; Shute et al., 2017, Weintrop et al., 2016). For instance, Weintrop et al. (2016)separated CT into four categories: data practices, modeling & simulation practices,computational problem-solving processes, and systems thinking practices. These models identifyshared facets of CT such as troubleshooting or iterative refinement as universally important toCT, but differ in how they represent CT analytically, and what other practices are consideredcentral to their models. The processes of abstraction, representation, modeling, simulation, andlogic of algorithms situate CT in a set of broader inquiry practices. An expansive definitionviews CT as a problem-solving approach that involves breaking problems into parts, recognizingpatterns, identifying
, including smartphones, laptops, robotics, and computer systems in cars, andfurther discussing sequencing, conditional statements, and debugging. Students were then givenmaterials to create a maze and asked to write instructions for an animal figurine to complete themaze. The second activity focused on sequencing and loops and required students to write downinstructions for a popular dance. Once instructions were placed in the correct order, studentsperformed the dance. The third activity integrated Language Arts with Scratch Stories for studentsto develop their own creative stories, including programming the plot and designing the scenes,characters, and actions. In the final activity, students used shapes, color, movement, and loops todesign their
anencompassing approach that exposes children to computing principles in the context of theirlearning discipline [13]; [17]. As such, CT can be seen as a bridge that connects computerscience to multiple disciplines, including engineering [9]; [18].Computational thinking and engineering are defined as problem-solving processes [13]; [19]. CTis more than coding and/or programming, but rather a way of thinking when solving complexproblems across disciplines [13]. CT draws upon concepts fundamental to computer science,such as abstractions, algorithms, decomposition, logical thinking, and simulation. However, likeengineering, CT relies on mathematics as the foundational knowledge to manipulate abstractstructures using abstract methods [13]; [15]. Wing
scientific reasoning: A case for attending to mechanistic thinking. Science Education, 93(5), 875-891.Sengupta, P., & Wilensky, U. (2009). Learning electricity with NIELS: Thinking with electrons and thinking in levels. International Journal of Computers for Mathematical Learning, 14, 21-50.van Mil, M. H., Boerwinkel, D. J., & Waarlo, A. J. (2013). Modelling molecular mechanisms: A framework of scientific reasoning to construct molecular-level explanations for cellular behaviour. Science & Education, 22, 93-118.Wilkerson-Jerde, M. H., Gravel, B. E., & Macrander, C. A. (2015). Exploring shifts in middle school learners’ modeling activity while generating drawings, animations, and
competitions," in 2020 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC), 1-1 Aug. 2020 2020, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/ISEC49744.2020.9397837.[16] A. Eguchi, "Learning experience through RoboCupJunior: Promoting STEM education and 21st century skills with robotics competition," in Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference, 2014: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE), pp. 87-93.[17] S. Nag, J. G. Katz, and A. Saenz-Otero, "Collaborative gaming and competition for CS- STEM education using SPHERES Zero Robotics," Acta astronautica, vol. 83, pp. 145- 174, 2013.[18] H. G. Schmidt, J. I. Rotgans, and E. H. Yew, "The process of problem‐based learning
motivating to see others who looked like me. 87%I was recognized for my strengths. 84%I feel that the instructors use creative ways to teach lessons. 83%The personal development activities helped me to gain confidence & 83%improved my self-esteem.My instructors use what I already know about cybersecurity & 82%computing to help me understand new ideas.My instructors communicate with my parents about what I am 73%learning.Future WorkThe 2021 survey results demonstrate that the program can be effectively deployed in a virtual format.Therefore, in order to broaden access to the program, we plan to add a virtual
winds andearthquakes, DNA coding and gene expression, and mud houses inspired by dirt daubers’ nests.The hands-on activities included building tiny bug-like robots, testing models of a new bridgeverses an aging one, observing salinity gradient energy using hydrogel beads, decoding messagesfrom healthy and cancer cells, learning about biomedical applications of drug delivery usingsuperabsorbent polymers, measuring contaminates in a density tower to simulate watertreatment, laying composite materials to affect mechanical properties, and testing hydrophobicityin plant leaves to inspire stain-resistant clothing. Each faculty member leading a hands-on activity provided instructions for the teachersand a list of needed materials. The event
male-dominated field. (Attitudes) Doubts about conducting experiments or working with machinery. (Self Efficacy)Attitudes, Adapted from the Computer Self-Efficacy Scale (CSE) [62] and Computer Attitudes Pre-post 203 Girls Middle and high Grant 2023Self-efficacy, Questionnaire (CAQ) [63]. Sample statements school (ages [64]Interest, Career "I feel confident working with technology." (Self-efficacy) 10-15) "I enjoy doing things with
Paper ID #44052Empowering the Future: Integrating Invention and Intellectual Property Educationin P-12 Engineering to Foster InnovationMs. Marie Anne Aloia, Bayonne High School Marie is an alternate route teacher with an educational background in math, physics, chemical engineering and computer science. As the first girl in her family to go to college, and maybe to prove a point, she earned two bachelors degrees, one from Montclair State University and one from New Jersey Institute of Technology. After 26 years in industry an unexpected layoff came at a bad time, she was recently widowed. It was time for something