Collection

2008 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Imin Kao

Using Video Podcast to Enhance Students’ Learning Experience in Engineering Imin Kao Department of Mechanical Engineering State University of New York (SUNY) at Stony Brook Stony Brook, NY 11794-2200 Corresponding author: imin.kao@sunysb.eduAbstractThe students and faculty today have available to them many technologies that did not exist adecade ago. Such technologies can be great tools for the delivery of course contents to enhancestudents’ learning experience. In this presentation, podcast is employed as an asynchronousonline tool in engineering courses to record lectures and supplementary materials

Collection

2008 ASEE Zone 1 Conference

Authors

Imin Kao

Using Video Podcast to Enhance Students’ Learning Experience in Engineering Imin Kao Department of Mechanical Engineering State University of New York (SUNY) at Stony Brook Stony Brook, NY 11794-2200 Corresponding author: imin.kao@sunysb.eduAbstractThe students and faculty today have available to them many technologies that did not exist adecade ago. Such technologies can be great tools for the delivery of course contents to enhancestudents’ learning experience. In this presentation, podcast is employed as an asynchronousonline tool in engineering courses to record lectures and supplementary materials

Conference Session

Recruitment and Retention

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carol Gattis, University of Arkansas; Shannon Davis, University of Arkansas; Bryan Hill, University of Arkansas; Patricia Kirkwood, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

Guide to Winning Support,Organizing for Change, and Implementing Programs, John Wiley and Sons, San Francisco, CA, 1999, p. 171-187.21 Patton, Michael Quinn. 2001, Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods 3rd Edition. Sage Publications,Thousand Oaks, California. P. 247.22 Light, Richard J. 2001 Making the Most of College: Students Speak their Minds, Harvard University Press,Cambridge, Massachusetts.23 Light, Richard J. 2006. “The College Experience: A Blueprint for Success.” Harvard University,http://athome.harvard.edu/dh/light.html.24 Hickel, Richard W., “Undergraduate Engineering Retention as Measured by Degree and Enrollment Comparisons– Data for the Last Half Century,” Engineering Trends, Report 0206A, February 2006, p. 3.25

Conference Session

Teams and Teamwork in Design II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vukica Jovanovic, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Mileta Tomovic, Purdue University; Richard Mark French, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

AC 2008-2278: COLLABORATIVE PRODUCT DESIGN AND REALIZATION INMECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY CURRICULAVukica Jovanovic, Purdue University, West Lafayette Vukica Jovanovic began her academic career in 2001 when she graduated at University of Novi Sad, majoring in Industrial Engineering and Management, Minor in Mechatronics, Robotics and Automation. She was working as Graduate Research and Teaching assistant and lectured various courses at departments of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics from 2001 until 2006. She was an active member European organizing committee of student robotic contest Eurobot and chief of Eurobot organizing committee of Serbian student

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adrienne Minerick, Mississippi State University

andresearch skills training was interspersed with laboratory research, site visits of chemical plants and national researchlabs, social activities, interactive workshops in diversity and research ethics, and an end-summer symposium. At theconclusion of the summer, they presented at a campus-wide symposium with the option of submitting an abstract topresent at regional meetings, such as those of the American Chemical Society (ACS) and the American Institute ofChemical Engineers (AIChE).The program was designed with the following attributes and outcomes in mind: • State-of-the-art research experiences that motivate students to pursue graduate degrees in chemistry, chemical engineering, or related field. o Broad

Conference Session

Preparing Engineers for the Global Workplace

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ivan Esparragoza, Pennsylvania State University; Maria M. Larrondo Petrie, Florida Atlantic University; Dhushy Sathianathan, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

International

and the Caribbean.• Outreach by US universities to Latinos to encourage participation in STEM fields• Develop continuing education programs for instructors in engineering and technology to facilitate the changes in the educational model and stay current in the new trends in those fields• The creation of coursework that would enable the student to become more internationally- minded (like our current European counterparts) is essential.Research• Collaboration on engineering research between US and Latin American universities o Collaboration between professors on projects o Research experiences and international study opportunities for students• Promote the development of sustainable projects for R&DQuality Assurance• Develop an

Conference Session

New Trends in ECE Education I

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sandra Yost, University of Detroit Mercy; Mohan Krishnan, University of Detroit Mercy; Mark Paulik, University of Detroit Mercy

