Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 6: Design and Design Chanllenges

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James B. Riggs, Texas Tech University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

as well as a theoretical analysis of theproblem of what first-year engineering students should know about the field ofengineering. The one common denominator for first-year engineering courses is that theyare all different. They range from a single class taught by a single professor in anengineering department to 2000 to 3000 students from an engineering college broken intoa number of very large sections each year. The emphasis of these classes ranges fromteaching a programming language to teaching design using a team environment toengineering analysis. Many times programming languages are a primary emphasis ofthese courses with a single platform or a combination of platforms being taught,including MATLAB, C, C++, Fortran, Excel, visual

Conference Session

Assessment and Accreditation in Engineering Management

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David S. Cochran, Southern Methodist University and Meijo University; Makoto Kawada, Meijo University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy, Engineering Management, Industrial Engineering, Systems Engineering

number: 2007-01-1377,2007 SAE International World Congress, Cobo Hall, Detroit, MI., April 2007.20 Argyris, Chris, Knowledge for Action. A Guide to Overcoming Barriers to Organizational Change,Jossey-Bass Wiley, 1993.21 Spear, Steve and Bowen, K., “The DNA of the Toyota Production System,” HBR, 1999.22 Bohm, David, On Dialogue, 3rd ed., Taylor and Francis, 2003.23 Cochran, D. S. and Isaacs, W., System Design and Leadership, Workshop guidebook to NASA SecondGeneration Re-useable Launch Vehicle Program Leadership and Design Engineering Team, and JointProgram Office Senior Leadership and Management Team, F-35 Program, 2002-2003.24 Talbot, Michael, The Holographic Universe, HarperCollins, 1991.25 Ohno, T., Toyota Production System: Beyond

Conference Session

Capstones and Economics

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

Gang Liu, University of Pittsburgh at Bradford

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

, 16701AbstractCapstone design projects serve as the final opportunity for the senior students to apply theknowledge and skills they have learned in their college programs, and practice team spirit,communication skills, and project management skills to provide practical solutions to engineeringchallenges. It’s the best reflection of how well the current university curricula match industrialneeds. The present paper focuses on discussing the most common gaps between modernundergraduate curricula and the actual requirements of the industry and explores the reasonsbehind those gaps. The discussions are inspiring for curriculum design and development in thefuture to match the fast-shifting industrial needs in the real world.KeywordsCapstone projects, Curricula

Conference Session

International Aspects of Civil Engineering

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Lambert, Arup; Allen Estes, California Polytechnic State University; Craig Baltimore, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

. Page 14.990.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 Project Managers, Architects and Engineers, Oh My: An Interdisciplinary CollaborationAbstractThe Architectural Engineering (ARCE) Program at the California Polytechnic State University inSan Luis Obispo is creating a unique and novel interdisciplinary course where architecture,architectural engineering and construction management students collaborate to design and planthe construction of a building structure. The current plan is to develop a default interdisciplinaryexperience that can be taken by every student and then allow course substitutions for otheroptions as they are created. This paper reports on one of those other options

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering 1

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

Sally J. Pardue, Tennessee Technological University; Byron A Pardue, Tennessee Technological University; Taylor Chesson, Tennessee Technological University

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

data informing our need for immediateaction, our mechanical engineering program is implementing two new courses for first-year students.Mechanical Engineering (ME) Fundamentals 1 and 2 is a fully coordinated sequence designed to activelyengage students and equip them with the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) necessary for a career inthe mechanical engineering profession. Two courses are built from the ground up using various courseplanning tools, leveraging numerous best practices in engineering education. We describe the twelve-monthcollaborative design process for the course sequence and offer candid discussion of key challenges faced.During Fall 2022, ME Fundamentals 1 is piloted with a cohort of 39 first-year students, who will

Conference Session

Curriculum Development in Two-Year Engineering and Engineering Technology Programs

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert A. Chin, East Carolina University; Sharon Marie Rouse, Mitchell Community College

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

Paper ID #15033Association of Technology, Management, and Applied Engineering Accredi-tation: A Viable Option for 2-Year Programs and their Pursuit of ExcellenceDr. Robert A. Chin, East Carolina University Robert A. ”Bob” Chin is a member of the Department of Technology Systems faculty, College of Engi- neering and Technology, East Carolina University, where he has taught since 1986. He just completed his second term as the director of publications for the Engineering Design Graphics Division and the Engineering Design Graphics Journal editor. Chin has also served as the Engineering Design Graphics Division’s annual and mid

