Collection

2025 Northeast Section Conference

Authors

Shashi Kiran Chandrappa; Sidike Paheding; Yu Cai Cai

2025 ASEE Northeast Section Conference, March 22, 2025, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT, USA. Leveraging Large Language Models for Automated Detection of Cookie and Session Management Vulnerabilities Shashi Kiran Chandrappa Sidike Paheding Yu Cai Department of Analytics Department of Computer Science and Engineering Department of Applied Computing Fairfield University Fairfield University Michigan Technological University Fairfield, CT Fairfield, CT Houghton, MIschandrappa@student.fairfield.edu

Conference Session

Graduate Education, Artificial Intelligence

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yael Gertner, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Tiffani Williams, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Continuing, Professional, and Online Education Division (CPOED)

certificate provides a high-qualitycredential from a top-ranked computer science department. In addition to computing skills, ouriCAN program emphasizes skills such as problem-solving, creativity, dealing with complexity,focus, resilience, and adopting a growth mindset to prepare students to shape the future ofcomputing [7] and [8].Our future work includes continuing to grow the program, providing more industry, non-profit,and research experiences, and providing exposure to AI fundamentals.References[1]​ A. Ivey, S. R. Johnson, M. Skorodinsky, and J. Snyder, “Abolitionist Computer Science Teaching: Moving from Access to Justice,” presented at the Research in Equity and Sustained Participation in Engineering, Computing, and Technology (RESPECT

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division (COED) Track 6.B

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Annie Hui, zyBooks, A Wiley Brand; Nkenge Wheatland, zyBooks, A Wiley Brand; Chelsea L Gordon, zyBooks, A Wiley Brand; Efthymia Kazakou, zyBooks, A Wiley Brand; Neil Thawani, zyBooks, A Wiley Brand; Michael Goldwasser, Saint Louis University; Yamuna Rajasekhar, zyBooks, A Wiley Brand

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education Division (COED)

Paper ID #47321Positive Student Impacts of an Unlimited, Randomized Self-Assessment QuizPer Chapter: Study Habits, Self-Efficacy, and Learning OutcomesDr. Annie Hui, zyBooks, A Wiley Brand Annie Hui is a zyBooks assessment specialist. She has 15 years of experience teaching computer science, information technology, and data science courses, in both in-person and online modes. She has taught in Northern Virginia Community College and George Mason University. She specializes on course design to maximize student engagement and success.Dr. Nkenge Wheatland, zyBooks, A Wiley Brand Nkenge Wheatland is a Sr. Manager for Content

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division (COED) Track 3.B

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wesley A Brashear, Texas A&M University; Sandra B Nite, Texas A&M University; Richard Lawrence, Texas A&M University; Dhruva Chakravorty, Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education Division (COED)

inservice and preservice, to increase content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge. As Co-PI for 3 years and PI for 7 years on Teacher Quality grants, she designed and developed over 1,000 hours of professional development. As Co-PI on a National Science Foundation Robert Noyce Scholarship Program grant, she designs and delivers professional development for the scholarship recipients She has not only worked with teachers in Texas and other states in the U.S. but also with teachers from Turkey and Qatar. Dr. Nite’s research agenda has focused heavily on bridge programs for engineering calculus, STEM secondary education, and STEM teacher professional development. She also conducts research in music education

Conference Session

Software and Hardware for Educators I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Miguel Latorre, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia; Manuel Blazquez, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia; Elio Sancristobal, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia; Sergio Martin, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia; Francisco Garcia-Sevilla, Castilla-La Mancha University; Catalina Martinez-Mediano, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia; Gabriel Diaz, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia; Manuel Castro, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

AC 2009-929: AN EXPERIENCE ON LEARNING OBJECTS REUTILIZATIONBASED ON EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES DEVELOPEDMiguel Latorre, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a DistanciaManuel Blazquez, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a DistanciaElio Sancristobal, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a DistanciaSergio Martin, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a DistanciaFrancisco Garcia-Sevilla, Castilla-La Mancha UniversityCatalina Martinez-Mediano, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a DistanciaGabriel Diaz, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a DistanciaManuel Castro, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia Page 14.191.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 An

Conference Session

Information and Network Security

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tokunbo Ogunfunmi, Santa Clara University

