examine the resistance toadvocacy efforts, which hinders increased representation, participation, and belonging inengineering. We did not initially plan to explain why individuals resist advocacy efforts, yet ourongoing research into self-efficacy and self-advocacy around HC messages in engineeringpositioned us to examine individuals’ resistance to advocacy. Our previous HC research hasfocused on women [9], undergraduate and graduate students [7], and faculty members [17] inengineering who utilize their self-efficacy to understand and cope with negative HC messages.Since this past research focused on individuals’ strategies, we have not considered theexperiences of individuals who are resistant to self-advocacy, or advocacy for others
workforce is at stake, it is criticallyimportant to comprehensively assess undergraduate engineering student experiences to betterunderstand what is happening on engineering campuses [5] for maintaining a sustainableengagement continuum [6].Over that past several decades, there have been numerous studies on persistence in engineeringattempting to better understand why students leave [7-10]. Usually, the factors that influencestudent persistence in engineering fall into several categories: race and gender, unwelcomingacademic climate, conceptual understanding in core courses, self-efficacy, interest and careergoals, and access to social capital. While the impact of both academic and non-academic factorshas been known to contribute to students
HCperpetuates and normalizes dominant narratives in schooling through the veil of professionalism,standards, and norms that are structurally supported and sustained through individuals, socialgroups, or systems to maintain a status quo. Villanueva et al. [1] created a validated instrument to explore the perceptions of engineeringundergraduate students, graduate students, and faculty about HC, how it is defined, received, andresponded to. As explained in prior work a validated instrument (UPHEME) [1] to measure theHC in engineering was created. With this instrument, four factors were identified: HiddenCurriculum Awareness (HCA) which is a factor by which information being communicated isdiscerned; Self-efficacy (SE) that serves as an igniter towards
challenging opportunities for professional growth. Effective mentoringengagements must be within the limits of healthy mentoring relationship, defined as functionalmentoring [18]. Benefits of functional mentoring to mentees include guidance, support,feedback, and enhanced networks. The benefits from the guidance provided by mentors includeacademic guidance, career development, personal guidance, and overall aid in the socializationof the graduate student. Mentors’ correct feedback can benefit mentees by helping them survivegraduate school, promoting the professional and career development of mentee, and providingthe right directions. A longitudinal study on the effect of mentorship on the researchproductivity, career commitment, and self-efficacy of