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

AC 2008-210: DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED SPIRAL CURRICULUM INELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERINGSandra Yost, University of Detroit Mercy Sandra A. Yost, P.E., Ph.D., is an Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Detroit Mercy, where she teaches in the areas of control systems, digital and analog circuits and electronics, and design. She is currently serving as Vice Chair-Programs for the ASEE Educational Research and Methods Division.Mohan Krishnan, University of Detroit Mercy Mohan Krishnan, Ph.D., is a Professor of Electrical & Computer Engineering at the University of Detroit Mercy. His area of expertise is in applications of Digital Signal Processing, including

Collection

2008 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Dean M. Aslam; Zongliang Cao; Cyrous Rostamzadeh

Innovative Engineering Education Using Programmable Lego Robotic VD Graaf Generators Dean M. Aslam, Zongliang Cao and Cyrous Rostamzadeh* Micro and Nano Technology Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI 48824 * Robert Bosch LLC, EMC Department, Plymouth, MI 48170. aslam@msu.eduAbstract The Technology Assisted Science, Engineering and Mathematics (TASEM) learning, with majorfocus on innovations in the use of technology to explain new and complicated concepts rather than oneducation research, goes far beyond the

Collection

2008 ASEE Zone 1 Conference

Authors

Dean M. Aslam; Zongliang Cao; Cyrous Rostamzadeh

Innovative Engineering Education Using Programmable Lego Robotic VD Graaf Generators Dean M. Aslam, Zongliang Cao and Cyrous Rostamzadeh* Micro and Nano Technology Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI 48824 * Robert Bosch LLC, EMC Department, Plymouth, MI 48170. aslam@msu.eduAbstract The Technology Assisted Science, Engineering and Mathematics (TASEM) learning, with majorfocus on innovations in the use of technology to explain new and complicated concepts rather than oneducation research, goes far beyond the

Collection

2008 Northeast Section Meeting

Authors

Dean M. Aslam; Zongliang Cao; Cyrous Rostamzadeh

Innovative Engineering Education Using Programmable Lego Robotic VD Graaf Generators Dean M. Aslam, Zongliang Cao and Cyrous Rostamzadeh* Micro and Nano Technology Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI 48824 * Robert Bosch LLC, EMC Department, Plymouth, MI 48170. aslam@msu.eduAbstract The Technology Assisted Science, Engineering and Mathematics (TASEM) learning, with majorfocus on innovations in the use of technology to explain new and complicated concepts rather than oneducation research, goes far beyond the

Conference Session

Physics Education Research (PER) Relevant for Engineering Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sanjay Rebello, Kansas State University; Lili Cui, University of Maryland Baltimore County

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

should spend more time discussing the applicationsas well as the conceptual underpinnings rather than focus solely on strategies and techniques tosolve problems. They should also introduce more ‘word’ problems as these problems arecommonly encountered in physics and engineering courses. Learning the strategies of solvingword problems in mathematics would better prepare students to solve these problems in latercourses. Faculty in physics courses should focus on helping students learn how to interpretinformation in a word problem and to set up the solution. They should also be more mindful ofnotational and representational differences between physics and engineering courses. Faculty inboth physics and mathematics courses should provide more

Conference Session

ERM Potpourri

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Trevelyan, University of Western Australia; Sabbia Tilli, University of Western Australia

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

purchase them; and what level of support isrequired and available. This does not lend itself to being easily learned. Much of thisknowledge is not written down because it is tacit knowledge and so cannot be easily taught usingconventional methods. An example is assessment of normal working standards and productionfaults or defects: is the straightness of a beam acceptable for its application? Is the painting onthe cabinets done to an acceptable standard? Such standards are difficult to document and oftenonly exists in the minds of people.There has been some research on the links between what is taught in engineering institutions,what graduates learn early in their careers and what training engineers undertake while in theworkforce. For example

Conference Session

Improving Technical Understanding of All Americans

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elaine Cooney, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis; Karen Alfrey; Steve Owens, Indiana University - Purdue University-Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Technological Literacy Constituent Committee

AC 2008-1110: CRITICAL THINKING IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGYEDUCATION: A REVIEWElaine Cooney, Indiana University-Purdue University-IndianapolisKaren Alfrey,Steve Owens, Indiana University - Purdue University-Indianapolis Page 13.344.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008Critical Thinking in Engineering and Technology Education: a ReviewINTRODUCTIONThe ability to think critically is a vitally important skill in the engineering workplace.The need for critical thinking is implicit in most of the program outcomes proscribed byABET, including designing experiments and interpreting data; designing a product tospecifications with realistic constraints; understanding