Tagged Divisions

Information Systems

ASEE. Page 14.682.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 IEEE 802.11n Wireless Local Area Networks Standard: A simulation model of PHY layer of Amendment Draft 3.0Abstract The IEEE 802.11n is a currently emerging Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standardcapable of providing dramatically increased throughput, as well as improved range, reducedsignal fading, over the existing IEEE 802.11a/g WLAN standards. These benefits are achievedthrough use of MIMO (Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output) technology. The latest draft for IEEE802.11n describes rates up to 600Mbps, exceeding the maximum rate with the 11a

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Leonard Sokoloff

@BiographyLeonard Sokoloff was born in Russia and immigrated to the United States in 1950 and was awarded the BSEEdegree from Stevens Institute of Technology (1959), the MS Applied Science degree from Adelphi University(1964) and the PhDEE (candidate) from Stevens Institute of Technology. Worked in industry as semiconductorapplication and circuit design engineer (1959 - 1970). For the past 27 years with DeVRY Technical Institute,currently as senior professor, teaching associate level and bachelor level courses in advanced mathematics andelectrical engineering. Page 2.55.8

Conference Session

COED: IOT and Cybersecurity

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Abul K. M. Azad, Northern Illinois University; Veysel Demir, Northern Illinois University; Hemanth Kumar Kachadimangalam Ramakrishnan, Northern Illinois University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

to the remote server tomonitor performance.1. IntroductionThe Internet of Things (IoT) has added a new element to the world of engineering andtechnology. With the advent of IoT, a large number of devices are now being connected tothe web for data collection, management, and control [1, 2, 3, 4]. As a subset of IoT, remotelaboratories allow to access laboratory equipment over the web to perform experiments. Atraditional remote laboratory system involves a full-scale computer system along withassociated interfacing and web hosting technologies, but sometimes there is significantoverhead for the initial commission and subsequent maintenance of a remote laboratorysystem [5, 6]. To address this issue, this paper reports the design

Conference Session

Supporting Faculty in Course Development and Pedagogy

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Todd Easton, Kansas State University

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

Paper ID #21776The Impact of Free Lunch on Attendance at Voluntary Teacher TrainingDr. Todd Easton, Kansas State University Todd Easton received a B.S. in Mathematics with a minor in Statistics from Brigham Young University (1993), an M.S. in Operations Research from Stanford University (1994) and a Ph.D. in Industrial En- gineering from Georgia Institute of Technology (1999). He worked as a post-doctoral fellow at Georgia Institute of Technology until 2001, when he joined the Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineer- ing department at Kansas State University. He is a University Distinguished Teaching Scholar and an

Collection

2020 St.Lawrence Section Meeting

Authors

Mehdi Rahmani-Andebili

Developing a New Course about Planning and Operation of Plug-In Electric Vehicles in Smart Grid Mehdi Rahmani-Andebili Engineering Technology Department, College at Buffalo, State University of New York, NY, US. rahmanm@buffalostate.edu1. IntroductionThis paper briefly presents the subjects and descriptions of the recently developed undergraduate and graduatecourses about planning and operation of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) at State University of New York(SUNY), College at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, US. The courses will be presented in Fall 2020 under the titles of“ENT 473: PEVs in smart grid” and “ENT 573: Planning and

Conference Session

Digital Communications Systems

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bruce Dunne, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

2006-1962: DSP-BASED LOW-COST DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONSLABORATORYBruce Dunne, Grand Valley State University Bruce E. Dunne is currently an Assistant Professor in the Padnos College of Engineering and Computing at Grand Valley State University. He received his B.S.E.E. and M.S.E.E. from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from the Illinois Institute of Technology. His interests include digital signal processing and communications systems. Page 11.497.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2006 DSP-Based Low-Cost Digital Communications

Conference Session

Training and Workforce Needs in the Energy Sector

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Gilbert, Sinclair Community College

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

Paper ID #7072Center for Energy Education LaboratoryDr. Robert Gilbert, Sinclair Community College Robert B. Gilbert, Ph.D., LEED AP, BA, is an Associate Professor of Energy Management Technology, and the Director of the Center for Energy Education at Sinclair Community College, Dayton, Ohio. He is also an Adjunct Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Assistant Director of the Industrial Assessment Center at the University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio. He serves on the Ohio Board of Building Standards filling the position Renewable Energy, is on the Board of Directors of Green Energy Ohio, is on the Faculty Renewable

