Conference Session

Shaping the Future: Structured Mentoring for Today's Diverse Engineering Student Populations

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Courtney S. Smith, Virginia Tech; Marie C. Paretti, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

important for womenof color. The importance of faculty-student relationships has also been explored more broadly interms of its impact on student motivation32, learning in situated (problem- and project-based)environments e.g., 33, 34, 35, and graduate education e.g., 36, 37. Similarly, Ong et al.’s 2011 reviewof the literature found that women felt that “professors played a critical role in making a STEMcareer a reality”38 for undergraduate and graduate women. Maton and Hrabowski III39 found thatinteraction with faculty, and particularly minority faculty, in and outside the classroom candecrease the feelings of isolation among minority students and contribute to positive outcomessuch as academic achievement, confidence, and persistence.“Mentoring

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

stressful for somecandidates, is an invaluable means for assessing candidate’s teaching skills. A scheduledpresentation is also an opportunity for regular faculty to meet adjunct candidates, before andafter the seminar, to get to know the candidate and discuss matters of mutual interest, includingpotential future collaboration. (1)Some of the adjunct faculty-particularly those who are seniors in specific industries- could offerimportant linkages for the development of industrial affiliate programs, co-op activities, summertraining opportunities, and employment opportunities for new graduates. They may also providenew ideas for senior design projects, topics for graduate theses, or render help in theestablishment of collaborative research

Conference Session

Innovative Use of Technology I

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zhou Zhang, Stevens Institute of Technology; Mingshao Zhang, Stevens Institute of Technology; Yizhe Chang, Stevens Institute of Technology, School of Engineering and Science; Sven K. Esche, Stevens Institute of Technology, School of Engineering and Science; Constantin Chassapis, Stevens Institute of Technology, School of Engineering and Science

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

. x ' x   '   y  = C y  (2) z ' p z      1 1Then, the projection from camera-centered coordinates to image coordinates is expressed by Eq. 3. x  u      y  v

Conference Session

Self-efficacy and Emotion: ERM Roundtable

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ellen L Usher, University of Kentucky; Natasha Aniceto Mamaril, University of Illinois ; Caihong Li, University of Kentucky; David Ross Economy, Clemson University Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Marian S. Kennedy, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

programs.AcknowledgementsFunding for this project was supplied by the National Science Foundation under award numbersEEC-1240327 and -1240328. The authors were appreciative of the time spent by participants torespond to the survey questions and by members of the P20 Motivation and Learning Lab forhelp with data coding and analysis.References 1 Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman 2 Klassen, R. M., Usher, E. L., & Bong, M. (2010). Teachers’ collective efficacy, job satisfaction, and job stress in cross-cultural context. Journal of Experimental Education, 78, 464-486. doi: 10.1080/00220970903292975 3 Hsieh, P., Sullivan, J. R., Sass, D. a., & Guerra, N. S. (2012). Undergraduate engineering students’ beliefs

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Khalid El Gaidi, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH); Tomas Ekholm, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

. Pedagogicallymotivated design would have integrated mathematics with applications subjects to partlyout-design motivation and contextualization problems.Much of the research in mathematics in engineering education takes for granted the traditionaldesign of engineering education with mathematics courses in the first year. The aim of theresearch is then to alleviate learning problems created by the traditional design itself and thealienation of mathematics from the application fields. There is a substantial difference betweenteaching mathematics to future mathematicians and to engineering students. 6 Alternative designslike problem-based and some project-based learning integrate mathematics with engineeringsubjects to provide a context for mathematics. 7The

Conference Session

Concept Inventories and Assessment of Knowledge

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian Douglas Gane, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dana Denick, National Science Foundation; Natalie Jorion; Louis V DiBello; James W Pellegrino, University of Illinois, Chicago; Ruth A. Streveler, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

—such as “the concept of force” in physics (FCI1);the area of “statics” (CATS2); or “digital logic” in computer science (DLCI3). The questions arefrequently based on science and engineering education research, including research onmisconceptions and common student errors.CIs often have substantial research guiding their development. Nevertheless, validating anassessment involves explicating the proposed uses and interpretation of test scores andmarshaling evidence to support the acceptability and plausibility of particular claims about themeaning of those scores.4 As part of a larger research project we have developed an analyticframework to assess the validity of classroom assessments such as CIs.5 In developing thisframework we have conducted

