published start and end dates and “hard”deadlines. Since 2014, the MOOC format has changed to “on-demand.” Students are allowed toenroll and start at any time. New class “cohorts” start about every month for every class. Thesecourses are self-paced with “soft” deadlines. The deadlines are suggested, but if the student fallsbehind they may join up with the next month’s “cohort” and continue to proceed in the classuntil completion.In-video knowledge checks are included in the module videos to stimulate learner interaction.The video pauses at various locations to allow students to reflect and answer questions on theirown about the material. An example of this type of interaction is included in Figure 1. Figure 1. Typical In
salient for ourparticipants. Participants completed an Identity Circle and reflected upon the interaction betweentheir identities and their engineering education pursuits. They selected from a list of roles andidentities that we provided, and were encouraged to add additional ones, if desired (see Figure 1).They then placed the identities on the three rings of the Identity Circle diagram (Levels 1 through3) to illustrate the centrality of a particular identity to their current experiences; respondentscould also place a particular label just outside the diagram (Level 4). For example, if the mostimportant part of her identity was being a woman, the participant would place the “gender” labelin the inner concentric circle. Participants limited their