minimizing evaluation burden to the teacher participants. The DET survey wasadministered pre- and post-program each year, the TESS survey was administered only mid-program in 2016, pre- and mid-program in 2017 and pre- and post-program in 2018. The open-ended mid-program survey was used in 2016 and 2017, and replaced with a focus groupinterview in 2018. The Design, Engineering and Technology (DET) survey and the Teaching EngineeringSelf Efficacy Scale (TESS)) were used to measure teachers' attitudes towards teachingengineering and their self-efficacy related to teaching engineering. These instrument wereselected for three primary reasons: alignment with the objectives for the RET; specific focus onengineering; and previous use of the
). Enhancing learning in the life sciences through spatial perception. Innov High Educ 15, 5–16 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00889733 13) Lord, T., & Nicely, G. (1997). Does spatial aptitude influence science–math subject preferences of children? Journal of Elementary Science Education 9: 67–81. 14) Maier, P.H., Spatial geometry and spatial ability – How to make solid geometry solid? In Elmar Cohors-Fresenborg, K. Reiss, G. Toener, and H.-G. Weigand, editors, Selected Papers from the Annual Conference of Didactics of Mathematics 1996, Osnabrueck (1998), 63–75. 15) Mamaril, N. A., Usher, E. L., Li, C. R., Economy, D. R., & Kennedy, M. S. (2016). Measuring undergraduate students' engineering self‐efficacy: A
”). The final score for each factor is based on the average of the relevant items. SSCS is a 11-item questionnaire that evaluates creative self-efficacy (CSE) (6 items), one’s belief that they can be creative (e.g, “I know I can efficiently solve even complicated problems”), and creative personal identity (CPI) (5-items), one’s belief that they are creative (e.g., “I think I am a creative person”). Participants respond on a 5-point scale between strongly disagree and strongly agree, with a final score being the average of the relevant items. CMS is a 10-item questionnaire that measures two types of mindsets towards creativity, a fixed mindset (5-items), representing a view that creativity is
on the unique challenges of underrepresentedstudent populations in rural parts of the U.S. Results from this study will go into furtherinforming the current mentoring model utilized in Botswana. In addition, this study will provideinsight into the best practices for facilitating a virtual-mentoring experience through the use of asoftware application in facilitating long-distance mentoring relationships. Researchers willinvestigate its viability to serve as a mentoring tool in Botswana. Finally, this research study willdevelop formative and summative evaluation tools that will help investigate the impact of theBotswana mentorship program on female students’ self-efficacy, interests, and perceptions ofSTEM careers. NC State is uniquely
confident while those withno prior experience more commonly indicate being somewhat confident; both groups havesimilar rates for the not confident response. The data presented here is consistent with the studyby Metraglia et.al. [9] who found that first-year engineering students from technical high schoolsthat most likely had CAD offered exhibited higher levels of self-efficacy compared to their peerswho did not have prior CAD experience.Figure 2 Student confidence following lab assignments for (a) students with no previous CADexperience compared to (b) students with previous CAD experience. Note: The studentconfidence data for Lab1 was not available due to a technological error.Recorded DemonstrationsIn each of the lab sessions, the demonstration
school. In fact, Cass, Hazari, Sadler, andSonnert [10] found that only 280 out of 6,860 engineering students were interested in pursuing anengineering career at the beginning of high school. As the nation’s need for highly qualified engineering professionals grows, policymakersand educators have focused their efforts in increasing recruitment and retention of womenpursuing post-secondary engineering degrees and engineering careers. While self-efficacy hasbeen found to be a significant factor in predicting academic success of women pursuing non-traditional career paths, such as engineering [11] the exact nature of how engineering curriculumand engineering contexts impacts self-efficacy for women remains unclear [9]. Exploring thefactors
accessing therequired technical information either through the library or online platforms; and, Questionnaire#2 (Fig. 2) which focused on the students’ communication and collaboration self-efficacy(adapted from one author’s previous work). Cronbach’s Alphas for Questionnaire #1 was 0.832,N=30, and for Questionnaire #2 was 0.794, N=29, respectively.Questionnaire #1 aligns with ABET Criterion 3, Outcome (1) “an ability to apply knowledge,techniques, skills and modern tools of mathematics, science, engineering, and technology tosolve broadly-defined engineering problems appropriate to the discipline”. Questionnaire #2aligns with Criterion 3 Outcome (5) “an ability to function effectively as a member as well as aleader on technical teams”. The
Understand System verification and validation UnderstandTo gauge the benefits of an intervention aimed at teaching ST and SE concepts in a mechanicalengineering undergraduate course, it is desirable to have an assessment instrument that is not tiedto the course and that can supplement data collected from evaluations based on course activitiessuch as homework assignments. One instrument that is available for that purpose is the SystemsThinking Skills Survey (STSS) [26]. The STSS has two main sections. In the first sectionstudents report their perceived self-efficacy in a number of ST/SE knowledge, skills, and abilities(KSAs). In the second, students demonstrate their proficiency in selected ST/SE concepts