Conference Session

Innovations in Teaching Physics or Engineering Phy

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Teresa Larkin, American University; Dan Budny, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics & Physics

ResearchGroup at Kansas State University [37] - [38]. Traditionally, topics in Modern Physics are highlymathematical in nature. However, the VQM materials are very unique in that they weredesigned specifically with the non-major in mind, and hence, require only a minimumbackground in mathematics.III. THE ENGINEERING 0012 COURSEEngineering 0012 is a second-semester course in the required core for engineering students at theUniversity of Pittsburgh. All students are required to take four core Engineering courses duringtheir first year. There are two zero-credit seminar courses and two three-credit introductoryproblem solving courses that are a part of this core. ENGR0012 is a three-credit problem solvingcourse that students typically take during the

Conference Session

ERM Potpourri

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emily Wischow, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Lynn Bryan, Purdue University; Shanna Daly, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

AC 2008-2371: QUANTUM DOTS: BRINGING NANOSCIENCE ANDENGINEERING INTO THE HIGH SCHOOL CLASSROOMEmily Wischow, Purdue University, West LafayetteLynn Bryan, Purdue UniversityShanna Daly, Purdue University Page 13.1016.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Quantum Dots: Bringing Nanoscience and Engineering into the High School ClassroomAbstractThis study traces the lesson design process for a professional development initiative on nano-education. In particular, a lesson on quantum dots is traced throughout the iterative designprocess based on a learning performances framework combined with design-based research.Teacher feedback, pre- and

Conference Session

Innovations in Laboratory Studies

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ali Al-Bahi, King Abdulaziz University

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

static friction between your shoe and the sample of carpet provided.Labs in the Engineering ProfessionPracticing engineers use research laboratories and development laboratories. In ResearchLaboratories they seek broader knowledge that can be generalized and systematized, oftenwithout any specific use in mind. They carry on what is called Observational experiments andTesting Experiments. They also go to Development Laboratories to obtain experimental data toguide them in designing and developing a product. The lab is used to answer specific questionsabout nature that must be answered before a design and development process can continue. Inthis case they carry on the so called Application Experiments. They also go to these developmentlaboratories

Conference Session

BME Courses & Curricular Content

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Linsenmeier, Northwestern University; David Gatchell, Northwestern University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

AC 2008-1467: PHYSIOLOGY CONCEPTS AND PHYSIOLOGY PROBLEMS FORBIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTSRobert Linsenmeier, Northwestern University Robert A. Linsenmeier has a joint appointment in Biomedical Engineering in the Robert R. McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, and in Neurobiology and Physiology in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences. His primary teaching is in human and animal physiology. He is the Associate Director of the VaNTH Engineering Research Center in Bioengineering Educational Technologies, former chair of the Biomedical Engineering Department at Northwestern, and a fellow of the American Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering and the

Conference Session

SPECIAL SESSION: Describing the Engineering Student Learning Experience Based on CAEE Findings: Part 2

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Debbie Chachra, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Deborah Kilgore, University of Washington; Heidi Loshbaugh, Colorado School of Mines; Janice McCain, Howard University; Helen Chen, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

they just had some confidence, satdown and did it, that—I mean I’m sure they could all do it, you know, just as well.”Another way that men and women may be different in how they approach engineering refersback to our findings about design activity priorities. Some women have described gendereddifferences in approaches to team projects. For instance, one woman described how [G]uys are different from girls, when we're working on projects and stuff, and sometimes there's -- they have like one track mind where it's like let's just get through this and then we can go. And then—but then I guess when I'm in a group then I sort of have to pay attention to the little details surrounding it, like, oh, what about this, what

Conference Session

International Division Poster Session

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary McCormick, Tufts University; Chris Swan, Tufts University; Douglas Matson, Tufts University; David Gute, Tufts University; John Durant, Tufts University

Tagged Divisions

International

AC 2008-1946: ENHANCING ENGINEERING EDUCATION: LEARNING TOSOLVE PROBLEMS THROUGH SERVICE-LEARNING PROJECTSMary McCormick, Tufts University Mary McCormick is currently pursuing her Master of Science degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering at Tufts University. Her current research interest is in the development of assessment methodologies to measure the educational benefits of experiential learning.Chris Swan, Tufts UniversityDouglas Matson, Tufts UniversityDavid Gute, Tufts UniversityJohn Durant, Tufts University Page 13.542.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 Enhancing

