Conference Session

Teaching - Best Practices

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ismail Fidan Ph.D., Tennessee Technological University; Julie C Baker Ph.D., Tennessee Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

StateCurriculum), and CTE (Tennessee State Curriculum) standards for the 9th and 10th gradesincluding the embedded student performance standards for engineering and technology.Tennessee Tech University engineering and education faculty members co-teach the contentmodules in order to solidify the content knowledge sets while they increase the comprehensionand engagement of the teachers. A number of the state-of-the-art teaching with technologyconcepts are an essential part of this project as such remotely accessible laboratory, computer-aided design, computer-aided simulation, and AM [4]. DTF teacher-participants learn andpractice the infrastructure of current remotely accessible rapid prototyping laboratory given inFigure 2. They gain to adapt and

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andreas S Spanias, Arizona State University; Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan; Karthikeyan Natesan Ramamurthy, Arizona State University; Mahesh K Banavar, Arizona State University; Suhas Ranganath, ASU; Xue Zhang; Deepta Rajan, Arizona State University; Girish Kalyanasundaram, Arizona State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Page 23.445.2computers in aiding formal instruction was recognized several decades ago and there was agrowing understanding that they can augment the role of learner, teacher, monitor, and learningmaterials1. In the late 1990’s Internet evolved as a major force in online and distance education,and web-based learning tools started to make an impact2. Around the same time, we developed aJava applet, the J-DSP, which is an interactive web-based simulation tool for use in DSP andother related electrical engineering courses3. The software uses a block-based simulationenvironment that enables students to visualize web-based interactive demonstrations, performsimulations and computer laboratories from remote locations.Recently, with the advancement

Conference Session

Instrumentation Technical Session I

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Akram Hossain, Purdue University, Calumet (Tech); Mohammad A. Zahraee, Purdue University, Calumet (Tech)

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

. He served as chair of manufacturing Systems Development Applications Department of IEEE/IAS. He authored more than 25 refereed journal and conference publications. In 2009 he as PI received NSF-CCLI grant entitled A Mechatronics Curriculum and Packaging Automation Laboratory Facility. In 2010 he as Co-PI received NSF-ATE grant entitled Meeting Workforce Needs for Mechatron- ics Technicians. From 2003 through 2006, he was involved with Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL in developing direct computer control for hydrogen-powered automotive. He is also involved in several direct computer control and wireless process control related research projects. His interests are in the area of industrial transducer

Conference Session

Implementing Transfer, Exchange, Research Programs and Professional Development; in Asia and Far East

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott I. Segalewitz, University of Dayton

Tagged Divisions

International

7000m2 (75,000sf) of laboratory space.The University of Dayton (UD) 3 was founded by the Society of Mary (the Marianists) in 1850.It has evolved from a boarding school for boys into a top-tier national, private university and oneof the 10 best Catholic universities in the nation. The University of Dayton has over 7300 full-time undergraduate students, over 3000 graduate students, and 508 full-time faculty.The University of Dayton School of Engineering has 1827 undergraduate students, 68 full-timefaculty, and over 100,000sf of laboratory space. The School has undergraduate programs inChemical Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computer Engineering, ElectricalEngineering, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Engineering Technology

Collection

2013 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Sergio Mendez; Lisa AungYong

increased due to experiential, hands-on measurements and computersimulations.IntroductionMost engineering students are taught the concepts and mathematics of heat transfer, but are notgiven the opportunity to fully grasp the practical aspects of this phenomenon. As an indication ofits importance, many engineering disciplines include heat transfer as a core course in theirundergraduate and graduate curricula. Unfortunately, this topic can be unappealing to studentsbecause of the rigorous mathematical derivations and because they do not get a tangibleunderstanding of the concepts covered in lectures and textbooks. Laboratory experiments areoften performed in undergraduate lab courses, but once again, the students tend to find many ofthese

Collection

2013 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Julia L. Morse

carefully crafted part design that incorporated key learning opportunities at various pieces ofequipment in the laboratory, and resulting in a useful product (a bottle-opener) that could be keptand enjoyed by each student builder. Having implemented some of these changes, they foundthat students were much more prepared for the design-and-build project.Kansas State University’s Salina Campus program in Mechanical Engineering Technologyemploys a similar approach of a freshman manufacturing processes course that gives studentssome hands-on experience with machine tools, forming, and basic welding operations, followedby a design-to-build experience the second semester. The K-State Salina approach differs fromUSMA’s by opting for a more in-depth