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gunter Bischof, University of Applied Sciences Joanneum, Graz; Andreas Zwölfer, University of Applied Sciences Joanneum, Graz; Domagoj Rubeša, University of Applied Sciences Joanneum, Graz

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

Joanneum University of Applied Sciences, we offer a variety of engineering degreeprograms. The faculty considers it especially important to apply modern didactical methodslike project based learning in the degree program as early as possible to increase theefficiency of knowledge transfer and to fortify the students’ motivation to learn and to Page 26.410.6cooperate actively. Students are confronted, complementary to their regular courses, withproblems that are of a multidisciplinary nature and demand a certain degree of mathematicalproficiency7. This leads to a closer cooperation among the faculty and thus to a bettercoordination of the courses that take

Collection

2015 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Bari Ma Siddique

amounts ofknowledge to the “placeless” Web. This has sparked a robust re-examination of the modernuniversity’s mission and its role within networked society [1]. The Pew Research Center’sInternet & American Life Project and Elon University’s Imagining the Internet Center askeddigital stakeholders to weigh two scenarios for 2020. One posited substantial change and theother projected only modest change in higher education. Some 1,021 experts and stakeholdersresponded - 39% agreed with a scenario that articulated modest change by the end of the decade.Most universities’ assessment of learning and their requirements for graduation will be about thesame as they are now. Whereas, 60% agreed with a scenario outlining more change: By 2020,higher

Conference Session

Computers in Education Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lulu Sun, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach; Yan Tang, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

engineering drawing, improve their threedimensional (3D) visualization skills, and to teach the fundamentals of a computer aided design.The students meet with the instructor twice a week in the laboratory during this three-credit-hoursemester-long course with each class lasting two hours long. Each class is scheduled to deliverthe lecture first after which the students are allowed to complete their assigned homework andask questions as needed. The students learn the principles of orthographic projections and applythe principles to multiple view drawings by hand during the first four weeks of a fourteen-weeksemester. A 3D computer aided parametric modeling tool, CATIA, is then introduced after handdrawing, followed by auxiliary and section views

Conference Session

Computers in Education Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Virgilio Ernesto Gonzalez, University of Texas, El Paso; Oscar Antonio Perez, University of Texas, El Paso

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

the schoolprovides the environment with a desirable behavior for the system. We call the academic controlobjective the "Operator."This paper focuses on the agent system by building a simple dashboard tool that will collect students'information about their progress through the curriculum in a program and will generate advisingrecommendations. The agent logic employs principles used in project management tools designed tohelp the students complete their degree plan sooner. For example, it would provide a visualizationmap of course sequences, customized for each student, making advising adjustments that willoptimize the time to obtain the degree under a constrained set of resources. At the same time, theagent system provides feedback to the

Conference Session

Integrating Curriculum and Labs in ET Programs

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ranjeet Agarwala, East Carolina University; Robert A. Chin, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

traditional 3D printing to medicalapplications. Scalfani has reported on the efforts of the University of Alabama libraries tofacilitate an open access 3D printing studio5. The studio users incorporate these services intoclass projects, research, and instruction. Scalfani has also recommended the deployment of the3D studio in a visibly open area in their library. Colegrove reported findings from the Universityof Nevada, Reno (UNR)6. He indicated that the services offered by the campus library weresubstantial and cut across numerous disciplines. He reported that cross-disciplinary users quicklyadopted the 3D printing services offered by the UNR library and that the new 3D printers wereoperating at or near capacity during their first year of deployment

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patricia Salinas, Tecnologico de Monterrey (ITESM); Eliud Quintero, Tecnologico de Monterrey (ITESM); Pablo Guillermo Ramirez, Tecnologico de Monterrey (ITESM); Eduardo González Mendívil, Tecnologico de Monterrey (ITESM)