Conference Session

Classroom Skills

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

Jason Yao, East Carolina University; Ricky T Castles, East Carolina University; Joshua Edison Pitzer, College of Engineering and Technology, East Carolina University; Qin Ding, East Carolina University; Max Rohrman; Yilei Huang, East Carolina University

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

collaboration, overall coordination, early outcomes, includingchallenges and lessons learned from this initiative.Keywords: College experience, experiential learning, hands-on skills, mentoring, technologies A. IntroductionThe College of Engineering and Technology (CET) is comprised of four academic departments(Computer Science, Construction Management, Engineering, and Technology Systems). TheCollege enrolls approximately 3,000 undergraduate and graduate students. CET offers a varietyof graduate and undergraduate programs and places a strong value on undergraduate teachingwith close faculty-student interaction and strong student-student collaboration. The CET StudentSuccess Center (SSC) provides support and services needed to recruit students to

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert A. Marlor, Northern Michigan University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

vehicle within the limits of the rules, but also to generate financialsupport for their project and manage their educational priorities.All vehicles are powered by a ten-horsepower Intek Model 20 engine donated by Briggs &Stratton Corporation. For over twenty-five years, the generosity of Briggs & Stratton has enabledSAE to provide each team with a dependable engine free of charge. Use of the same engine byall the teams creates a more challenging engineering design test."To design and manufacture a complete vehicle (see Figure 1) in accordance with a collection ofstringent requirements2 is a challenging task for an adviser to facilitate in the initial years ofparticipation. In the first year of the NMU BAJA SAE program, much time was

Conference Session

Capstones and Economics

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

Simon Thomas Ghanat P.E., The Citadel; Kweku Tekyi Brown P.E., The Citadel; William J. Davis P.E., The Citadel; Dan D Nale PE

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

C™s degree from the University of Connecticut and his Doctoral degree at Clemson University. He is active in the tranDr. William J. Davis P.E., The Citadel William J. Davis is Dept. Head & D. Graham Copeland Professor of Civil Engineering and Director of Construction Engineering at The Citadel in Charleston, SC. His academic experience includes: transporta- tion infrastructure planning and design, infrastructure resilience, traffic operations, highway safety, and geographic information systems. His research interests include: constructing spatial databases for bet- ter management of transportation infrastructure, improving transportation design, operation, safety and construction, understanding long-term

Conference Session

Curriculum Development 2

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

Basel Alsayyed, Western Carolina University

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

industrial experience, primarily in the American automotive industry, Dr. Alsayyed has a passion for innovation in education, teaching, research, and training. Integration of academia and industry goals and activities are paramount to Dr. Alsayyed. Sensing the industry needs and preparing future engineers to meet those needs and challenges is an important dimension of Dr. Alsayyed’s ac- tivities. Dr. Alsayyed has published more than forty articles in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings. He has seven granted patents. Dr. Alsayyed’s research interests are in the areas of advanced manufacturing, additive manufacturing, design optimization, quality & reliability, engineering education, project management

Conference Session

Advances in Engineering Economy Pedagogy

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul Kauffmann, East Carolina University; Stephanie Sullivan, East Carolina University; Gene Dixon, East Carolina University; B.J. Kim, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy

Engineering at East Carolina University. She received a MS in Chemical Engineering from NC State University. Her research interests focus on biomaterials and bioprocessing. Educational efforts include the development of a bioprocess engineering laboratory, engineering program outreach, as well as curriculum development.Gene Dixon, East Carolina University Gene Dixon is an assistant professor in the Department of Engineering at East Carolina University. He received a BS in Material Engineering from Auburn University, an MBA from Nova Southeastern and a PhD in Industrial and System Engineering and Engineering Management from the University of Alabama – Huntsville. His professional experience

Conference Session

FPD10 - Freshman Engineering Introduction to Design

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Silas Bernardoni, University of Wisconsin- Madison; Amit Nimunkar, University of Wisconsin - Madison; John Murphy, University of Wisconsin- Madison; Sandra Courter, University of Wisconsin - Madison