Collection

2013 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Tom C. Roberts; Shagun Sharma

. Figure 6: Fiedler Library – Equipment, Study Areas, Hours of Operation, and a Web-based Room Reservation System. Figure 7: Multiple Bicycle Rack Projects – North and South of the Engineering Complex, Nichols Hall, and Cardwell Hall. Figure 8: Lockers and Keyless Entry / Laboratory Access for Electrical & Computer

Collection

2013 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Muhammet Ceylan; Aybala Usta; Fatma Barut; Nur Ergul; Ramazan Asmatulu

teaching laboratory at WSU. We assume that this willProceedings of the 2013 Midwest Section Conference of the American Society for Engineering Educationconsiderably improve the enrollment rate in the engineering college. The specific objectives ofthis study were as follows: i) to educate high school students based on hands-on experience indifferent nanotechnology subjects, ii) to promote interest in this emerging technology, iii) tocreate an awareness of nanomaterials fabrication and characterization techniques, and iv) toprovide the students with a fundamental knowledge and understanding of nanoscience,nanotechnology, and associated technologies.1.2 Nanotechnology and EducationGenerally, nanotechnology is the development of materials, components

Conference Session

Hands-on/Experiential Learning

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael J Benson P.E., United States Military Academy; Hans J Thomas, United States Military Academy; Shad A Reed, United States Air Force Academy; Bruce Floersheim, U.S. Military Academy; Steven J. Condly, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Military Academy, West Point, NY, 10996. E-mail: scondly@gmail.com Page 23.867.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Leveraging Summer Immersive Experiences into ABET CurriculaAbstractSummer immersive experiences for undergraduate students in Aeronautical and MechanicalEngineering programs come in varied forms and can represent a substantial effort by staff andfaculty, as well as considerable financial resources to coordinate. Experiences range from workin governmental laboratories and research centers to collaboration with industry partners, andmay include graduate research at

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan L. Burkett, University of Alabama; David F. Bahr, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Shelley N Pressley, Washington State University; Kimberly R Schneider, University of Central Florida; John C Lusth, University of Alabama

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Science Foundation (NSF) and the Army Research Laboratory (ARL). Her research interests are in the areas of semiconductor processing and advanced interconnect schemes. Dr. Burkett was a co-chair representing the IEEE Education Society for the 2011 Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference. She is a senior member of IEEE, a member of the AVS: Science and Technology Society, and ASEE.Prof. David F. Bahr, Purdue University, West Lafayette Prof. David Bahr is currently head of Materials Engineering at Purdue University. Prior to his appoint- ment at Purdue, he served as the director of Mechanical and Materials Engineering at Washington State University and as the WSU director of Undergraduate Research from 2006 to 2010. He

Collection

2013 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Abu S. Asaduzzaman; Ramazan Asmatulu; Ravi Pendse

singlecore processors to multicore and many-core processors properly. Training students in thistechnology is critical to the future of exploiting new computer systems [5]. Today, with all theProceedings of the 2013 Midwest Section Conference of the American Society for Engineering Educationadvances in hardware technology, we as educators find ourselves with multicore computers asservers, desktops, personal computers, and even handheld devices in our laboratories (Labs)while still teaching undergraduate students how to design system software, algorithms andprogramming languages for sequential environment [6]. The current practice is to introduceparallel programming at graduate-level (only at some high-ranked universities), starting withparallel

Conference Session

Robotics and Automation II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Antonio Jose Soares P.E., Florida A&M University/; G. Thomas Bellarmine P.E., Florida A&M University/Florida State University; Doreen Kobelo, Florida A&M University/Florida State University; Rabbani Muhammad, Florida A&M University; Chao Li, Florida A&M University; Salman A. Siddiqui, Florida A&M University; Stacy C. Tinner Jr., Florida A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

interfaces, andprogramming using the Parallax Boe-Bot Robot. In addition, students are briefly introduced toindustrial robot modeling and programming using CNC Technology. Experiments using the RS-55 industrial robot arm will reinforce the theory introduce in class”.Course Objectives and OutcomesThe course is structured into a three credit hour lecture and a one credit hour laboratory. Thelectures included conventional power point presentations and in class demonstrations. In thelaboratories students implemented concepts learned during the lecture. The content of the lecturewas set in a progressive fashion so that the construction of the laboratory platform coincidedwith the topics being discussed in the lecture. By mid semester the platform was