Conference Session

Best of Computer in Education Division

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Smitesh Bakrania, Rowan University; Sean Banger

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Paper ID #5745A rubric-based grading app for iPadsDr. Smitesh Bakrania, Rowan University Dr. Smitesh Bakrania is an assistant professor in Mechanical Engineering at Rowan University. He received his Ph.D. from University of Michigan in 2008 and his B.S. from Union College in 2003. His research interests include combustion synthesis of nanoparticles and their applications. He is also involved in developing educational apps for instructional and research purposes.Mr. Sean Banger Page 23.99.1

Conference Session

Energy Project and Laboratory Ideas

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Margaret Wismer

complete the labs on generator control, students need to know about pulse width modulation (PWM) circuits and feedback systems. While DC generators may not be the most likely machine a practicing engineer will encounter, it is felt that they provide students with a simpler introduction to machines and controllers as compared to AC or DC motors. The topic of DC generator voltage control leads naturally to DC motor speed control, AC generator voltage control and finally AC motor speed control. Recent student surveys indicate that they are satisfied with the course and that they have a grasp of the material.1 IntroductionThe typical electrical engineering course in electric rotating machinery and energy

Conference Session

Curriculum and Facility Developments for Innovative Energy Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Gilbert, Sinclair Community College

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

AC 2012-4534: DEVELOPING RESIDENTIAL, COMMERCIAL, AND IN-DUSTRIAL ASSESSMENT PROGRAMS IN COMMUNITY COLLEGESDr. Robert Gilbert, Sinclair Community College Robert Gilbert is an Associate Professor of civil/architectural technology and Technical Director of the Center for Energy Education at Sinclair Community College. He has a Ph.D. in engineering from the University of Dayton, a master’s and a bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Dayton. His area is energy efficiency and renewable and alternative energy. He is a member of the Ohio Board of Building Standards filling the position of Renewable Energy. He has developed the energy efficiency, renewable/alternative, green programs, and

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Eric W. Tisdale

the Sophomore Experience, ASEE AnnualConference Proceedings, ASEE, 1996, s.2632. 9. Starrett, S.K., A Beginners’s Approach to Teaching with the Internet, ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings,ASEE, 1996, s.2632.ERIC TISDALE An Asst. Professor at Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana with degrees in ElectricalEngineering and Biomedical Engineering. He has taught Manufacturing Engineering Technology classes for thelast five years. After fifteen years of industrial experience, he teaches classes in industrial controls, electronics, anddrafting. Interests are in medical devices, patient instrumentation, and automated data collection

Conference Session

Faculty Development Division (FDD) Technical Session 9

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris S. Hulleman, University of Virginia; Dustin B. Thoman, San Diego State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division (FDD)

(4), 719-744.[2] Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education. (1999). Transformingundergraduate education in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology. Washington, DC:National Academy Press. Henderson, C., Beach, A., & Finkelstein, N. (2011). Facilitatingchange in undergraduate STEM instructional practices: An analytic review of the literature.Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 48(8): 952-984.[3] Kroeper, K.M., Muenks, K., Canning, E.A., & Murphy, M.C. (2022). An exploratory studyof the behaviors that communicate instructor mindset beliefs in college STEM classrooms.Teaching and Teacher Education, 114, doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2022.103717[4] Muenks, K., Canning, E. A., LaCosse, J., Green, D. J., Zirkel, S

Collection

2010 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

James C. Peyton Jones; Connor McArthur; Tyler Young

”, National Science Foundation DUE #0088158 (2001). 6. N. Chao, “A Low Cost Hands-On Laboratory Experience for Introductory Engineering Students”, National Science Foundation DUE #0125583 (2001). 7. L. Fairchild, “Robots in an Introductory Survey Course in Computer Science”, National Science Foundation DUE #0087963 (2001). 8. N. McNulty, “Understanding Technology through Robots and Multimedia”, National Science Foundation DUE #0088370 (2001). 9. Parallax Inc, website: http://www.parallax.com/ 10. The Handy Board, website: http://www.handyboard.com/ 11. Mobile Robots Inc, website: http://www.mobilerobots.com/ 12. LEGO MindStorms RCX, website: http://www.lego.com/ 13. LEGO MindStorms NXT, website: http

