designed to assist students with self-efficacy beliefs and personal goals.At this University all engineering and computer science students take an introduction toengineering course that covers the engineering process, teamwork, communication skills, thedifferent branches of engineering, ethics, and co-curricular and extracurricular opportunities.Section sizes are ~30 students, so students can build community with peers and their professor.The professor of the Introduction to Engineering course is the academic advisor for his/her set ofstudents. Students declare or confirm their major by the end of the first semester. Resources tohelp students choose a major include laboratories, advisor meetings, student panels, a semester-long team project
, Honolulu, Hawaii: ASEE, 2007-2972.[11] De-Juan, A., Fernandez Del Rincon, A., Iglesias, M., Garcia, P., Diez-Ibarbia, A. & Viadero, F., (2016). Enhancement of mechanical engineering degree through student design competition as added value. Considerations and viability. Journal of Engineering Design, 27 (8), 568-589.[12] Seth, D., Tangorra, J. & Ibrahim, A., (Year). Measuring undergraduate students' self- efficacy in engineering design in a project-based design courseed.^eds. Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2015. 32614 2015. IEEEIEEE, 1375-1382.[13] Hadim, H.A. & Esche, S.K., (Year). Enhancing the engineering curriculum through project-based learninged.^eds. Frontiers in Education, 2002. FIE 2002
further internships, transfer preparedness, teamwork ability, and senseof self-efficacy.1. IntroductionDespite years of investments and resources devoted by the federal government and institutions ofhigher education towards broadening participation of underrepresented minorities (URMs) inscience, technology, engineering, and mathematics careers, significant progress has not beenachieved. For instance, since 2000, underrepresented minorities’ shares in engineering andphysical science degrees have been flat despite a rapid increase in their representation of theoverall US population. In fact, even though URMs currently constitute 30 percent of the USpopulation, they account for only about 12.5 percent of baccalaureate degrees awarded inengineering1
engineering identity show significant differences as well.Engineering recognition and performance/competence beliefs in year four are higher than inyears one or two. The lack of significant differences for interest may be explained by studentpersistence. Students who are interested in engineering careers choose engineering as a majorand remain in engineering so long as that interest is sustained26–29. Consistent with other work,performance/competence beliefs which are a broader subject-related (rather than task-related)measure similar to self-efficacy does increase over students’ undergraduate engineeringeducation30,31. Previous work showed that recognition beliefs were the most significant predictorof engineering choice31. This paper does indicate
; Clauss, 2010). Some correlation would seem to be prerequisitefor application of the survey response data to other teaching goals such as formative assessment,learner self-efficacy development, and course design evaluation. Another potentially interestingapproach would be to compare survey response data to an alternative assessment measure suchas the Statics Concept Inventory (Steif, 2005). This potential correlation could be interesting toexplore in the future.It is important to note that in this study, students were encouraged to use the survey as a tool toidentify focus areas for their exam preparation efforts. If students successfully followed thisadvice, then their exam scores should be generally higher than their survey scores
-Year, Multi-Institution Study of Women Engineering Student Self-Efficacy.” Journal ofEngineering Education 98(1): 27-38.Stewart-Gambino, H. and J. S. Rossmann. 2015. “Often Asserted, Rarely Measured: The Valueof Integrating Humanities, STEM, and Arts in Undergraduate Learning.” National Academies ofSciences, Engineering and Medicine.Michelfelder, D. and S. A. Jones. “From Caring About Sustainability to Developing Care-FulEngineers.” 2016. In New Developments in Engineering Education for Sustainable Development.Eds. Walter Leal Filho and Susan Nesbit. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, pp.173-184.
