Conference Session

Student Engagement and Motivation

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elizabeth Howard, Illinois Institute of Technology; Daniel Ferguson, Illinois Institute of Technology; Margaret Huyck, Illinois Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Huyck, Illinois Institute of Technology Margaret Hellie Huyck, Ph.D., is Professor at the Illinois Institute of Technology, within the Institute of Psychology. Her graduate work at the University of Chicago focused on life span human development and the sociology of education. Her academic specialities are adult development and program evaluation. She has major responsibility for the evaluation of the IPRO Program at IIT. Page 13.1099.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Stimulating and Developing Reflective Thinking In Undergraduate Students

Conference Session

Public Engineering of Engineering, K12 Standards, and Overview

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tylisha Baber, Michigan State University; Norman Fortenberry, National Academy of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

AC 2008-152: ENGINEERING AND THE MEDIA: BUILDING A NEWRELATIONSHIPTylisha Baber, Michigan State University At the time this paper was written, Dr. Tylisha Baber was serving as a National Academies Christine Mirzayan Science and Technology Policy Fellow. She earned a B.S. degree in chemical engineering from North Carolina State University and a Ph.D. in chemical engineering from Michigan State University. Tylisha’s dissertation focused on the design and implementation of a biomass conversion process for improving the fuel properties of biodiesel. She is currently an adjunct assistant professor in the Department of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering at North Carolina A&T State

Conference Session

Cooperative Education and Engineering

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tylisha Baber, Michigan State University; Norman Fortenberry, National Academy of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

AC 2008-154: THE ACADEMIC VALUE OF COOPERATIVE EDUCATION: ALITERATURE REVIEWTylisha Baber, Michigan State University At the time this paper was written, Dr. Tylisha Baber was serving as a National Academies Christine Mirzayan Science and Technology Policy Fellow. She earned a B.S. degree in chemical engineering from North Carolina State University and a Ph.D. in chemical engineering from Michigan State University. Tylisha’s dissertation focused on the design and implementation of a biomass conversion process for improving the fuel properties of biodiesel. She is currently an adjunct assistant professor in the Department of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering at North Carolina A&T

Conference Session

Impacts of Public Policy on Engineering Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Norman Fortenberry, National Academy of Engineering; Kamyar Haghighi, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering and Public Policy

technological or interpersonal structures are used in learning,interactions of learners and learning facilitators, why a given topic is deemed important to learn,and the internal and external influences on learning systems including the goals of variousstakeholders). An example of engineering education research applied to student retention isgiven by Fortenberry et al.[10].We believe U.S. engineering education practice could benefit from the pursuit of engineeringeducation research and the careful application research findings. For example, the statistics onthe drop-out rates of engineering programs indicate there is room for improvement in currentpractice. On average, 40% of undergraduate students nationally leave engineering beforegraduation, with

Conference Session

Trends in Engineering Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joye Jepson, Antioch University; Norman Fortenberry, National Academy of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

technological advances as well as the globalizationof businesses, economies and cultures in the twenty-first century, the importance of engineeringdisciplines and education has reached a critical state and prompted several examinations withinthe past few years. Although numerous studies and research on changing or restructuringengineering education have been conducted over the last century, many findings have remainedthe same over time, such as (a) what to include in the curricula, (b) how long engineeringeducation should be, (c) what level of specialization, (d) how to prepare students, and (e) how tomeet the needs of society. The trends in engineering education that we found to be mostprevalent in reviewed reports and articles are increased attention

Conference Session

Engineering Accreditation Around the World

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Deborah Wolfe, Engineers Canada; Phil Alexander, University of Windsor

Tagged Divisions

International

theaccreditation bodies of several other countries. Three agreements currently in force recognizethat the systems of the CEAB and the other party for accreditation of programs leading to adegree in engineering are substantially equivalent and that the accredited programs of bothparties satisfy the academic requirements for entry to the practice of engineering at a professionallevel.The first of these agreements was signed in 1980 by the CEAB and the EngineeringAccreditation Commission (EAC) of the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology(ABET)2 in the United States of America. This agreement was updated and ratified by bothparties during the course of 1996 and 1997. The agreement is valid for graduates of all programsaccredited by the EAC.The

Conference Session

Professional Skills and the Workplace

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Johannes Strobel, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Monica Cardella, Purdue Engineering Education