Conference Session

Philosophy of Engineering Education: Epistemology and Ethics

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gayle Ermer, Calvin College

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

engineers, who limit their concept of technology to particularcontemporary objects or physical systems. Carl Mitcham, in his book Thinking Through 2Technology, observes that one commonality among the definitions of technology prevalentamong those who consider technology from a philosophical perspective is that in every case“technology is pivotally engaged with the human.” He goes on to assert that “as such it is to beconsidered in relation to the essential aspects of a philosophical anthropology – with differencesdrawn between its manifestations in the mind, through bodily activities, and as independentobjects that take their place in the physical and

Conference Session

Sustainable Energy Issues in Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cindy Orndoff, Florida Gulf Coast University

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

AC 2008-2731: DEVELOPING A PRACTICAL APPLICABLE COURSE INSUSTAINABILITY – AN ENGINEERING CHALLENGECindy Orndoff, Florida Gulf Coast University Dr. CYNTHIA (CINDY) ORNDOFF is an Associate Professor in the Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering. She received a B.S. in 1984, an M.S. in 1997 and a Ph.D. in 2001, all in Civil Engineering from University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Prior to her coming to FGCU she was an Assistant Professor in Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Missouri, Columbia. She has taught courses in infrastructure management, planning, introduction to transportation and construction management. She has a passionate interest in

Conference Session

Topics in K-12 Engineering

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Lee, University of South Florida

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Page 13.511.3Practice, Boston Legal, and Ally McBeal, the positive role of attorneys in society isemphasized. Many of the more recent series feature females, blacks, and minorities inprominent roles.Similarly, the teaching profession is often cast in a positive light. Teachers, sometimesworking under adverse conditions, strive to educate their students and otherwise have apositive influence. Sometimes, teachers were a character in a comedy series (GabrielKaplan in Welcome Back, Kotter and Howard Hesseman in Head of the Class). Otherseries were more serious (Boston Public).Purpose of this studyThis study probed the images of doctors, lawyers, teachers, and engineers as formed inthe mind of high school students by television shows. The prime

Conference Session

Innovative K-12 Engineering Programs

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heath Tims, Louisiana Tech University; Galen Turner, Louisiana Tech University; Don Schillinger, Louisiana Tech University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

NSB 04-01. (www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/seind04/start.htm)2. National Science Board. 2003. The Science and Engineering Workforce: Realizing America’s Potential. Publication NSB 03-69. (www.nsf.gov/nsb/documents/2003/nsb0369/nsb0369.pdf)3. Bransford, J.D., Brown, A.L., & Cocking, R.R. (Eds.). (2000). How people learn, expanded edition: Brain, mind, experience, and school. Washington D.C: National Academy Press4. (Ressler, S. J.,& Ressler, E. K. (2004). Using a nationwide internet-based bridge design contest as a vehicle for engineering outreach. Journal of Engineering Education, 93(2),5. Bransford, J.D., Brown, A.L., & Cocking, R.R. (Eds.). (1999). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience, and school

Conference Session

Engineering in Middle Schools

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul Crips, Laramie Middle School; William Parker, Laramie County School District 1; Steven Barrett, University of Wyoming; Jerry Hamann, University of Wyoming

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

State Scholars Initiative• Dr. Derrell Hammon, President of Laramie County Community College• Dr. Mark A. Northam, Director School of Energy Resources - UW• Dr. Robert Ettema, Dean of College of Engineering and Applied Science – UW• Dr. Bryan Shader, Department Head, Department of Mathematics – UW• Ted Adams, LCSD #1 Superintendent• Jan Stalcup, LCSD #1 Board President• Dr. Tim Killeen, NCAR DirectorSome of the items discussed by the panel included:1. Everyone in education talks about problem solving or critical thinking skills. In your mind what does problem solving or critical thinking really mean?2. Equipment and technology are a big part of public education. What role do you think technology plays in the middle school

