Conference Session

Experiential and Service Learning

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jim Chamberlain, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

university begin in the General EngineeringProgram (GEP). The two primary objectives of the GEP are to provide students with asound academic preparation for engineering study and to give them an opportunity to Page 13.913.3explore various engineering fields. Most students spend two to three semesters in thiscore curriculum as they learn the basic tools and fundamentals of engineering[3] whilebeing introduced via departmental presentations to the various engineering disciplinesthat are available on campus. As part of its overall mission, the GEP offers generaladvising, career counseling and engineering education.Students who leave the GEP and choose NOT to

Conference Session

Engineering Physics and Physics Division Technical Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

JAMES WANLISS, Anderson University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics and Physics Division (EP2D)

intricate problems that maybe challenging for typical algorithms in the traditional engineering curriculum. With theexplosive proliferation of embedded systems, and the IoT, controlling complex actuators andsensors in real time is increasingly feasible. Many engineering applications generate vastamounts of data, and deep learning algorithms are effective at recognizing patterns andextracting meaningful insights from these large datasets [5]. Thus, an appreciation of deeplearning methods will contribute to better engineering decision-making processes [6]. Inaddition, deep learning enables better automation, optimization, and control [7]. From designoptimization to production planning, engineers can leverage deep learning to streamlineworkflows and

Conference Session

Emerging Computing and Information Technologies II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Samuel Moses, Brigham Young University; Nathaniel Scott Baker; Dale C. Rowe, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

outline a graduate-level curriculum for social engineering education, which can be used to teach aspiring offensivecybersecurity analysts the best methods to test the security of an organization’s human element,as well as teach aspiring security professionals about best practices and policies that they can useto protect the resources they are responsible for.IntroductionModern cybersecurity is seeing a spike in attention. Recent vulnerabilities and exploits haveprompted industry professionals to spend a greater amount on cybersecurity measures, frompowerful and comprehensive authentication systems to the most thorough and comprehensivefirewall and anti-virus systems. However, there is a simple fact that cannot be negated by anyamount of money or

Conference Session

Mathematics in Transition

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Mary Crawford, University of Texas at Austin; Kathy Schmidt, The University of Texas at Austin

Educationactivities. All documents are accessible at http://www.engr.utexas.edu/aim/curriculum/#hands.The FIC technical team developed an online question bank that allows teachers to generatecustomized homework, quizzes, or tests (see http://www.engr.utexas.edu/aim/questionbank).Based on our experience in 2002 and input from teachers, we offered only two professionaldevelopment workshops in the fall semester of 2003. Each workshop covered two activities.Thirteen teachers attended the algebra workshop and four teachers participated in the calculusworkshop. A focus group will be held in April 2004 to receive input from the teachers on theirexperience with the activities.Additional activities are currently in development and will be ready for summer 2004. In

Conference Session

Diversity and Global Experiences

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jamie Gomez, University of New Mexico; Vanessa Svihla, University of New Mexico

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

, M. Miletic, E. Seebauer, A. Tillman, and T. Vogel, “Integrating Team-Based Design Across the Curriculum at a Large Public University,” Chem. Eng. Educ., vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 139–148, 2014.[21] N. Cross and A. Clayburn Cross, “Observations of teamwork and social processes in design,” Des. Stud., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 143–170, 1995.[22] L. L. Bucciarelli, “An ethnographic perspective on engineering design,” Des. Stud., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 159–168, 1988.[23] A. C. Edmondson, J. R. Dillon, and K. S. Roloff, “Three Perspectives On Team Learning: Outcome Improvement, Task Mastery, And Group Process,” Acad. Manag. Ann., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 269–314, 2006.[24] L. A. Meadows, D. Sekaquaptewa, and M. C. Paretti, “Interactive panel

Collection

2023 CIEC

Authors

Enrique Barbieri; Burak Basaran; Driss Benhaddou; Navdeep Singh; Vassilios Tzouanas; Balan Venkatesh; Weihang Zhu

lack-of-belonging as the key issue. University remedies range from social eventsand student organization activities to academic-related growth opportunities and curriculumimprovements down to an individual course level. Mathematics skill building, particularly inengineering and engineering technology majors, is of paramount importance but often left to thestandard mathematics course sequence. This article presents a course-level approach that engagesstudents through solving engineering problems using mathematics in a more practical way. Theapproach is to (i) reveal common mathematical challenges arising in science and engineeringproblems from various fields; (ii) present the problem solution leading to a common mathematicsformulation (e.g., a

Conference Session

Implementing the BOK - Can it Be Done?