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

dimensions to classifyproblems as introduced by Jonassen [3], structuredness, complex/simple, static/dynamic, context(inter) dependent, need then applied to the different parts of the broken-down problem.V. Study 2: Comparing results with stories of engineeersThe second study compared the findings of the first to already collected and analyzed stories of90 engineers discussing their problem solving strategies. The library of these 90 stories can befound at the homepage of the Center for the Study of Problem Solving, School of InformationScience and Learning Technologies, University of Missouri-Columbia (http://csps.missouri.edu).Details on the creation of the library and an initial analysis of the contained data can be foundelsewhere [37]. The main

Conference Session

Best of the NEE

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Norman Fortenberry, National Academy of Engineering; Tylisha Baber, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Mirzayan Science and Technology Policy Fellow. She earned a B.S. degree in chemical engineering from North Carolina State University and a Ph.D. in chemical engineering from Michigan State University. Tylisha’s dissertation focused on the design and implementation of a biomass conversion process for improving the fuel properties of biodiesel. She is currently an adjunct assistant professor in the Department of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering at North Carolina A&T State University. Page 13.577.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Evaluating Instructional

Conference Session

Web-Based Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Felipe Arango, Stevens Institute of Technology; Gonca Altuger, Stevens Institute of Technology; El-Sayed Aziz, Stevens Institute of Technology; Constantin Chassapis, Stevens Institute of Technology; Sven Esche, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

AC 2008-1057: PILOTING A GAME-BASED VIRTUAL LEARNINGENVIRONMENTFelipe Arango, Stevens Institute of TechnologyGonca Altuger, Stevens Institute of TechnologyEl-Sayed Aziz, Stevens Institute of TechnologyConstantin Chassapis, Stevens Institute of TechnologySven Esche, Stevens Institute of Technology Page 13.982.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Piloting a Game-based Virtual Learning EnvironmentAbstractIn a new technological era, where virtual environments and social networks are redefining howstudents interact with each other and exchange information, alternative and complementaryapproaches to traditional hands-on laboratories are emerging. Educational

Conference Session

Mechanics of Materials

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vince Prantil, Milwaukee School of Engineering; William Howard, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Ed Howard is an Assistant Professor in the College of Technology and Computer Science’s Department of Engineering at East Carolina University. He holds a B.S. in Civil Engineering and an M.S. in Engineering Mechanics from Virginia Tech, and a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from Marquette University. He has 14 years of industrial experience, mostly in the design and analysis of composite structures. Page 13.730.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008Manuscript Submission for the 2008 ASEE Annual Conference and ExpositionJune 22-25, 2008 Pittsburgh

Conference Session

International Division Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patrick Ferro, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Naoki Osawa, Kanazawa Institute of Technology; Masakatsu Matsuishi, Kanazawa Institute of Technology; Richard Stamper, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Wayne Sanders, Rose Hulman Institute Of Technology; Taketo Yamakawa, Kanazawa Institute of Technology; Tetsuro Furukawa, Kanazawa Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

International

AC 2008-357: INTERNATIONAL DESIGN COURSE EXPERIENCESPatrick Ferro, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Patrick Ferro is an Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology. He has been on the faculty of Rose-Hulman since 2005. He is licensed as a PE in Michigan and Ohio.Naoki Osawa, Kanazawa Institute of Technology Naoki Osawa is an Assistant Professor of Engineering at Kanazawa Institute of Technology. His doctorate degree is in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from KIT. He has been on the faculty of KIT since 2007, following three years of industrial experience at Hitachi, Ltd.Masakatsu Matsuishi, Kanazawa Institute of Technology Masakatsu

Conference Session

Teams and Teamwork in Design I

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Schrage, Georgia Institute of Technology; Michael Richey, The Boeing Company; Kenneth McPherson, The Boeing Company; Xavier Fouger, Dassault Systemes; Cedric Simard, Dassault Systemes

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

AC 2008-1755: GRADUATE AND UNDERGRADUATE DESIGN PROJECTSUTILIZING A VIRTUAL PRODUCT LIFE-CYCLE MANAGEMENT (VPLM)Daniel Schrage, Georgia Institute of Technology Dr.Daniel Schrage has extensive expertise in the design and development of complex systems. Prior to coming to Georgia Tech in 1984, Dr. Schrage served as an aviator, engineer, manager and senior executive servant with the U.S. Army Aviation Systems Command (AVSCOM) for ten years. As a dynamics, vibrations and aeroelasticity engineer he served as the Army’s expert in these areas during the design and development of all the Army’s major aviation systems, the UH-60 Black Hawk, the AH-64 Apache, the CH-47D Chinook, and the OH-58D Kiowa

