and NSF) Competency Definition Academic Self-efficacy
historical context of women in STEM, calls a ‘cult of masculinity,’assumes that science is the province of men and the extent to which women are capable of beingscientific is measured by their ability to assume a masculine posture.iv Thus, while women havemade gains, the climate continues to be “chilly” for STEM women faculty and industryprofessionals.vvivii Though policies may change, attitudes, norms, and values are not as pliable, asnoted by Mason et al: “…assumptions about the “ideal worker” prevail, including a de factorequirement for inflexible, full-time devotion to education and employment…”viii The Women inScience and Engineering Future Professionals Program (WiSE-FPP) recognizes the persistenceof challenging work norms and values in the
also enrollstudents who are different from those beginning their studies at four-year institutions in manyways [40]. This does not entirely discount the value of single-institution studies, however. Astudy [41] conducted at Louisiana Tech University explored the impact of backgroundknowledge on the success of freshman engineering students, as measured by grades andgraduation rates. The author acknowledges the limitation of analyzing data from a singleuniversity, and also notes that the focused examination of a specific context provided a nuancedunderstanding that might be obscured by institutional variation.Collectively, these studies underscore the potential benefit of a nuanced approach that considersinstitutional differences in the context
processof materials discovery, which involves the identification of new materials with specificfeatures, served as the foundation for instructing the participants on the fundamental conceptsof ML [29].Therefore, this paper serves to report the module design and a hands-on technique that wassuccessfully implemented by ACENPEE to help students of various engineering backgroundsdevelop self-efficacy in ML. The next sections describe the approach used for the workshop,the discussion of students’ perceptions of the learning experience assessed through the learner’ssatisfaction survey, as well as the concluding section. The designed modules and snippets ofthe scripts used during the workshop are described in the appendix section. 2. Platforms, tools