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

Appoffers the simulation of this action performed with planes parallel to the coordinate planes XY,XZ and YZ. In Figure 4 we can see images of this simulation, representing reversible thoughtwhich we consider is as key element for the visualization process. Fig. 4. Simulation that fosters the visualization process.The intersection of the curves will be projected on the XY coordinate plane, and a simulationperformed with another button also reverse this effect to reconstruct the surface.About solids of revolutionThe second level of our AR App includes the visualization of solids of revolution. Traditionallythe subject of calculating the volume of a solid of revolution is in the chapter on applications ofIntegral Calculus. In this

Conference Session

Curricular Issues in Computing and Information Technology Programs I

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohammed Eltaher, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT; Yawei Yang, University of Bridgeport; Jeongkyu Lee, University of Bridgeport

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

. Fig. 7. Experimental setup using Kincet sensorRegarding to the implementation, we program on a computer with Intel Core i5-2430 2.0 GHzCPU, 4 GB DDR main memory. The Kinect sensor is connected to this computer through USBport. We program under 64-bit Windows 7 operating system with Kinect SDK 1.7, XNAS40 aswell as EmguCV version 2.9.0. The programming IDE for this project is Microsoft Visual Studio2010 with .NET framework 4.0.We have 72 volunteers including 38 female and 34 male, and ask them to walk in front of thesensor back and forth. The program records gait silhouettes as well as gender of the testedperson. Page 26.808.9The following are

Conference Session

Industrial Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

MD B. Sarder, University of Southern Mississippi

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

working in a marketing research firm. Practicumexperiences also allow students to design and develop a project in which they applyknowledge and develop skills such as a doctoral student preparing the components of anonline course. Service Learning Experiences are distinguished by being mutually beneficial for bothstudent and community. Service learning is growing rapidly and is considered a part ofexperiential education by its very nature of learning, performing a job within the community,and serious reflection by the student. Service learning involves solving some of society'sissues; such as, homelessness, poverty, lack of quality education, pollution, etc. One of thegoals of service learning is to help students become aware of these issues

Conference Session

Fifty Shades of Grey Literature

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chelsea Leachman, Washington State University; Jacob William Leachman, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

project and list them withinthe report section they planned to implement the literature. The efficacy of this pedagogicalchange to contextualize examples followed by immediate application was assessed by measuringthe frequency and type of citations used by all 3 sections of the class. Citation analysis found astatistically insignificant 7% increase in total number of citations used by the test sectionstudents. Although the utilization of engineering standards did not increase, the use of greyliterature in the test section increase 83% compared with the two control sections taught by thesame engineering faculty. Furthermore the test section decreased their use of multimediainformation. Two subsequent sections of the course taught by other

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 7: The Transition from High School to College

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tony Vercellino P.E., Youngstown State University; Dylan Christenson, Texas Tech University; Audra N. Morse, Texas Tech University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

critical need for qualified engineering graduates to join the workforce. The mostrecent U.S. Bureau of Labor projections through 2020 show significant growth of jobs in thescience, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) disciplines. Marra1 et al states thatengineering and science fields will grow at more than 3 times the rate of other disciplines.However, in the midst of the demand, institutions of higher education are faced with thechallenge of retaining students within their engineering programs1-5. Student attrition has beenattributed to several factors including: student attitudes and a sense of belonging in discipline,preparation for the course material, and quality of teaching and compatibility with studentlearning styles1,6-10. Although

Conference Session

Engineering Laboratory Experiences

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cecilia Dianne Richards, Washington State University; Fanhe Shamus Meng; Bernard J. Van Wie, Washington State University; Paul B. Golter, Washington State University; Robert F. Richards, Washington State University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

made the switch from Instruc- tional Laboratory Supervisor to Post-Doctoral Research Associate on an engineering education project. His research area has been engineering education, specifically around the development and assessment of technologies to bring fluid mechanics and heat transfer laboratory experiences into the classroom.Prof. Robert F. Richards, Washington State University Dr. Robert Richards received the PhD in Engineering from the University of California, Irvine. He then worked in the Building and Fire Research Laboratory at NIST as a Post-Doctoral Researcher before joining the faculty of the School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering at Washington State University. His research is in

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Judith A Komar, Colorado Technical University; Tonya Troka, Colorado Technical University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