Conference Session

Mechatronics

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Horacio Vasquez, University of Texas, Pan American; Arturo A Fuentes, University of Texas, Pan American

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Page 23.789.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Integration of Sensors and Low-Cost Microcontrollers into the Undergraduate Mechanical Engineering Design SequenceAbstractIn most undergraduate engineering degree plans the engineering design curricula include classessuch as Introduction to Engineering, Statics, Dynamics, and Mechanics of Solids. They usuallydo not have laboratory components to help students understand concepts through hands-onexperience. This paper presents the development and implementation of an educational low-costdevice/tool that can be set up and used by students in and out of their engineering classes toassist their learning. The goal of this project was

Conference Session

Novel Teaching Methods In Engineering Technology

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tianwei Wang, Clemson University; John R. Wagner, Clemson University; Kapil Chalil Madathil, Clemson University; Melissa Isabel Zelaya, Clemson University; Jeff Bertrand; Kristin Kelly Frady, Clemson University for Workforce Development; Anand K. Gramopadhye, Clemson University; Sabarish V. DUPE Babu, School of Computing, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Delco Electronics as a subsidiary of General Motors Hughes Electronics). Dr. Wagner is a Professor and Chair of the Dynamic Systems and Controls Group at Clemson. His research interests include nonlinear and intelligent control systems, dynamic system modeling, diagnostic and prognostic strategies, and mechatronic system design. He has developed the multi-disciplinary Rockwell Automation Mechatronics Educational Laboratory which features hands-on robotic, programmable logic controller, electronic, and material handling experiments. He is a former As- sociate Editor of the ASME Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control and IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, respectively. Dr. Wagner is a licensed

Conference Session

INT. Engineering Education: Developments, Innovations, Partnerships, and Implementations

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Genaro Zavala, Tecnologico de Monterrey; Angeles Dominguez, Tecnologico de Monterrey (ITESM); Ruth Rodríguez Gallegos, Tecnológico de Monterrey

Tagged Divisions

International

ahigher level of learning than that of students in traditional classes. Meyers and Jones2 argued thatactive learning encourages students to participate in activities that promote cognitive Page 23.133.2modification or acquisition of knowledge. This paper presents a classroom in which learning isactive every day, technology is used in the service of teaching, and the teacher is a guide thatfacilitates student learning. Figure 1. The ACE classroom combines research, curricular design, teaching strategies and laboratory in the same environment.The design of the ACE classroom is based on research initiated by Robert

Collection

2013 GSW

Authors

Jonathan Crosley; Vincent Ricketts; Amit Oza; Bernd Chudoba

Spirit of St. Louis will be not to follow the sameflight plan as the original Ryan NYP, but it rather retains the path-finding long-range design-challenge. Decades apart, the electric aircraft will generate new ideas that can alter the course ofaviation, just as the Spirit of St. Louis. The Ryan NYP had unique design features that allowed itto cross the Atlantic Ocean in a non-stop flight. In analogy, a unique long-range electric aircraftwill challenge the development of electric propulsion and its integration into modern aircraft.This paper documents the conceptual design performed by UTA’s senior design capstone class based on a preceding research forecasting study by the AVD Laboratory, overall identifying afeasible electric aircraft mission

Conference Session

Programs in Entrepreneurship

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nada Marie Anid, New York Institute of Technology; Steven H. Billis, New York Institute of Technology; Marta Alicia Panero, New York Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

andstudents, to test ideas, leading to the creation of new viable companies that can employ Long Islandworkers. The Entrepreneurship Program is modeled after the Golden Seeds Program taught atBarnard College.To support these two initiatives and to speed the innovation process from laboratory to market,NYIT plans to expand its programs and facilities to house the Center’s three laboratories in thecritical areas of Health Analytics & Bioengineering, IT & Cybersecurity, and Energy and Greentechnologies, which are aligned with the areas that exhibit the highest growth in Nassau and SuffolkCounty as identified by the “Accelerate Long Island” initiative. The three areas draw on NYIT’sunique research and curricular strengths and on the combined

Conference Session

General Topics in Graduate Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katy Luchini-Colbry, Michigan State University; Korine Steinke Wawrzynski, Michigan State University; Megan Shannahan, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

16 14 12 13 Presenting research process/results 14 13 13 15 Working in a research group or team 12 13 14 16 Work in a laboratory setting 16 15 14 15 Work in an office setting 9 8 7 7 Field work outside of a laboratory or office setting 2 2 3 1 Developing/using databases 6 3 7 5 Developing/using spreadsheets 14 13 12 15 Developing websites