Possible Solution(s) Solution(s) Construct PrototypeFigure 2: Design Process Model Utilized with Participating TeachersData CollectionWe focus this evaluation on analysis of surveys (T-STEM), content knowledge tests (DTAMS),and focus groups each completed both before and after professional development, as well asteacher-generated engineering design lesson plans and observations as teachers implementedlessons in their classrooms.The Teacher Efficacy and Attitudes Toward STEM (T-STEM) 15 Survey is intended to measurechanges in teachers’ confidence and self-efficacy in STEM subject content and teaching, use oftechnology in the classroom, 21st century learning
beliefs about competence in a domain; it is notnecessarily task-specific. Students’ expectancy is based partly on their self-efficacy14 in additionto their perceptions about the difficulty of the goal, their prior experience, and peerencouragement from others19 . Students with high self-efficacy use more cognitive andmetacognitive strategies as well as self-regulatory strategies such as planning, monitoring, andregulating20 .Future Time PerspectiveFuture Time Perspective (FTP) theory takes into account aspects of achievement motivation thatpertain to students’ perceptions of the time dimension of tasks and goals21-23 . FTP integratesperceptions about the future into present task completion and motivational goal setting. FTPprovides insight into
. This finding is consequential to policy makerslooking at the implications for practice and will be discussed later in the paper.2. EPBEL as an Effective Tool for Increasing Self-Efficacy and MotivationEPBEL provides a particularly engaging experience for students, but another important questionis how it develops self-efficacy. Bandura describes self-efficacy as the measure of “convictionthat one can successfully execute the behavior required to produce the outcomes” desired. 31 TheAcademic Pathways of People Learning Engineering Survey (APPLES) found that high levels ofmotivation and confidence are important indicators for success in engineering and that studentswho participate in extracurricular activities are more likely to have high levels
an issue not only with competency,but also with a lack of self-efficacy in math, science, and engineering which creates anxiety. According to Beck-Winchatz and Riccobono (2007), the majority of students with VI arefollowing general education curricula. However, less than 30 individuals with VI earned ascience and engineering research doctorate on average each year from 2001 to 2009 compared to25,600 people without a disability on average per year during the same time period (NSF, 2012).Lack of higher level degrees in the science and engineering fields do not reflect the fact thatstudents with VI have the same spectrum of cognitive abilities as sighted peers (Kumar,Ramasamy, & Stefanich, 2001) and with appropriate accommodations can
. Theinitiative was assessed by participant engagement with the topics and qualitative journalresponses to the discussion prompts.Our effort for this project consists of two main goals: Goal 1: To encourage female students to remain in STEM fields through supportivedialogue. Goal 2: To promote collaboration, self-efficacy and leadership while providing strategiesfor females to change the culture.Each of these goals are in line with new ABET criteria focused on educating the “wholeengineer.” To measure our progress toward these goals, we have begun to capture studentengagement via qualitative journal responses. In the future, we plan an additional survey and alimited number of interviews about the project. Journal data is derived from
for Engineering Education, 2017 The Influence of Gender Grouping on Female Students’ AcademicEngagement and Achievement in Engineering and Biology: A Case of Small Group Work in Design-Based Learning (Work in Progress) IntroductionDuring the past 30 years, much attention has been drawn to the lack of women in STEMfields and the need to attract and retain them in these fields. In the relevant literature, theinfluence of gender grouping on variables such as female students’ interest, self-efficacy,participation/engagement and achievement in STEM subjects has been a salient line ofresearch. However, researchers have arrived at mixed findings. Also, while researchers haveinvestigated the influence of
of Missouri. His main research interests are program evaluation and education policy. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 The Role of High School Math and Science Course Access in Student College Engineering Major Choice and Degree AttainmentI. IntroductionPrevious research has documented numerous factors that impede the progress of women andunderrepresented minorities in engineering fields, which can be broadly categorized into sixfactors: “classroom and academic climate, grades and conceptual understanding, self-efficacy andself-confidence, high school preparation, interest and career goals, and race and gender” (Geisingerand Raman, 2013). While high school
Control refers to a participant’s perception that they have the ability toparticipate and succeed in entrepreneurship if they so choose, or their self-efficacy with regard toentrepreneurship (Carr & Sequeira, 2007). We measured Perceived Behavioral Control usingthree questions from Ajzen (2002) as cited in Solesvik (2013) (“If I wanted to, I could easilybecome an entrepreneur”, “As an entrepreneur I would have sufficient control over mybusiness”, “It is entirely up to me whether or not I become an entrepreneur”). Question “PBC3”from Solesvik (2013) was left out per Solesvik (2013). We believe that Perceived BehavioralControl is an important topic for research in this field, connected to self-efficacy, but it appearedthat many students