Curriculum Development. Notable is her number of years in the Academic and Educational Technology field and the experience it brings to her present position.Tonya Troka, Colorado Technical University Tonya Troka, with more than 10 years of experience working with online students, has been a leader of the adaptive learning implementation project since its initial launch in October 2012. As the University Program Director for General Education/Psychology, she works directly with the general education cur- riculum that was used to integrate the adaptive learning technology into the classroom. Troka has also provided insight into using the technology in the classroom and how success should be measured

Conference Session

Engineering and Public Policy Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Judy L. Cezeaux, Western New England University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering and Public Policy

Initiatives,” includedspeakers from The Gatsby Charitable Trust and The Kavli Foundation, both private foundationssupporting neuroscience research, as well as researchers from the United States and Japan whodescribed their contributions toward the BRAIN Initiative and the Brain/MINDS project,respectively. The panelists described funding priorities and international efforts to understandthe fundamental mechanisms of the brain.STEM Policy ActivitiesAlthough my sabbatical goal included attendance at meetings and workshops related tobiomedical engineering policy, the opportunity arose to participate in activities related toScience, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) policy issues.I served as the AIMBE representative for a workshop held by the

Conference Session

Flipped Classrooms in Mechanics

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark H. Holdhusen, University of Wisconsin, Marathon County

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

made.Initial course design The statics course considered here is part of a typical calculus-based engineeringmechanics sequence. Topics in the course include force and moment vectors, equilibrium,structural analysis, friction, centroids, and moments of inertia. The class meets three times aweek for 50 minutes over 15 weeks. The course has weekly assignments, four unit exams, afinal exam, and a design project. Some small changes were made to this outline in order toaccommodate “flipping” the class as detailed below. A learning management website was utilized to “flip” the statics course. The course siteconsisted of videos and notes to be viewed by students before class. It also containedassignments and student grades. Students obtained

Conference Session

Delivering Value in Publishing and Scholarship

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniela Solomon, Case Western Reserve University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

, analyzing, and interpreting bibliometric dataremains a challenge. Applying information visualization techniques to bibliometric maps creates graphicalrepresentations that enhance users’ understanding of network structure. With the increasing availability ofsophisticated tools that allow for easy data analysis, mapping bibliometric data has become more accessible tolibrarians.This paper examines the value of visualizing bibliometric data. Specifically, it relates the experience of usingthe Sci2 Tool to analyze the data collected for a citation analysis project and to visualize the co-authors, co-citation, and bibliographic coupling networks revealed by that analysis. Furthermore, it discusses thechallenges encountered while using the Sci2 Tool for

Conference Session

Software Engineering Constituent Committee Technical Session 2

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Weifeng Xu, Gannon University; Aqeel Raza Syed, Gannon University; QING ZHENG, Gannon University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Software Engineering Constituent Committee

time to generate test cases as the pro- gram graph provides visual aid for test case generation. 2. Improves the correctness of test cases. Students have more confidence when they practice white–box testing. 3. Increases students’ involvement. Students are interested in test automation and willing to keep working on the project for extension.5. Conclusion Page 26.42.11This paper presents a novel approach to build a program graph visualizer for teaching white-boxtesting techniques. The program graph is constructed from bytecode to handle compound condi-tion for a variety of testing coverage. The graph program visualizer

Conference Session

Research to Practice: STRAND 3 – Principles of K-12 Engineering Education and Practice

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephanie C. Vereen, University of Alabama; Allison D. Vereen, North Douglas Elementary, Douglas County School System

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

students to assist teachers in theclassroom. Also, the instructional lead teacher will conduct model lessons in classes throughoutthe school to provide examples of lessons and activities that can be facilitated in existingcurriculum. It is anticipated that student enthusiasm and engagement in these lessons will, inturn, increase teacher motivation to engage with the program.The results of the survey, as noted, are also being used to pursue additional funding opportunitiesto support the goals and objectives of the committee. Grants have been submitted throughGoogle Community Grants and Project Lead the Way (PLTW), national initiatives that have the

Conference Session

Best Paper Presentations

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gwen Elizabeth Ellis; Cecilia Dianne Richards, Washington State University; Brad R. Thompson, Washington State University; Robert F. Richards, Washington State University