Collection

1999 Annual Conference

Authors

Ronald H. Rockland

. It is hoped that thesestudents in future classes will use this problem solving approach.Bibliography1. D.I. Schneider, Essentials of Visual Basic 5.0 Programming, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ 19992. H.M.Deitel, C, How to Program, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 19943. K.J. Ayala, The 8086 Microprocessor, West Publishing Company, St. Paul, MN, 1995 Page 4.572.8RONALD H. ROCKLANDDr. Ronald H. Rockland is an assistant professor in EET at New Jersey Institute of Technology. He received his M.S. andPh.D. degrees in biomedical/electrical engineering from New York University, and an M.B.A. from the University of St.Thomas. His interests are in signal processing of biomedical waveforms and computer aided

Collection

2014 ASEE Zone 1 Conference

Authors

Xingguo Xiong; Hanyu Xie

Proceedings of 2014 Zone 1 Conference of the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE Zone 1) MEMS Dual-mode Electrostatically Actuated Micromirror Xingguo Xiong Hanyu Xie Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering University of Bridgeport University of Bridgeport Bridgeport, CT 06604 Bridgeport, CT 06604 xxiong@bridgeport.edu hanyuxie@my.bridgeport.edu Abstract

Conference Session

Professional Papers

Collection

2025 ASEE Southeast Conference

Authors

Chaohui Ren, Auburn University; Cheryl Seals, Auburn University; Karen Nix, Auburn University

Tagged Topics

Professional Papers

Paper ID #45570Teacher-Guided Project-Based Coding Practice Enhance High Level ProgrammingLanguage LearningMs. Chaohui Ren, Auburn UniversityDr. Cheryl Seals, Auburn University Dr. Cheryl Denise Seals is a professor in Auburn University’s Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering. She graduated with a B.S. C.S. from Grambling State University, M.S. C.S. from North Carolina A&T State University and a Ph.DKaren Nix, Auburn University Karen Nix is a PhD candidate at Auburn University, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering. She received a bachelor’s degree in Computer Science from LaGrange College and a master’s

Conference Session

STEM Education and Intercultural Competence

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mihwa Park, Texas Tech University; Bernard Justus Wekullo, Texas Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division (COMMENG)

Texas Tech University, College of Education, Department of Curriculum and Instruction (STEM). His research interests include integrating Emerging Technologies in Mathematics Instruction and Assessment in Mathematics. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2025 Title of Paper Engagement in Practice: Integrating Architecture and STEM through Community-Based Projects for High School StudentsMihwa Park, Ph.D.Email: Mihwa.Park@ttu.eduThe Department of Curriculum and InstructionCollege of EducationTexas Tech UniversityBenard WekulloThe Department of Curriculum and InstructionCollege of EducationTexas Tech University

Conference Session

International Division (INTL): Humanitarian Design and Sustainable Development

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kseniya Zaitseva, ENTER Network; Jose Carlos Quadrado, ISEL/IPL; ENTER; ISRC/ISEP/IPP, Portugal

Tagged Divisions

International Division (INTL)

areas, organizing conferences, seminars, workshops and training courses. As part of her academic activities, she is currently associate professor at TPU (Department of Professional Higher Education Management and Teaching). As an international expert in quality assurance, she has participated in many visits during the international-level professional accreditation of educational programmes, current member of the EUR-ACE Label Committee. She has facilitated international quality assurance and accreditation workshops as a trainer in Europe, Latin America, USA, Asia and Central Asia.Prof. Jose Carlos Quadrado, ISEL/IPL; ENTER; ISRC/ISEP/IPP, Portugal Jose Carlos Quadrado is an international leader in engineering education

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division (COED) Poster Session (Track 1.A)

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Colin Jacob Soule, Bucknell University; Lea Wittie, Bucknell University; Sing Chun Lee, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education Division (COED)

Paper ID #48383BOARD # 84: WIP: Auto-gradable Hands-On Parse Tree Learning Tool inVirtual RealityColin Jacob Soule, Bucknell University Colin Soule is a graduating senior awarded the presidential fellowship at Bucknell University. He is currently committed to William & Mary’s Ph.D program to research algorithms and theoretical computation.Lea Wittie, Bucknell University Lea Wittie is an Associate Professor and Co-Chair in the department of Computer Science in the Engineering College at Bucknell University. She does computer science education research with students in first year engineering topics, concept inventories