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Robert Houghtalen

, American Society for Engineering Education”The primary interest in this paper is that part of the BOK fulfilled through the educationalcomponent of an engineer’s training. The curriculum subcommittee of CAP3 is working on thesegregation of responsibilities in the educational component of the BOK; that is, whichcomponents will be fulfilled by a traditional bachelor’s program and which will be acquired bythe civil engineer beyond the bachelor’s degree (i.e., B + M/30). Preliminary discussions withinthat committee indicate that the only addition to the BOK expected of the master’s degree orequivalent is outcome 12: “specialized area of civil engineering.” This outcome requiressignificant depth in one area of civil engineering to the ability level

Conference Session

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering Division: Fundemental and Evaluation: Embedded Programs in Engineering Education

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Te'Airra Monique Brown , Virginia Tech; Glenda D. Young Collins, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

great deal of focus on bringing technology into the classroom andengineering faculty are involved in curriculum design and engineering outreach content, it iscrucial that the instructional design supported by AR applications be based on learning theory[4] .Engineering education researchers, Newstetter and Svinicki [4], offer engineering faculty andgraduate students a “primer” of three conceptual frameworks that present learning theory toengineers in an approachable way, with examples of how the theory can be used to influencepost-secondary instructional design. We suggest that post-secondary engineering educatorsshould also follow these recommendations as they develop technology to be used in the K-12environment.In this paper, we create a

Conference Session

Learning styles affect on students in graphic and design courses

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lulu Sun, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach; Christopher D Grant, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

Authentic Integration of Mathematics andTechnology in Inquiry-Based Science Instruction,” Journal of Computers in Mathematics and ScienceTeaching, Vol. 20, No. 1, 2001, p. 99.[3] Schlenker, R., and K. Schlenker, “Integrating Science, Mathematics, and Sociology in an Inquiry-Based Studyof Changing Population Density,” Science Activities, Vol. 36, No. 4, 2000, p. 16.[4] Buch, N., and T. Wolff, “Classroom Teaching through Inquiry,” Journal of Professional Issues in EngineeringEducation and Practice, Vol. 126, No. 3, 2000, p. 105.[5] Biernacki, J.J. and C.D. Wilson, “Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Advanced Materials: A Team-OrientedInquiry-Based Approach,” Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 90, 2001, p. 637.[6] Stahovich, T.F., and H. Bal, “An

Conference Session

Reaching Out to the Community

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Alan Gomez

properly.A system that fits to the existing container is acceptable as a solution for this case study.However, the cost of the system added to an existing container should not exceed $1.00 and havea use period of at least 100 applications. A new container’s cost shall not exceed the cost of anaverage container on the market today (+ $0.10). Safety seals are to be in place to assure the Page 7.520.3 Proceedings of the 2002 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright Ó 2002, American Society for Engineering Educationcustomer of content integrity. Any new container must not

Collection

1999 Annual Conference

Authors

Francois Michaud; Mario Lucas; Gerard Lachiver; Andre' Clavet; Jean-Marie Dirand; Noel Boutin; Philippe Mabilleau; Jacques Descoteaux

Session 2220 Using ROBUS in Electrical and Computer Engineering Education François Michaud, Mario Lucas, Gérard Lachiver, André Clavet, Jean-Marie Dirand, Noël Boutin, Philippe Mabilleau, Jacques Descôteaux Université de Sherbrooke (Québec Canada)AbstractROBUS (ROBot University of Sherbrooke) is an autonomous mobile robot designed to facilitateinterdisciplinary engineering design in Electrical Engineering (EE) and Computer Engineering(CE). Its primary purpose is to serve as an integrated platform for a project called INGÉNIUSthat introduces electrical and computer engineering simultaneously to a large group

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Duffy, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Linda Barrington, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Manuel Heredia, University of Massachusetts, Lowell

engineering curriculum at a public university.Over the academic years 2004-2008, an average of 30 core required engineering courses havehad S-L projects each year. The hypothesis is that because the students would see with S-L moredirectly how engineering can improve the lives of those in the local and internationalcommunity, they would be more motivated to enter and stay in engineering and try to learn thesubject matter better. In terms of recruitment, S-L is advertized to prospective students as thenumber two reason to come to the college (number one is value). Twenty-two percent of firstyear students at the end of their first semester reported that S-L was one of the reasons forcoming to the college, roughly the same as the 24% in December 2007