Conference Session

Problem- and project-based learning in environmental engineering

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Ross Pfluger, P.E., United States Military Academy; Matthew P. Baideme, United States Military Academy; Katie E Matthew, United States Army; Stephen A. Lewandowski, United States Military Academy; Jeffrey A. Starke P.E., United States Military Academy; Michael A. Butkus P.E., U.S. Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

fit withinthe current model of promoting environmental change while making the presented model more Page 23.804.14effective.The topic development phase (see Section 2, Step 2) will depend on current conditions andavailable clients or stakeholders at each respective university. Topics could potentially includeair, noise, energy, water, wastewater, and solid waste based focus areas. Available resources,such as equipment or laboratory space, will likely narrow the list of potential topics. Eachuniversity or community will offer various client organizations that provide different but excitingopportunities for environmental

Conference Session

Mechatronics

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John G. Cherng P.E., University of Michigan-Dearborn; Ben Q. Li, University of Michigan, Dearborn; Narasimhamurthi Natarajan, University of Michigan, Dearborn

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Page 23.424.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Development of a Mechatronics Course for Senior Mechanical Engineering StudentsAbstractThis paper presents the development of a mechanical engineering senior elective course titled:“ME472 Principles and Applications of Mechatronics System Design”. The main objective ofthis course is to teach students the principles and applications of mechatronic systems. Tenhands-on laboratory projects and two course projects were integrated into the course to enhance astudent’s comprehension of mechatronics concepts. Students were required to complete eachcourse project independently. The outcome of the course was

Conference Session

Outreach to K-12 Females

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Muhittin Yilmaz, Texas A&M University-Kingsville (TAMUK); Nuri Yilmazer, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; Eusebio Cuellar Torres, Texas A&M University-Kingsville; Tamara Denise Guillen, Texas A&M University-Kingsville

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

, computer architecture, electric drives, and power electronics. He also conducts research on engineering education concepts and STEM outreach camps. Dr. Yilmaz is a member of the Eta Kappa Nu Electrical Engineering Honor Society, IEEE and ASEE.Prof. Nuri Yilmazer, Texas A&M University, Kingsville Nuri Yilmazer received the B.S. in electrical and electronics engineering from Cukurova University at Adana, Turkey in 1996, and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical and computer engineering from Uni- versity of Florida and Syracuse University in 2000 and 2006, respectively. He worked as a post-doctoral research associate in the Computational Electromagnetics Laboratory at Syracuse University from 2006 to 2007. He is

Conference Session

Assessment

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mysore Narayanan, Miami University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

approach aims to provideappropriate guidance and relevant training, not only to the instructor, but also the student learner.These ideas lead us to the design and development of innovative instructional techniques asdescribed below.Assessment Implementation & Methodology Assessment was carried out by utilizing sample quizzes, homework assignments,examinations, written essays, laboratory reports and project binders. All these documents weregraded on a holistic basis using likert scale principles. Later the data collected were recorded ina tabular form using an excel spreadsheet. A matrix was generated to document grading andanalysis. A sample excel table for one student’s single homework assignment report is shown inAppendix E

Conference Session

It's Elementary

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eduardo Alfonso Suescun-Florez, Polytechnic Institute of New York University; Ryan Francis Cain, PS 3 The Bedford Village School; Vikram Kapila, Polytechnic Institute of New York University; Magued G. Iskander P.E., Polytechnic Institute of New York University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

, Polytechnic Institute of New York University Dr. Vikram Kapila is a professor of Mechanical Engineering at NYU-Poly, where he directs an NSF funded Web-Enabled Mechatronics and Process Control Remote Laboratory, an NSF funded Research Experience for Teachers Site in Mechatronics, and an NSF funded GK-12 Fellows project. He has held visiting positions with the Air Force Research Laboratories in Dayton, OH. His research interests are in K-12 STEM education, mechatronics, robotics, and linear/nonlinear control for diverse engineering applications. Under Research Experience for Teachers Site and GK-12 Fellows programs, funded by NSF, and the Central Brooklyn STEM Initiative (CBSI), funded by six philanthropic foundations, he

Collection

2013 ERC

Authors

Van Stephen Blackwood

Air Force Research Laboratory AFOSR Overview 4 March 2013 Dr. Van Blackwood Air Force Office of Scientific Research Air Force Research Laboratory Integrity  Service  ExcellenceDISTRIBUTION A: Public Release 1 Why AF Invests in Basic ResearchDSB Task Force Report on Basic Research• Probes today’s technology limits and ultimately leads to future