years, researchers have explored the possibility of incorporating maker activities informal school classrooms [1]. In a year-long study with 121 middle-school students (ages 8-11)who participated in weekly maker activities incorporated into school days, Chu et al., foundsignificant impacts on students’ science self-efficacy and identity, as well as, making self-efficacy and interest. The researchers developed a series of survey instruments for the projectthat they deployed in a pretest-posttest mode to measure youth’s interest, self-efficacy and self-identity with respect to making and science [1].In addition to the type of assessment and the specific tools used, the mode of deployment canalso impact results. The majority of previous studies in
our research group include a more detailed synthesis of these frameworks and thedevelopment and validation of a measure that can be used across different outreach programs.Conclusion The current body of literature suggests the presence of common impacts onundergraduate engineering students who participate in outreach. Communication and technicalskills were frequently included as an area of improvement, along with motivational and identity-related constructs such as identification with engineering and self-efficacy for professionalbehaviors. Although research and evaluation of engineering outreach has increased over the past20 years, further efforts must more clearly theorize, assess, and compare the impact of varioustypes and
c Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Studying the Factors affecting Women Recruitment and Retention in Engineering Alissa Papernik, Amanda Dias-Liebold, Anu Osta, Jennifer Kadlowec Rowan University, Glassboro, NJAbstractWomen in engineering face different challenges than men in engineering programs due toengineering being a male dominated field. This impacts their recruitment, retention, and futurecareer paths. Women often face issues such as lowered sense of self-efficacy, poorer groupexperiences, and less stable support networks. The goal of this multi-semester study was to findthe factors that help recruit and retain women engineering
, limited early exposure to computing, competent preparation in science andmathematics, lack of self-efficacy to succeed in computing, the small proportion of womenamong computing faculty and student populations, differential treatment by male peers,prominence of geek culture, and a pervasive sense of not belonging to computing9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16.This has led some to see computing as a masculine field17,18.In contrast, women in many developing countries have increased their presence in computing. Inrecent years, scholars have begun to turn their attention to women in computing outside westerncountries19,20,21. Studies show that computing is a popular major among women in mostdeveloping countries. This is despite the fact that women in developing
todemographic characteristics (underrepresented racial/ethnic minority (URM), women, URM women),college experiences (internships/co-ops, having a job, conducting research, and study abroad), andengineering task self-efficacy (ETSE) which is a respondent characteristic that may be targeted ineducational interventions (i.e., outcome indicator for evaluation of impact of an intervention). All ofthese measures were collected on the survey instrument via self-report by student respondents to fixed-choice survey questions.Table 1. Variables compared between students classified as first-generation/low-income based on definitions Demographic Characteristics URM Underrepresented racial/ethnic minority status in response to ‘racial or ethnic
Scholars’ self-efficacy, identity, and sense of belonging, and (iv) to study the impactof cross-disciplinary “engaged-engineering” projects on retention through the end of the 2nd year.Moreover, this program has the potential to benefit society in a variety of ways. It will contributeto the development of a diverse, globally competitive STEM workforce by preparing students forcareers in engineering. The program also contributes to the full participation of women andunderrepresented minorities in engineering by incorporating program features that are known toincrease the retention of these groups in engineering [9]. By measuring and studying the effects ofthe program elements and disseminating results, the research conducted will inform
sense of ownership, competency and belonging that allows students to growfurther as they enter new research experiences. References1. Byars-Winston, A.M., Branchaw, J., Pfund, C., Leverett, P., and Newton, J., 2015, —”Culturally diverse undergraduate researchers’ academic outcomes and perceptions of their research mentoring relationships.” International Journal of Science Education, Vol. 37, No. 15, pp. 2533-2554.2. Carpi, A., Ronan, D. M., Falconer, H. M., & Lents, N. H., 2017, —”Cultivating minority scientists: Undergraduate research increases self-efficacy and career ambitions for underrepresented students in STEM,” Journal of Research in Science Teaching, Vol. 54, No. 2, pp