Conference Session

Portable/Embedded Computing II

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Richard Baraniuk; Ray Wagner; Patrick Frantz; Lee Potter; Hyeokho Choi; Douglas Jones

set of materials sufficient to teach a signal processing lab is nowavailable, and the materials have been successfully used each semester since the fall of 2002 as thesole text for a large DSP lab at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC). Collabo-rative development continues to expand these materials so that they will soon be in use at multipleuniversities. Being open, they are freely available to all educators and users for modification,extension, and use.2 Overview of the Connexions projectConnexions is a collaborative, community-driven approach to authoring, teaching, and learningthat aims both to convey the dynamic continuum of knowledge and to ease and speed the courseand curriculum development process. Launched in

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED) Technical Session 8

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alan Cheville, Bucknell University; Stewart Thomas, Bucknell University; Stu Thompson, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED)

semester with the overall goal ofdecomposing the project into functional modules. In the spring modules are built and tested,integrated, iterated, then the project finally undergoes an acceptance test. While the V-model isintuitive for those with design experience, as a project management model it does not accuratelythe reflect the actual and iterative work of design so it needs to be implemented flexibly and withsignificant scaffolding.Because capstone courses can be very time-intensive for faculty, the instructors have developed asignificant amount of scaffolding over time using an action-based research approach [4] (seenext section). This has resulted in a “hands-off” approach where students have responsibility formost project decisions. While

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Marlin Viss; Murat Tanyel

engineering major aswell as a non-accredited engineering science major. Students in the engineering major may optfor either a mechanical or an electrical emphasis. As a result of the curriculum revision that hasrecently been implemented, students in the electrical emphasis have a number of class-electivesin their senior year. In the first semester the class chooses between Analog Circuit Design andDigital Signal Processing. This year's senior class was the first to have this choice and theydecided to go digital, inaugurating the full-semester offering of DSP. The textbook that theinstructor chose for this first offering was Orfanidis' Introduction to Signal Processing15. Thistextbook was chosen because of its good balance between theory and practical

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

AnnMarie Thomas, University of Saint Thomas; Jan B Hansen, University of Saint Thomas

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

AC 2011-507: CERTIFICATE/CONCENTRATION IN ENGINEERING FORP-12 EDUCATORSAnnMarie Thomas, University of Saint Thomas AnnMarie Thomas is an assistant professor of Engineering at the University of St. Thomas, and co- director of the UST Center for Pre-Collegiate Engineering Education. Her teaching and research focus on Engineering Design and K-12 Engineering Education. Prior to her appointment at UST, she was a faculty member at Art Center College of Design.Jan B. Hansen, Ph.D., University of Saint Thomas Jan B. Hansen is co-director of the Center for Pre-Collegiate Engineering Education at the University of St. Thomas. Her current interests as an educational psychologist focus on outreach through the nonprofit

Conference Session

Experiences of Diverse Students

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joel Alejandro Mejia, Angelo State University; Amy Wilson-Lopez, Utah State University, Department of Teacher Education and Leadership; Andrea L. Robledo, Angelo State University; Renata A. Revelo, University of Illinois, Chicago

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Latinx adolescents whenconfronted with the beliefs, behaviors, and practices of engineering is an integral part in decidinghow to provide support systems for students that may feel alienated and excluded fromengineering.10,11 Alejandra Elens12,13 argued that Nepantla as a framework offers the opportunityfor individuals to examine multiple forms of oppression that can lead to decolonial thinking anddifferent perspectives on social justice. Nepantla is the state where perspectives about family,economy, society, and education among others come into conflict. “These are moments ofcritical awareness, when someone starts to see things from different and new perspectives” (p.135).12 Thus, through this sociocultural framework, Latinx adolescents can be

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Jack Leifer; Jamey Jacob

were only able to simulate the effects of geographical distribution and the use ofdistance communications tools on student projects. However, groups of geographicallydispersed students enrolled in the same curriculum do in fact exist, and provide an opportunity toevaluate the effects of distributed collaboration on the outcome of a project. One such programis at the University of Kentucky, which recently established an Extended Campus Engineering Page 9.466.2 Proceedings of the 2004 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2004, American Society for Engineering