their work, andemphasizes non-confrontational feedback processes in which the presenter chooses what kind ofcritique they would like to hear 36. In terms of physical space, the chairs and tables would be setup by instructor and GTAs when students arrived, then students would be able to restructurespace according to the activity planned for the day. As in the first introductory course, studentsoften worked with their groups using supplies from the art cabinet at their tables and on thewhiteboards. Although we did not employ Gerber’s survey to measure Innovation Self-Efficacy(ISE)12, in many ways the students dispositions reflect signs of low self-efficacy. However, theISE indicators reflect the types of activities taught in the class, and
belongingness score.The growth mindset scales were obtained from the Stanford University Project on EducationResearch that Scales (PERTS) website22. It is comprised of three questions which proberespondents’ level of agreement to the fixed mindset. We implemented a 5-point Likert scale (1= strongly agree to 5 = strongly disagree). Responses to the items were found to be internallyreliable (Cronbach’s α = 0.83), and the responses across the three items were averaged to form asingle growth mindset score.Scales measuring happiness, self-perceived health, and self-efficacy were also included from thispaper. While not the immediate focus of this study, they obscured the objective of the study toparticipants.Academic performance measures were collected in
-richprograms in their classrooms is a lack of both self-efficacy and a support network to help themprepare and teach such lessons. Supporting conclusions can be found in the literature,particularly highlighting the pitfalls of teachers having only a superficial understanding of theEDP5. Working through an EDP with proper guidance gives teachers the tools and confidence topush their students outside of the comfort zone of concrete answers and encourages creativityand innovative thinking5, 6.For these reasons, every participant in this program is immediately immersed in the EDP so thatthey can become comfortable playing the role of an engineer. One of the foundational conceptsof real-world Engineering is that there is not one right solution to a problem
participation with content-specific learning10. This belief maybe more prevalent among instructors with lower self-efficacy for teaching technical andcomputational content, as will be illustrated from a modeling perspective later in this paper.In this paper, we present causal loop diagrams that serve as explanatory models for the existenceof virtuous and vicious student engagement cycles11. These models serve as a guide forproposing professional development and implementation improvements for the future.Background: Modeling and Systems ThinkingSchools are complex systems with thousands of variables, feedback loops, social networks, andintelligent agents. They are difficult to predict and even more difficult to manipulate. It isdifficult to measure the
procrastinators’distance learning outcomes. Computers & Education, 49, 2, 414–422.Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2009). Teaching and learning ata distance: Foundations of distance education (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.Bates, R. & Khasawneh, S. (2007). Self-efficacy and college students’ perceptions anduse of online learning systems. Computers in Human Behavior, 23, 1, 175–191.Chen, A., Darst, P. W. & Pangrazi, R. P. (1999). What constitutes situational interest?Validating aconstruct in physical education. Measurement in Physical Education andExercise Science, 3, 3, 157–180.Guzley, R. M., Avanzino, S. & Bor, A. (2001). Simulated computer-mediated/video-interactive distance learning: a test of motivation, interaction
purpose is for the research team to obtain feedback on the modification process prior toimplementing the measure to approximately 1800 students across 11 middle schools in duringthe third and final year of the larger study. The purpose of the ECA-M8 will be used as oneindicator of intervention impact on student learning along with a performance assessment ofunderstanding of engineering design, forces and motion concept assessment, and assessments ofmotivational outcomes including interest and self-efficacy in STEM. Another purpose of theECA-M8 is for educators to use students’ scores to inform instructional planning, as well asgrowth in understanding.While there are established assessments for students’ motivation in STEM5,6 and
components: a) assessing student self-efficacy, i.e., their perception of theirown ability to perform certain tasks, and b) perceived effectiveness of instructional techniquesused in the class. Survey questions include: A) Self-efficacy (“I am confident that …”) Scale: Strongly disagree (1), Disagree (2), Neutral (3), Agree (4), Strongly Agree (5) 1. I can program and use MATLAB to solve problems 2. I can use MATLAB to control LabJack 3. I can solve DC electric circuits problems 4. I can solve general engineering problems 5. I can write good quality reports B) Effectiveness of instructional techniques Scale: Complete waste of time (1), Not helpful (2), Neutral (3), Somewhat helpful (4), Very
“weed out” course. In the larger project of which thisstudy is a part, we utilize the constructs of engineering identity and self-efficacy as proxies toexamine future attrition. In this study, we focus on fine-tuning our instructional interventions toincrease students’ sense of community. Results from this initial iteration reveal usefuldifferences in the role instructors and students play in the course as well as the impact thosechanges have on students’ sense of community. Over time, we believe an increase in a sense ofcommunity among the students will have a positive impact on both their engineering identity andself-efficacy, and thus their continuation as engineering majors, as they continue in theirprograms.References[1] Blickenstaff