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kendrick Aung, Lamar University; Jiang Zhou, Lamar University; X. Chang Li, Lamar University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

), Baltimore, Maryland, in May 2003. Her research interests include mechanical applications in microelectronics, biomechanics, system dynamics, and system optimizations, etc.X. Chang Li, Lamar University X. CHANG LI is currently an assistant professor with the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas. He received his Ph. D. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Clemson University. His research interests include gas turbine cooling technologies and energy conservation. Page 13.514.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Gpikpggtkpi"Ocvjgocvkeu"hqt"Ogejcpkecn

Conference Session

Assessment of K-12 Engineering Programs and Issues

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Faik Karatas, Purdue University; Amy Micklos, Purdue University; George Bodner, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

influenced by their ideasregarding the NOS.7,8 Some science educators have claimed that an informed view of the NOSwill improve students’ attitudes towards science, help them internalize science, and eventuallyenhance their science learning.9,10 The same argument could be appropriate for and can beapplied to the engineering field. In other words, an understanding the nature of engineering(NOE) could improve students’ learning outcomes of engineering and technology. It could alsoaffect how engineers see and conduct their professional lives after they graduate.11Research has shown that the attitudes of high-school students toward engineering become morefavorable as their knowledge of engineering increase.12 The International Technology

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Teaching Part Two

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gerald Himes, United States Military Academy; Jakob Bruhl, United States Military Academy; Joseph Hanus, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

for a base-camp to house, support and sustain a givenpopulation. Page 13.1163.3 The Engineering Design Process Environment: Technological Design & Economic Analysis Political Alternatives Social Generation Modeling & Analysis

Conference Session

Global Engineering Education Initiatives

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lauren Alexander, IAESTE United States; Cheryl Matherly, University of Tulsa; Mary Besterfield-Sacre, University of Pittsburgh; Larry Shuman, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Divisions

International

Matherly is Associate Dean for Global Education and Applied Assistant Professor of Education at the University of Tulsa, where she directs the institution’s international study, work, and volunteer programs. She is currently directing the university’s initiatives for new university partnerships in China. Dr. Matherly is the co-PI for a National Science Foundation Partnership for International Research and Education (PIRE) Grant that funds initiatives to expand international research opportunities for science and engineering majors. She serves as the director of the INNOVATE conference, which involves students from five countries 14 in the study of globalization and technology in Asia, and the

Collection

2008 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Rashmi Jain; Keith Sheppard; Elisabeth McGrath; Bernard Gallois

Promoting Systems Thinking in Engineering and Pre-Engineering Students Rashmi Jain, Keith Sheppard, Elisabeth McGrath and Bernard Gallois Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030 AbstractThe context of engineering is one dominated by systems. In order to better prepare graduates with asystems perspective and the competencies to be effective in system design, we discuss initiatives topromote the development of systems thinking, both in undergraduate and K-12 communities. This paperdescribes vertically-integrated curriculum innovation, in which graduate-level coursework spawned apilot program to embed

Collection

2008 ASEE Zone 1 Conference

Authors

Rashmi Jain; Keith Sheppard; Elisabeth McGrath; Bernard Gallois

Promoting Systems Thinking in Engineering and Pre-Engineering Students Rashmi Jain, Keith Sheppard, Elisabeth McGrath and Bernard Gallois Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030 AbstractThe context of engineering is one dominated by systems. In order to better prepare graduates with asystems perspective and the competencies to be effective in system design, we discuss initiatives topromote the development of systems thinking, both in undergraduate and K-12 communities. This paperdescribes vertically-integrated curriculum innovation, in which graduate-level coursework spawned apilot program to embed

Conference Session

Fluid Mechanics Experiments and Laboratories

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

El-Sayed Aziz, Stevens Institute of Technology; Constantin Chassapis, Stevens Institute of Technology; Sven Esche, Stevens Institute of Technology; Sumei Dai, China University of Mining and Technology; Shanjun Xu, China University of Mining and Technology; Ruiqing Jia, China University of Mining and Technology