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Saleh Sbenaty

have been developed, tested and are beingdisseminated. The work was partially funded by an ATE/NSF grant ($1.8 million).II. An Applied Approach to Technical EducationOne of the newly adopted approaches in technical education to address the above-mentionedgrowing problems is the use of case studies. One may ask the following question here: Why usecase studies in technical education? And the answer is: because case studies have been proven tobe effective teaching tools in many fields ranging from business and finance to medical. Theyallow the student to use his/her critical thinking, problem solving, and logic reasoning abilities.Collaborative education and teamwork can be used effectively in case studies. Integrating thesciences

Conference Session

The New ABET CE Criteria - Program Development

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ronald Welch, University of Texas, Tyler

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Engineering Program solution: a new course added to the curriculum toensure coverage of the professional topics in the title as well as other professional skillsat a time when the program was teaching its senior level courses for the first time duringthe ABET record year (2007-2008). The new course was CENG 4341 Leadership, PublicPolicy, Business Practices, and Asset Management which would provide coverage of thethree new outcomes in the BOK which are represented by program outcome 9 as well asdemonstration of parts of Outcomes 6, 7, and 8.9 Formal assignment of embeddedindicators to courses based on perceived ability to demonstrate an outcome to includeCENG 4341 provided the best odds at being BOK compliant and passing the ABET visit.The result

Conference Session

Student Perceptions of Self-efficacy, Success, and Identity

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Louis Nadelson, University of Central Arkansas; Idalis Villanueva, Utah State University; Jana Bouwma-Gearhart, Oregon State University; Estefany Soto, University of Central Arkansas ; Cindy Ann Lenhart, Oregon State University; Kate Youmans, Utah State University; Yoon Ha Choi, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

college math, science, computer science, and engineering teach- ing to frame his research on STEM teaching and learning. Nadelson brings a unique perspective of research, bridging experience with practice and theory to explore a range of interests in STEM teaching and learning.Dr. Idalis Villanueva, Utah State University Dr. Villanueva is an Assistant Professor in the Engineering Education Department and an Adjunct Pro- fessor in the Bioengineering Department in Utah State University. Her multiple roles as an engineer, engineering educator, engineering educational researcher, and professional development mentor for un- derrepresented populations has aided her in the design and integration of educational and

Conference Session

Student Division Technical Session 3: Student Experiences and Support

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Maryann Renee Hebda, Baylor University; Morgan R Castillo, Baylor University; Tracey Sulak, Baylor University

Tagged Divisions

Student Division (STDT)

Educational Research, vol. 7, no. 8, pp. 583–590, 2019.[15] L. K. Muthén and B. O. Muthén, Mplus User’s Guide, 8th ed. Muthén & Muthén, 2017.Fig. 1. Mixed methods design diagram.Fig. 2. Conceptual framework adapted from [1], [11]. Note that the overall progression frombeginning to competent engineering students is displayed in Box 1, with an emphasis onapplying KSAs to demonstrate competency. That application is further narrowed through Boxes2-3, by citing specific skills that allow students to integrate and apply knowledge in latercoursework such as the capstone design course in our study. Pre-survey (n = 20) and Mid-survey (n = 16) descriptive statistics. Likert scale rangedfrom Strongly Disagree (1) to Strongly Agree (5). Group

Conference Session

Graduate Education in ETD

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Enrique Barbieri, University of North Texas; Vassilios Tzouanas, University of Houston, Downtown

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology, Graduate Studies

Communications and in MechanicalEngineering Technology and share a common technical core in project management and inadvanced mathematics. The core control curriculum in the SCT track enables students to masterestablished system simulation and control technology implementation using classical and moderndesign and analysis techniques. Elective courses are offered in complementary fields so thatstudents select an industrial application of interest. Other electives may be chosen from anindustry-skills set to sharpen business-related competencies. The program includes a master’sthesis or a master’s project option. Table A-1 in Appendix A lists a recommended sequence ofcourses to complete the program in four semesters:  Semester 1: the seminar serves to

Collection

2008 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Jeffrey J. Heys

determine the workload distribution among the students in thegroup making it a challenge to give individual grades2. Second, some groups unable to scheduleenough meetings when every group member can be present. Third, the collecting of theindividual pieces of a project into a single coherent document or presentation can be difficult andfrustrating for some groups.Despite the disadvantages, group projects are an important and integral part of the educationalexperience in the chemical engineering curriculum. However, team projects in an industrialsetting are changing because geographically dispersed teams are becoming more common3, 4.Often, the team members can be located in two or more different cities or different countries. Ofcourse the team