more likely to blame a lack of hard work or being treated unfairly.On the other hand, men were more likely to attribute success to their abilities, while the womenwere more likely to attribute success to outside help.Consistent with this finding, much of the research suggests that women’s persistence inengineering is tied to their self-efficacy in the field. Self-efficacy “refers to beliefs in one’scapabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to produce givenattainments.”[5] This includes dimensions of confidence in one’s abilities, commitment to achosen path, and positive feedback with respect to accomplishments. It is based on anindividual’s perception, not always in agreement with an objective assessment, of
Task Value (TV) 4, 10, 17, 23, 26, 27Expectancy Components Control of Learning Beliefs (CLB) 2, 9, 18, 25 Self-Efficacy for Learning and Performance (SE) 5, 6, 12, 15, 20, 21, 29, 311 There are 31 questions within the motivation scale of the MSLQ.2.4. Data CollectionWe collected pre- and post-test surveys during the spring 2016 semester. The pre- and post-testsurveys were both administered through Qualtrics (Provo, UT), with the pre-test collectionoccurring during week eight of the semester, and the post-test collection occurring during week16. This pre- vs. post-test design allowed us to measure changes in students’ motivationorientation relative to
women from choosing STEMmajors and careers take shape early in a girl’s life. These factors include poor science identity,low self-efficacy in math, gender stereotypes and stereotype threat, lack of role models,misalignment between perception of STEM careers and personal values, and low interest inSTEM subjects. For example, VanLeuvan (2004) found that girls’ interest in math and sciencedropped by about 15% between middle and high school. Moreover, low confidence and self-efficacy in STEM subjects form as early as grade six (Heaverlo et al., 2013). Early interventionto mitigate negative influences can ultimately have an effect on a women’s choice to enterSTEM (Young, Ortiz, & Young 2017; Bieri Buschor, Berweber, Keck Frei, & Kappler
understandFirst Year Engineering Experience (FYEE) Conference August 6-8, 2017, Daytona Beach, FL W1A-2 Session W1A STUDY DESIGN Issues with Response Shift BiasTo understand the students understanding of their change in Most qualitative measures of global preparedness orglobal preparedness through the EWB Challenge project, the awareness are by nature, self-efficacy, which may call intostudents were asked to undertake the
Affective/Non- Measure of student experience, interest, self-efficacy, or similar, typically Cognitive using a survey Achievement or Measure of factual, conceptual knowledge or of practices, including Learning standardized examsQuantitative methods Disaggregation Compares sub groups (male/female; White/nonwhite students, etc.) Control or Compares an experiential or intervention group top a control or Compare comparison group Pre Includes a pre-test Post Includes a post-testDelayed Post test Includes a delayed post-testQualitative Methods Details how analysis was done, such as by coding data or interaction Analysis analysis
[Portions of this paper in the review of the literature and research design have been reprintedfrom the 2016 ASEE Poster Session Papers, which provide preliminary material for the reader.]1There is a growing national concern over decreases in science achievement in middle and highschool. Paired with it are challenges associated with workforce declines in STEM-relatedcareers. In response, in a recent PCAST report2 recommendations for recruitment of scienceand engineering students and corresponding recommendations for increased attention to strategicSTEM-related instruction and teacher professional development have emerged. A significantchallenge facing urban science teachers is a low sense of self-efficacy in teaching STEMcontent.3 Additionally, a
. Specifically, there seems tobe a misalignment between teachers’ lessons and what the STIR is intended to measure, namely, afull scientific investigation. Furthermore, our observations also highlighted the challenge that highschool STEM teachers’ face in integrating nanotechnology into their classroom. While each of theclassroom lessons that we observed included a nano-component, the teacher’s primary focuscorresponded with something students were expected to know per state mandates and with respectto state tests. More time spent on nanotechnology, especially a full nano-lab would, we think,detract from what the teachers were expected to cover.Third, we did not find any changes in students’ STEM self-efficacy as measured by the S-STEMconstructs
like-minded peers, female college students, faculty, and practicing engineers in order to provide acritical mass of role models and begin developing a professional support network - both of whichhave been shown to improve retention and self-efficacy of women in STEM fields.The university assesses learning outcomes via a pre-test and post-test covering topics withinvarious engineering disciplines. Participants are asked to provide both qualitative andquantitative feedback regarding the camp experience in an exit survey on the final day of camp.All assessment is completed anonymously; however, archival data are not available for eachyear. This paper highlights qualitative and quantitative findings from the past decade.Introduction and