artificial. “[The program we used is] basically just like a virtual lab website and it has a lot of bugs. It doesn't save, sometimes it just randomly won't work, and you have to redo your whole entire circuit. It was not very intuitive, and it was frustrating... [I was] frustrated the whole time.”Students had good experiences with lab simulations when they successfully imitated an in-personexperience. They also succeeded more with simulations when receiving guidance from theprofessor in the form of guided videos/Zoom™ lectures where they were either using theprogram or demonstrating what the in-person lab would be like. “... In my EE lab [...] there was an online lab desk simulator, and it had all the components
pursue. For instance, one of the teammembers had always been fascinated by animation and graphic design; this project gave her achance to finally learn how to convert mathematical simulations into visually appealinganimations. Therefore, this multidisciplinary project is giving students a chance to step outsidetheir comfort zone, learn from each other, and develop synergistic approaches to problemsolving.DeliverablesMost engineering-oriented projects tend to be broken up into pieces. Each piece builds on eachother and eventually leads to the final product. At each stage, the team has deliverables to showbefore the next step can take place. In a normal systems engineering approach, there are a smallnumber of key deliverables for a few groups at
are also part of the mix within projects, so majors in computer science, mechanicalengineering, communications, and business can collaborate on the same design teams. PDIadopts the inclusive “engineering for all” mentality as with K-12 engineering initiatives, yetinstead of classifying everyone as an engineer, students learn that diverse domains of expertisecan contribute to engineering design problem solving.This type of higher education engineering is a much milder contrast to what students experiencein K-12 engineering initiatives. In fact, many students and families that visit PDI recruitingactivities have remarked: “This is what I thought engineering was like.” Yet, PDI courses are notmeant to displace or supplant the fundamentals-first