Conference Session

Engineering in Middle Schools

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tris West, Lewisburg Area School District; Abe Feuerstein, Bucknell University; Steven Shooter, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

in the minds of students6,7 and has been successfully usedto help students identify relationships between engineering fundamentals and hardware design8,9.Product dissection provides “hands-on” activities to couple engineering principles withsignificant visual feedback10,11,12, and such “learning by doing” activities encourage thedevelopment of curiosity, proficiency and manual dexterity, three desirable traits of anengineer13. Dissection also gives students early exposure to functional products and processes,and introducing such experiences early in the students’ academic careers has been shown to Page 13.1334.2increase motivation and

Conference Session

Preparing Engineers for the Global Workplace

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Annette Casey, Joanneum University of Applied Sciences, Department of Automotive Engineering,; Emilia Bratschitsch, Joanneum Univeristy of Applied Sciences; Adrian Millward-Sadler, Joanneum University of Applied Sciences

Tagged Divisions

International

vehicleengineering program, which aim to provide students with the experience and skills demanded bythe vehicle industry, both global and local.The demands placed on graduates of engineering programs in the workplace are manifold,regardless of where they work. Companies expect graduates to come equipped with engineeringexpertise, problem-solving skills, the ability to work alone and in teams, knowledge of businessand management practices, as well as communication and interpersonal skills, foreign languageproficiency, and some form of international experience. Nowhere is this more prevalent than inthe vehicle sector.With this in mind, a compact engineering curriculum was developed in close cooperation with theautomotive and railway industry in Austria to

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Potpourri

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Serdar Tumkor, Stevens Intitute of Technology; Kishore Pochiraju, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

sketches. Parametric solidmodeling has following advantages: 1) Accurate description of the part/concept/idea 2) Easier to find errors and solution 3) Fast calculations of the consequences and simulation 4) Easy modification of the model 5) Direct data transfer for the CAM.Currently, the ability to use a 3D parametric solid modeling software package has become one ofthe standard tools acquired by mechanical engineering graduates. 3D solid modeling allowsdesigner to rotate, zoom or pan the graphics on the screen. These visual objects give himimmediate and satisfactory feedback of his work. But, again some feeling is missing. Sinceaesthetical success of the design needs to be verified by ones mind, nothing can

Conference Session

Integrating Math, Science and Engineering

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gregg Janowski, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Melinda Lalor, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Hassan Moore, University of Alabama at Birmingham

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School, Washington D.C.: National Academy Press, 2000. Online at www.nap.edu/books/0309070368/html.6. Felder and Brent (Felder, R.M., and R. Brent, “The Intellectual Development of Science and Engineering Students. 1. Models and Challenges,” Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 93, No. 4, 2004, www.ncsu.edu/felder-public/Paper/IntDev-II.pdf).7. Light, RJ. The Harvard Assessment Seminars, First Report, Harvard University, Cambridge Massachusetts 02138, 1990.8. Senge , P.M., The Fifth Discipline, The Art & Practice of the Learning Organization, Currency Doubleday. P10, 1990.9. Kolb, D.A., Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey

Conference Session

Programming for Engineering Students II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patrick Jarvis, University of St. Thomas; Jeff Jalkio, University of St. Thomas; Marty Johnston, University of St. Thomas; Christopher Greene, University of St. Thomas; Mari Heltne, University of St. Thomas

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

AC 2008-277: CUSTOMER BASED COURSE DEVELOPMENT – CREATING AFIRST YEAR PROGRAMMING COURSE FOR ENGINEERS AND SCIENTISTSPatrick Jarvis, University of St. Thomas Patrick L. Jarvis received his J.D. in Law and Ph.D. in Computer Science both at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis. He has broad industry and consulting experience in the design and development of procedural and object-oriented systems, relational database systems, peer-to-peer and client-server systems, as well as the management of high technology employees. His law practice focuses on arbitration and mediation of high technology disputes. He joined the Computer and Information Sciences faculty of the University of St

Conference Session

Assessing Design Coursework

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marcia Friesen, University of Manitoba

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

receptive to these fundamental views ofconstructivism applied to student learning.However, forms of constructivism also contend that meaning is subjective rather than objective,and that each individual is actively engaged in constructing their own version of reality, termedknowledge4. This aspect of constructivism – aligned with Kuhn’s view of the world as mind-dependent, or our own view of our specific niche – sees knowledge as a self-organized constructthat varies from individual to individual. Subjectivity and multiple realities strike engineers asinappropriate to the professional interests of engineering and are not part of the prevailingworldview of engineering knowledge and scholarship. Engineering science is deeply embeddedin a framework of