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering Division (ChED) Technical Session 5: Work-in-Progress Part 2

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gaurav Giri, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering Division (ChED)

techniques. A few reasons could explain the results. One, as the students spend a disproportionateamount of time using analytical solutions, they are more likely to recall instances where theirknowledge was limited. Conversely, good programming technique is not utilized heavily in thecore curriculum, so they do not have the chance to continuously struggle with new material, andthus have an inflated sense of knowledge concerning the material. Another reason could be that,it is possible that the coding-heavy nature of the course enabled the students to remember goodprogramming practices, and this is reflected in the subsequent semesters. The lowest self-rating was given to the question “I can code my own numerical solutionsto PDEs

Conference Session

TIME 7: ABET Issues and Capstone Courses

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Wei Zheng; Dong Young Jang; Donald Harby; Yuyi Lin

-accessible withpermission. The course material with design tools, such as a design case library and optimizationprograms, will be jointly developed and used by faculty members and students around the Pacific Rim.Although a capstone design course is usually required in an engineering curriculum, the format andcontent can be very different at different engineering schools. The paper discusses the effort to findcommon ground in different educational systems. The paper also addresses the perceived subtledifference resulting from cultural preference in teaching and learning engineering design. Someconsiderations for a change of methodology in teaching and doing mechanical design are proposed.Benefit and possible solutions to potential problems are

Conference Session

Biomedical Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeffrey A. LaMack, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Charles S. Tritt, Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

engineering tools and the ability to integrate knowledge from differentdisciplines.1,2 Undergraduate capstone design experiences are largely developed to provide asetting for the attainment of these skills, and many have demonstrated positive outcomes in theseareas.3,4 However, it remains a challenge to provide students with opportunities to hone theseskills, particularly those based in the highest levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy of synthesis andevaluation, elsewhere in the curriculum. The junior-level undergraduate biomedical engineeringlaboratory module described here attempts to do this by asking students to use three distinctengineering approaches toward a common problem in a multidisciplinary laboratory course.Multidisciplinary Laboratory Course

Conference Session

FPD11 -- Multidisciplinary Experiences

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mehrube Mehrubeoglu, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi; Lifford McLauchlan, Texas A&M University-Kingsville

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

the technicalskills, the students are also expected to develop soft skills that are necessary in the engineeringand technology fields, such as teamwork, ethical and professional responsibilities,communications, and time management, all deemed an integral part of the learning experience,and necessary by the ABET accreditation guidelines.Since introductory courses play an important role in student retention and success, there is a needto generate new ideas and develop creative teaching strategies to ensure student interest,attention and learning. Many groups studied innovative methods to achieve the desiredclassroom goals. The following section reviews some of the relevant findings in the literature.The proposed method and its pilot

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Djedjiga Belfadel, Fairfield University; Elif Kongar, Fairfield University; John Drazan, Fairfield University; Isaac Macwan, Fairfield University; Michael Zabinski

project to high school aged youth drawn from our partner schools in Bridgeport, Connecticut.Taken together, these changes in curriculum promise to improve the experiences of our first-yearengineering students in the classroom while also providing them with crucial public communication skillsand an appreciation for the importance of equitable development of technologies.References[1] D. Belfadel, M. Zabinksi and R. Munden. Walking on Water Term Design Project in Fundamentals ofEngineering. ASEE: Annual Conference and Exposition, Montreal, Canada. June 2020.[2] Sohail Anwar, Todd Batzel, Ed Sell. Integration of Project-Based Learning into A FreshmanEngineering Design Course. Proceedings of the 2004 American Society for Engineering

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Endeavors: Engineering and Liberal Arts

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Summers, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Anique Julienne Olivier-Mason, Brandeis University; Marina Dang, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Diana M. Chien, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society, Multidisciplinary Engineering

of Research ethics, the MIT Kaufman Teaching Certificate Program (KTCP) course, and un- dergraduate genetics. She believes in the power of peer-coaching as a method of improving an entire community’s ability to communicate effectively.Dr. Marina Dang, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Dr. Marina Dang holds a PhD in Chemistry from Brandeis University, where she also served as an instructor for the Science Posse Boot Camp program. She taught chemistry at Emmanuel College and later became a STEM curriculum developer for an educational startup. In 2014, she joined the MIT Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering to serve as its first Communication Lab manager. As the Communication Lab model spread to new