Conference Session

STEM Education at the Two-Year College

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zeynep Akcay Ozkan, City University of New York, Queensborough Community College; Yuanhong Yu, City University of New York, Queensborough Community College; Ewa Stelmach, City University of New York, Queensborough Community College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Two-Year College Division (TYCD)

participated in many departmental committees to help improve students’ experience. Ewa Stelmach is a co-author of the Open Resource Educational textbook for College Algebra students. She is also the administrator and author of many problems in WeBWork, a free homework platform. Her interests include college-level teaching, mathematics education, and teaching with technology. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2023Predicting Student Success in College Algebra Classes Using Machine LearningAbstractCollege Algebra is a gateway course for STEM majors with large enrollment and low passingrates. We analyze the factors which contribute to student success in College Algebra courses atan urban community

Conference Session

CoNECD Session : Day 2 Slot 8 Technical Session 1

Collection

2021 CoNECD

Authors

Lisa Lim, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Submissions, Diversity

Paper ID #32212From Residential to Remote: Adapting Summer Bridge Practices(Millennium Scholars Program)Lisa Lim, The Pennsylvania State University Lisa Lim holds a Master of Arts in Higher Education and Student Affairs from New York University. She has been a higher education practitioner for 4 years with her specialties in advising and first-year students. She currently serves as the Program Coordinator for First-Year Students with the Millennium Scholars Program at The Pennsylvania State University. American c Society for Engineering Education, 2021

Collection

2019 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Hailey Michael; Shankar Krishnan

patients and it will create strongerpatient/doctor relationships. It will give patients the ability to take control of their own treatmentand decide which treatment plan will work best for their specific circumstance. Big dataanalytics will also improve the survival rates for deadly diseases like cancer, heart disease,diabetes, Alzheimer's, etc. Ultimately, this will save money, save time and save lives.References: 1. Cdc.gov. (2018). “FastStats”. (10 Apr. 2018). 2. IBM Big Data & Analytics Hub. (2018). “The Four Vs of Big Data.” (10 Apr. 2018). 3. Coe.neu.edu. (2018). (10 Apr. 2018). 4. IEEE Spectrum: Technology, Engineering, and Science News. (2018). “Big Data Beats Cancer.” < https://spectrum.ieee.org

Conference Session

ECE Laboratory Design

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Fitra Khan, University of Texas-Brownsville; Mahmoud Quweider, University of Texas-Brownsville; Juan Iglesias, University of Texas-Brownsville; Amjad Zaim, University of Texas-Brownsville

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

2006-1733: DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING A PARALLEL COMPUTINGCURRICULUM BASED ON BEOWULF CLUSTERINGFitra Khan, University of Texas-BrownsvilleMahmoud Quweider, University of Texas-BrownsvilleJuan Iglesias, University of Texas-BrownsvilleAmjad Zaim, University of Texas-Brownsville Page 11.418.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2006 Designing and Implementing a Parallel Computing Curriculum Based on Beowulf Clustering1IntroductionThe Computer Science/Computer Information Systems (CS/CIS) Department at The Universityof Texas at Brownsville (UTB) has improved its curriculum by including parallel computingtopics based on a computing and

Conference Session

DSAI Technical Session 1: K–12 and Early Exposure to Data Science and AI

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Faiza Zafar, Rice University; Carolyn Nichol, Rice University; Matthew Cushing, Rice University

Tagged Divisions

Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (DSAI) Constituent Committee

elementary and secondary teachers in science and math content and pedagogy, while alsoMr. Matthew Cushing, Rice University As Executive Director of the Rice Office of STEM Engagement (R-STEM), Matthew oversees all programs and operations for the department. He has been presenting on AI in Education for the last few years at local, regional, and national conferences. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2025 Insights of Using AI-Powered POWER Platform for Coaching Needs: A Case Study Introduction As the demand for student support services continues to rise, many community collegesface significant challenges in

Collection

2012 Northeast Section Meeting

Authors

Olga Lepsky; Michael Werner

) Memory space requirements are hardly mentioned in algorithms texts, yet we found that problems inbioinformatics were often constrained by lack of memory. 1 Wentworth Institute of Technology, 550 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115,lepskyo@wit.edu 2 Wentworth Institute of Technology, 550 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115,wernerm@wit.edu2012 ASEE Northeast Section Conference University of Massachusetts LowellReviewed Paper April 27-28, 20126) Tweaking the problem may work even when there is no room to tweak the algorithm. For example, a companywhich