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

AC 2008-613: ONLINE WIND TUNNEL LABORATORYEl-Sayed Aziz, Stevens Institute of TechnologyConstantin Chassapis, Stevens Institute of TechnologySven Esche, Stevens Institute of TechnologySumei Dai, China University of Mining and TechnologyShanjun Xu, China University of Mining and TechnologyRuiqing Jia, China University of Mining and Technology Page 13.949.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Online Wind Tunnel LaboratoryAbstractWind tunnels are among the most important design tools used in engineering to study the effectsof air moving over or around solid objects such as airplane wings, cars, trains, skyscrapers,bridges, etc. While introducing

Conference Session

Innovative Programs - Structure, Delivery, Evaluation

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Crockett, California Polytechnic State University; Kurt Colvin, California Polytechnic State University; Joel Shrater, The Aerospace Corporation; Daphne Dador, California Space Education & Workforce Institute; Matt Everingham, California Space Authority

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

AC 2008-1131: A DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS ENGINEERING CURRICULUM FORWORKING ENGINEERS IN CALIFORNIARobert Crockett, California Polytechnic State University Robert Crockett received his Ph.D. from University of Arizona in Materials Science and Engineering. He holds an M.B.A. from Pepperdine University and a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from University of California, Berkeley. He is currently an Associate Professor and the interim chair of the Biomedical & General Engineering Department at California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. Dr. Crockett is a specialist in technology development and commercialization of advanced materials and manufacturing processes. Prior to joining Cal Poly

Collection

2008 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Kurt Colvin; Robert Crockett

from a varietyof providers in a self-paced manner. The target audience for this effort is companies and indi-viduals who require better Systems Engineering capabilities, but lack the resources and infra-structure for training. These include second-tier suppliers to the aerospace industry, biomedicalengineering companies, information technology companies, utilities, and any other Californiacompanies that would benefit from better systems engineering processes. Surveys sent to abroad cross-section of California corporations were used to elicit a list of 44 Systems Engineer-ing Competencies. Analysis of these 44 competencies resulted in a core set of critical skills, plusthree Systems Engineering Concentrations: SE Management, SE Processes, and

Conference Session

Design in Freshman and Sophomore Courses

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan Masten, McMaster University; Robert Fleisig, McMaster University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

. Often the projects were found to be flawed inso much as they required students to design using technologies that were beyond theircomprehension as first year students. Asking students to design a “writing robot”, whilepotentially a very challenging and interesting task, led to situations where students were unableto generate ideas or alternatives, let alone be able to evaluate the goodness of a given design. Itwas learned that the criteria for projects that would lead to a successful design by first yearengineering course required careful consideration. It may be argued that first year students arenot capable of engineering design but this suggests that engineering is a technology professionthat only deals with complex, highly technical

Conference Session

Engineering Economy -- Outside the Introductory Course

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Peterson, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy

involved in project analysisand justifications since graduating with a BIE degree in 1970. Since 1993, the author has beenteaching engineering economy on a regular basis in a variety of programs and for a variety ofaudiences at both the undergraduate and graduate level. During this time the author of this paperlist 58 different courses on his cv in programs as diverse as industrial engineering, engineeringmanagement, manufacturing engineering, industrial management, and technology management.During the past thirteen years, the author has regularly attended the annual ASEE conferencesand attended countless sessions. These sessions have been eye-opening and thought provokingand well worth the time to attend. At the same time it has educated this

Conference Session

Foster Excellence

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Goang-Shin Liaw, Alabama A&M University; Pabitra Saha, Alabama A&M University; James Foreman, Alabama A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

AC 2008-1145: PREPARING MINORITY ENGINEERING STUDENTS TO PASSTHE FUNDAMENTALS OF ENGINEERING EXAMINATIONGoang-Shin Liaw, Alabama A&M University Dr. Goang-Shin Liaw is a Professor of Civil Engineering at Alabama A&M University located in Huntsville, Alabama. He is currently a NASA Administrator’s Fellow, Cohort 10. He has served as Chairman of the Department of Civil Engineering for more than sixteen (16) years and as Interim Dean of the School of Engineering and Technology from 1990 to 1992. Dr. Liaw has been heavily involved in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for many years. He has planned, directed, and executed more than ten research projects at Alabama A&M University