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

conceptual understanding.The lecture on venturi flow in the context of Bernoulli’s equation was given the day before theexercise took place. Students completed an online quiz following the lecture which tested theirunderstanding of the relationship between velocity and pressure in a venturi.In the following class students were given the link so that they could view the experiment live ontheir laptops. The instructor controlled the experiment and projected the image. Students couldobserve the change in pressure along the venturi from the height of the colored fluid in themanometer tubes. They were then asked to perform calculations based on the experiment. Theworksheet included a diagram of the venturi used in the remote lab, calculation questions

Conference Session

Emerging Computing and Information Technologies I

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peng Li, East Carolina University; Lee Toderick, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

important for educational institutions where enrollment is growing faster thanthe budget and the resource.After using BroadReach Extended, the students repeatedly express satisfaction with immediatelab experiment grading and the ability to use feedback to correct lab work and resubmit the lab toachieve the maximum grade.In the future, we would like to expand the BRE project and make the system more usable to agreater number of faculty teaching technical classes with labs. Grading and feedback scripts canbe difficult and tedious, and may not be possible for all faculty to create. A future BRE upgradeis intended to include a menu-driven module for less experienced faculty, and an advancedmodule that accepts complex programming statements for

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division Technical Session 9

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heather Annette Sustersic, Pennsylvania State University; Caroline June Klatman, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Paper ID #13790An Innovative Solution to Teaching the Principle of Virtual WorkMrs. Heather Annette Sustersic, The Pennsylvania State University Heather Sustersic, P.E., is a Research Associate in the Architectural Engineering Department at The Penn- sylvania State University. She teaches senior-level structural engineering analysis and design courses in addition to advising students in their senior thesis projects and conducting scientific research in designing buildings for tornado resistance. Mrs. Sustersic is passionate about increasing student engagement and encouraging deep understanding to develop in her

Conference Session

Circuits and Systems Education 3

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yoon G. Kim, Calvin College

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

with a higher output power range. Page 26.466.14References1. NASA, “SM2A-03-BLOCK II-(1) Apollo Operations Handbook (2.6 Electrical Power System),” http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/ApolloProjectOnline/Documents/SMA2A-03- BLOCK%20II%20Volume%201%2019691015/aoh-v1-2-06-eps.pdf2. A. Rubaai, “Teaching Power Electronics Converter Experiments that Integrates Fuzzy Logic Approach,” Proc. 2011 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, 20113. R. Belu, “A Project-based Power Electronics Course with an Increased Content of Renewable-energy Applications”, Proc. 2009 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, 20094. W. Thain, “A Laboratory

Conference Session

Information and Network Security

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris Foreman, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Matthew Turner, Purdue University (Statewide Technology); Karl Perusich, Purdue Statewide Technology DO NOT USE DUPE

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

several power sector cyber security projects, including Advanced Metering Infrastructure. Dr. Foreman continues to explore cyber security in critical infrastructure through novel process control solutions.Dr. Matthew Turner, Purdue University (Statewide Technology) Dr. Matthew Turner is an Assistant Professor of ECET at Purdue University New Albany where he teaches courses in power systems and controls. Prior to joining the faculty at Purdue, Professor Turner worked as a researcher at the Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research in the area of power and energy systems, with a focus on smart grid implementation and computer modeling. Dr. Turner’s current research concentrates on demand response technologies and the

Conference Session

Innovations in Manufacturing Laboratories

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wayne P. Hung, Texas A&M University; Adam Farmer

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

Fall 2014 (c) (d) Page 26.580.10 Q5: Giving the same working time and Student response to survey project, I prefer (% response). : 0 10 20 30 40 50 100 A: Strongly like 80 group cell % response 60 B: Like group

Conference Session

Innovation in Engineering Leadership Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kathryn A. Neeley, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division

and Philosophy of Science at the University of Melbourne in 1995.That dissertation, which was titled Magic Moments: A Phenomenological Investigation of theRole of Authenticity in Innovation, began as a study of the communication in innovation at anunnamed firm she describes as “a commercial engineering consultancy that specializes inproduct and process innovation. . . .[and has been] remarkably successful” as reflected by its own Page 26.631.5growth and profitability and “the commercial benefits it produces for its clients”3 (p. 2).Most of the employees of the consultancy were engineers of various types. Her project changeddirection when she