unlabeled axes. Aquestion form of this inquiry could be “Do students interpret and recognize characteristics ofpotentially misleading bar and line graph axes?” The methods employed included havingsubjects draw conclusions based on complete or incomplete bar and line graphs and provide theconfidence in their answer. Sub-questions included “Do students accurately measure theirconfidence and self-efficacy regarding their ability to interpret and recognize characteristics ofpotentially misleading bar and line graph axes?” and “What, if any, differences exist betweenstudents from Maine and the general population regarding ability to interpret and recognizecharacteristics of potentially misleading bar and line graph axes?”Study of factors influencing
elements of affect. For example, feelings can often beconsidered to be measured by a students’ physiological state [20]; and one contributor to self-efficacy (an aspect of a student’s affect) is physiological state [5]. If a student has an upsetstomach or dizziness – in other words, symptoms of anxiety – they may experience reduced self-efficacy. Whereas if they experience an elevated heart rate or increased blood rush to the head,symptoms that can be associated with being excited, they may experience an increase in self-efficacy. In other words, a student’s most basic feelings will both be influenced by and, in turn,influence, their self-efficacy.Therefore, while it is recognized that it is important to study how different elements of
, students completed consent forms,academic and health histories (necessary for risk-management purposes, as EPICS students visitthe university), and provided parental contact information before completing a series of measures(see Table 1). The measures were aimed at capturing students’ attitudes and behaviors towardengineering. The main measures of interest include Engineering Identity (see Table 2) and DoingEngineering (see Table 3) designed by Terence J. Tracey, a counseling psychologist andTirupalavanam G. Ganesh, an engineering education researcher [17]. These measures weredesigned based on James Marcia’s theory [18], [19] and building upon Betz and Hackett’s [20]work in studying self-efficacy. Based on Marcia’s theory [18], [19], that identity
identity (overall and by dimension).Scope of workOur interest in the intersection of identity and motivation leads us to a mixed-methods approachin which we couple a quantitative measure of engineering identity (Engineering IdentityInstrument) with a qualitative investigation of motivation. Specifically, we interpret motivationthrough the lens of student responses to failure, and frame our results in the context ofachievement goal, self-efficacy, and attribution theories. Students who are motivated byachievement attribute effort as the cause of success or failure. When faced with failure, studentsof this mindset put forth more effort to overcome the situation. However, students are alsomotivated by their own perception of success and failure. This
industry working on water and wastewater treatment infrastructure projects.Dr. Eileen Kogl Camfield, University of California at Merced Since 1997, Eileen has been a college instructor, curriculum designer, and faculty pedagogy coordinator. She spent five years as Director of a University Writing Program, which included leading faculty learn- ing communities for Writing in the Disciplines. She subsequently served as the Executive Director of Student Academic Success Services. Eileen’s deep commitment to advancing equity, diversity and inclu- sion connects with her research interests pertaining to student success, writing self-efficacy development, resilience theory, and authentic assessment. At UC Merced, she has a dual
-efficacy and the students’ interests wereadapted from [3]. The remaining items were adapted for middle school students from a surveythat had been previously used to assess engineering students’ perceptions towards physics andmathematics [4, 5]. Each item asked the students to rank their perceptions of each of the STEMdisciplines that they encountered in middle school (mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology,and computer science). This paper presents only the results of the students’ perceptions ofphysics. Table III details the 13 items that the students answered. TABLE III 13-ITEM TEST OF SELF-EFFICACY, INTEREST, AND PERCEIVED RELEVANCE OF PHYSICS # Statement about physics 1 I am very good at physics. 2
exam performance [24]-[29]. The literature shows increases instudent outcomes, student perceptions [14], even in self-efficacy with regards to complicatedsubject matter [29]. The flipped classroom pedagogy equalizes opportunities for students,especially for students of lower socioeconomic status and first-generation students. Incomparison to advantaged students who may have support systems in place to help completehomework and projects with tutors or advice from previous generations of how to navigatehigher education, disadvantaged students are able to take advantage of the relocation of thehomework and projects inside the classroom and benefit from interaction with the professor inthe classroom. The flipped class allows both subsets of
learning experience. OK Go Sandbox offers avariety of activities that are accompanied by different STEAM standards, meaning that theresource offers a comprehensive approach that students benefit from. Reference [3] alsodiscusses that motivation and engagement can be increased by implementing engineering/STEMinstruction through different integration techniques. Also discussed are different methodologiesof teaching engineering in K-12 schools. OK Go Sandbox allows engineering instruction tooccur in a variety of settings, especially when students are able to connect their learning topreviously learned knowledge and skills.Reference [4] discusses the necessity for teacher self efficacy to be measurable because itimpacts a teacher’s actions in the