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Design in the Classroom

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tongele Tongele, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

maintains links to Organizations and Societies,including the ones that develop and research standards and codes (ANSI: American NationalStandards Institute. — http://www.ansi.org/). Based on Dr. Kelly’s information search at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) library web site, it is found that mechanical engineering students are directed to search thenational standards network to determine if there is an American National Standard (ANS). MITmaintains a collection of all ANSI approved standards in its library, along with those of ASTM Page 13.1397.3International (ASTM) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thea Sahr, WGBH Educational Foundation; Natalie Hebshie, WGBH Educational Foundation

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

AC 2008-1213: ENGINEER YOUR LIFE: TALKING TO HIGH SCHOOL GIRLSABOUT ENGINEERINGThea Sahr, WGBH Educational Foundation Focusing on science and engineering projects such as Design Squad, ZOOM, Building Big, and Pathways to Technology, Ms. Sahr has extensive experience conceptualizing national outreach initiatives and working with project teams to develop multimedia educational materials (e.g., activity guides, curricula for after-school providers, online training resources for professionals, web sites, etc.) Building relationships with national partners representing teachers, museums, engineers, scientists, and after-school providers, has resulted in tens of thousands of children exploring

Conference Session

Sustainable Energy Issues in Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Barbara Utley, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Andrea Ludwig, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; John Cundiff, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Sean McGinnis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

following: • Define the key environmental issues society is facing and give specific examples of how engineers from all engineering disciplines can provide technology that reduces the environmental impact of human activity. • Analyze the key interactions between economic and environmental issues as regards to providing the basic human need for water, food, and shelter within the terrestrial and climate constraints of a given country. • Analyze the key interactions between production and processing of biomaterials (food, fiber, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals) and environmental issues as regards to air and water quality. • Analyze the key interactions between energy and the environment as regards to

Conference Session

FPD4 - Teaching Methods for First Year Students

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John K. Estell, Ohio Northern University; Laurie Laird, Ohio Northern University; John-David Yoder, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

part of engineering;and that students are naturally attracted to the best works of a field of study. Moreover, thefield of engineering has transformed American society into a technological powerhouse, andfuture engineers need to understand how this happened. Simply put, Billington makes the claimthat engineering needs to be somehow personified in the classroom so that the contributionsmade by those in the past and present are made known to students, allowing them to envision thepossible contributions that they can make as engineers in the future.2. BackgroundPrevious ASEE Conferences have featured papers on the One Minute Engineer (OME), wherestudents give short individual presentations on student-selected, engineering-related topics inareas

Conference Session

FPD9 - First Year Learning & Assessment

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joe Guarino, Boise State University; Janet Callahan, Boise State University; Seung Youn Chyung, Boise State University; Randi Walters, Boise State University; Bill Clement, Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

AC 2008-1128: DEVELOPING AND ASSESSING ENGINEERING-BASEDMODULES FOR A FRESHMAN ENGINEERING CLASSJoe Guarino, Boise State University Dr. Guarino is a Professor of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering at the College of Engineering, Boise State University.Janet Callahan, Boise State University Dr. Callahan is Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and Professor of Materials Science Engineering at the College of Engineering, Boise State University.Seung Youn Chyung, Boise State University Dr. Chyung is an Associate Professor in the Department of Instructional & Performance Technology in the College of Engineering at Boise State University.Randi Walters, Boise State University Randi Walters

Conference Session

FPD1 - Early Success and Retention

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Donna Reese, Mississippi State University; Robert Green, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

styles.References 1. Elzey, Dana, “Teaching Intro to Engineering in Context – UVA Engineering’s New Cornerstone,” Proceedings of the 2006 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, June18-21, Chicago, IL. (semester-long hands on project). 2. R.M. Felder and R. Brent, "Understanding Student Differences." J. Engr. Education, 94(1), 57-72 (2005). 3. Gomez, A., Oakes, W., & Leone, L., Survey of Engineering: An Introduction to Engineering & Technology for Middle School and Lower High School Grades,” Great Lakes Press, St. Louis, MO, 2007. 4. Hagenberger, M., Engerer, B., & Tougaw, D., “Revision of a First-Semester Course to Focus on Fundamentals of Engineering,” Proceedings of the 2006 ASEE Annual Conference