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David L. Soldan, Kansas State University; Don Gruenbacher, Kansas State University; Noel N. Schulz, Kansas State University; Blythe A Vogt PE, Kansas State University; William Bowes Hageman, Kansas State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

department, college, and university level. He has been recognized as an outstanding faculty member by both Eta Kappa Nu and the Mortar Board. His research activities are focused in the areas of computer networks, communications, and digital design. Prior to joining Kansas State University as a faculty member, Dr. Gruenbacher was a member of the senior staff in the Space Department of the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory from 1994 to 1997 and from 1989 to 1990. He received a bachelor’s degree in Electrical Engineering in 1989, a master’s degree in 1991, and a doctorate in 1994, all from Kansas State. Dr. Gruenbacher has also completed engineering internships with both Motorola Inc. and IBM.Dr. Noel N

Conference Session

K-12 Robotics

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arif Sirinterlikci, Robert Morris University; Selin Frances Sirinterlikci, Carnegie Mellon University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Paper ID #6213Development of a Summer High School Research ProgramDr. Arif Sirinterlikci, Robert Morris University Arif Sirinterlikci is a professor of engineering at Robert Morris University. Besides advising Co-Op, Industrial, and Manufacturing Engineering students, he also serves as the Interim Head of the Engineering Department and Director of Engineering Laboratories. Sirinterlikci has been active in ASEE with K- 12/Pre-college, Manufacturing, Mechanical Engineering, and Engineering Technology Divisions.Miss Selin Frances Sirinterlikci Selin Sirinterlikci is a graduating senior from Moon Area High School in Moon

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Priscilla J Hill, Mississippi State University; Oliver J. Myers, Mississippi State University; Yaroslav Koshka, Mississippi State University; Giselle Thibaudeau, Institute for Imaging & Analytical Technologies, Mississippi State University; Carlen Henington, Mississippi State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

M.S. in Electronics from Kiev Polytechnic University in Kiev, Ukraine. He received his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering in 1998 from the University of South Florida at Tampa. From 1993 till 1995, Dr. Koshka worked as an engineer mathematician at the Institute for Problems of Material Science, Kiev, Ukraine. From 1998 to 2000, he was a postdoctoral fellow at Mississippi State University (MSU). In 2000 he accepted a position as an assistant research professor at the same university. He joined the faculty at MSU in 2002. He is currently a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at MSU and the director of the Emerging Materials Research Laboratory. His research interests include

Conference Session

Reception & Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Lueny Morell, Hewlett-Packard Corporation

Tagged Topics

ASEE International Forum

latest HP technologies, high quality learning solutions, faculty trainingand enablement. Page 21.58.4This brief youtube video shows http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gwIHncvmLJs the goalsof the HP Institute and students’ testimonials.Other HP Programs for Higher EducationHP Laboratories Interns and PostDocs Opportunities8 9While HP corporate laboratories (HP Labs) has a long tradition of hosting postdocs andinterns (e.g., every year, HP Labs hosts about 100 interns at its Palo Alto facility), during thelast few years it has been providing postdocs, MS/PhD students and recently graduatedengineers opportunities to collaborate in R&D projects with our

Conference Session

Special Initiatives and Programs at Two-Year Colleges

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Farzin Heidari, Texas A&M University, Kingsville

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

OpticConcentration. Both programs are supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) grantsand they are pioneer in MEMS education and training offering Associate in Applied Science(A.A.S.) degree in this field.Dakota County Technical College (DCTC):Nanoscience technology program at Dakota County Technical College prepares students forcareers in nanobiotech, nanomaterials, and nanoelectronics industry. The curriculum is a lectureand laboratory experience with hands on use of nano scale equipment. Nanoscience technologistswork in multiple business environments including research, production, testing, training andmarketing. A total program requirement is 72 hours. Table 1 shows the degree plan fornanoscience technology at Dakota County Technical College

Conference Session

Topics in Biomass and Gasification Processes

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Drew Witte, IUPUI; Peter J. Schubert, IUPUI

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

program from the previous owners, the student worked in the university PLC laboratory to confirm that the program was operational. This work includednetworking the Allen Bradley components and modifying the ladder logic of the PLC controller.The student also built a “breadboard” test platform to simulate the 60 electrical sensors andactuators on Old Blue (see Figure 3). Finally, the PLC controller and HMI were delivered back