surface to travel a distance ho. (8)This time is also the theoretical time it takes to drain the tank completely, if the initial level of thefree surface was ho above the exit orifice. Here, gm is the modified acceleration of gravity dueto the presence of the exit orifice. It is given by (9)The left -hand side of equation (7) represents the ratio of the current height of fluid remaining inthe tank to the original height. In the case of a tank of constant cross section, it is also equal tothe fraction of the original volume of fluid that remains in the tank. The fraction that has beendrained out of the tank is given by+-(yL)~+q~) (10) 0
impulse responseh(t) and input x(t), the output y(t) is given as y(t) = Jāā Q)x(t - A) dX = Jāā x(X)h(t - X) dX. -cm -0.2This can also be expressed as y(t) = h(t) * x(t), where * denotes convolution in the timedomain.2.2. Time-Frequency DualityAll signals have corresponding representations in both time and frequency. For a periodicsignal x(t) with period To, the complex exponential Fourier series may be used torepresent the signal: x(t) = +g x, 7L=--co ejnwot x, = 6 0 s to to