students. This study focused on a STEM outreach program for 6th–9th grade students with no previous CS skills. The program's micro controllers’ curriculum was used to test students’ capabilities for learning CT concepts, the program was translated into Arabic, and its schedules were adjusted to ensure that these changes did not alter the study significantly. Pre- and post-program self-efficacy surveys measured students' comprehension of CT concepts, but because this was the first time Kuwaiti students were introduced to this type of assessment, the students were confused about some of the concepts. Additionally, the students' acumen for the survey was highly influenced by their culture. Despite
Engineering Education, 2020 Understanding How Co-op Students View their LearningAbstractThis research paper discusses student perspectives on learning while on co-op and suggests waysto improve co-op experiences for students. Successful outcomes of co-op, like graduating withhigher GPAs [1], [2], having an easier time transitioning into full-time work [3], or beginningwith higher starting salaries [2], [4] have been discussed in the past, however, little is formallydocumented on the ways in which co-op provides these benefits. These benefits could be realizedthrough many different pathways which may include students improving technical and/orprofessional skills, refining their identity, and increasing their self-efficacy, among
. Socialcognitive career theory developed by Xeuli Wang (2013) is the basis of the study. According tothis model, an individual’s decision to choose a STEM major is affected by a variety of highschool experiences, determined largely by prior mathematics success. Those experiences areimportant in determining the individual’s goals and interests. In other words, an individual’sbackground and participation in certain activities affect their learning experiences, andsubsequently their self-efficacy, and eventually their career choices. A survey about influenceson their decisions to major in engineering was completed by 251 students at a major researchuniversity. Possible influences were categorized by type (e.g., informal activities/camps, formalschooling
graduate, or professionalschool. He also found positive correlations between research involvement and a broad range ofself-reported growth measures and satisfaction with many aspects of an educational experience.(Astin, 1994)” They further reported that students, and faculty, overwhelmingly find it to be apositive experience. [5]To assess that the ASPiRe program creates a similar positive impact, a Likert Survey was createdto assess self-efficacy and confidence. Several surveys, such as the Longitudinal Assessment ofEngineering Self-Efficacy [LAESE] and the Pittsburgh Freshman Engineering Attitude Survey[PFEAS] were researched to establish preliminary questions to assess self-efficacy and confidence.[2] The former was the primary influence for
-curricular [11]), and applications in specific courses, both traditional engineering[12] and those with a more specific EML focus [13].Outside of these more application-oriented areas, there have been workshops to contextualizewhat entrepreneurial education should look like in engineering [14], comparisons betweenengineering and business students’ interest in entrepreneurship [15], and exploration of thepredictors of entrepreneurial self-efficacy [16]. In addition, there is a rapidly growing literatureexamining the development of instruments to measure various conceptualizations ofentrepreneurial mindset in engineering students [8, 17-21]. What seems to be lacking in any ofthese studies is an investigation of the alignment between these measures and
chosen at random with 20 observed in each of the three groups (AL, AL+, and control).The instruments are being built based on other validated instruments, including those that wehave developed in our previous work [18]; however, since we are taking pieces from differentsurveys, we are doing additional validation with the surveys we build.Instructor SurveyTo assess instructors’ perceptions of their use of active learning instruction, we designed asurvey to measure instructors’ use of active learning and their self-efficacy towards using it.Moreover, the survey was designed to identify perceived barriers instructors face whenimplementing active learning into their curriculum. The instructor survey measures 20 constructswith 99 total items and will
and whether or not the individual is a first-generation college student.Model 2 adds the measure of commitment to an engineering career, career commitment, to thecontrol variables and finally, Model 3 adds the three social psychological measure belonging,scientific self-efficacy and engineering identity.We compare the statistical results of similar models before (Model 2) and after (Model 3) theinclusion of the career commitment variable in order to examine the possibility that careercommitment may mediate the relationship between engineering identity and sense of belongingand our academic outcomes. A variable is mediating a relationship when a prior effect between apredictor and outcome variable is significantly reduced when the third