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

seminars. He is also the TA for the Triathlon Training course on campus and tries to teach people at every chance he gets. His other activities include mountaineering, backpacking, traveling, and building medieval catapults.Amit Nimunkar, University of Wisconsin - Madison Amit J Nimunkar is currently a doctoral student at the Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison. He has been a part of Introduction to Engineering teaching team for more than a year and was a Lead SA responsible for the design and implementation of the Supplemental Curriculum/Training program. He is a teaching assistant with the Biomedical Engineering department and also pursuing the Delta

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Mostafa Namian, East Carolina University; Sharareh Kermanshachi, University of Texas, Arlington ; Mohammad Khalid, East Carolina University; Ahmed J. Al-Bayati, Lawrence Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

experience as a project manager in multiple building construction projects. Dr. Kermanshachi has con- ducted several research projects which were awarded by Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) and Construction Industry Institute (CII). Dr. Kermanshachi has received several prestigious national and regional awards, including the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Professional Service Award, ASCE Excellence in Education (Ex- CEEd) Fellowship, Aggies Commit to Professional Student Educational Experiences, Graduate Teaching Lecturer Fellowship, and Climate Award. She was also the only academic recipient of the Texas and Louisiana Engineering News Record

Conference Session

Gamification

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

Dimitra Michalaka, The Citadel; David S Greenburg, The Citadel; Nandan Hara Shetty, The Citadel

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

Science (M.S) in 2009 and with a Ph.D. in 2012. Her research is primarily focused on traffic operations, congestion pricing, traffic simulation, and engineering education. Dr. Michalaka is a registered Professional Engineering in the state of South Carolina. Also, in December 2020, she graduated with a M.S. in Project Management from The Citadel.Dr. David S Greenburg, The Citadel David Greenburg is an Associate Professor and Head of the Department of Engineering Leadership and Program Management (ELPM) in the School of Engineering (SOE) at The Citadel. He served over 20 years of active military service in the United States Marine Corps in a variety of command and staff and leadership positions. Upon completion of

Conference Session

First Year and Cross-Disciplinary

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

George Prpich, University of Virginia; Natasha Smith, University of Virginia

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

the start of a laboratory course with a series of safetyinitiatives that require students to engage with safety on multiple occasions.Chemical Engineering (CHE) is one of the few disciplines that teach specific courses or moduleson process safety. A major driver of this requirement is the Accreditation Board for EngineeringTechnology (ABET), which stipulates that students must receive process safety education thatincludes the identification of hazards associated with the design, analysis, and control ofengineering application of chemistry/physics/biology.3Safety education supplements laboratory safety training by providing students with knowledgeabout hazard identification, risk assessment, and risk management. Safety behaviors more in-line

Conference Session

Computer Science

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

Peng Li, East Carolina University; Ciprian Popoviciu, East Carolina University; Steve Keith Baker

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

exercises in practical applications.Unlike Computer Science graduates, many graduates from our Information and ComputerTechnology Program will become Network Administrators, Data Analysts, Security Managers,and Cloud Architects, among others, who may use Python scripts to perform tasks but do notfocus on software development or programming. They need to develop career-ready skills of © American Society for Engineering Education, 2023integrating Python in various fields such as IT automation, networking, data analytics, webservices and cloud management. Our students are eager to learn hands-on skills of using Pythonin real-world scenarios, which are not covered adequately in the textbook.Learning by doing is important in our

Conference Session

The Best of Design in Engineering Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen Laguette, University of California-Santa Barbara

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

identification of new technologies, and the review of new business opportunities for the corporation. His responsibilities included transitioning projects into development and potential commercialization. He identified and successfully created research programs with leading academic institutions and formed strategic alliances with other high technology companies. He is currently a Lecturer at the University of California, Santa Barbara in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Technology Management Program in the College of Engineering. He remains active if the field of medical devices as a consultant for new ventures and investment firms

Conference Session

Proven Strategies in Classroom Engagement Part II: Activities for Creative Pedagogy

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Celio Biering P.E., Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, United States Military Academy; Joseph P Hanus, U.S. Military Academy; Rahul Verma P.E., United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

inUSMA’s Civil Engineering Department. It is a mandatory course for Civil Engineering majorsand civil engineering trackers, and taken as an elective by students majoring in Management.Civil engineering trackers are non-engineering majors fulfilling the Academy requirements totake a three course sequence in engineering, and civil engineering with CE450 as the culminatingcourse is an option. As an introductory construction management course, the scope is as variedas the background of the students who take it, as articulated in the course description: This course provides an in-depth study of special topics in construction planning and management. The course covers life-cycle facility management to include planning, programming, design, bid

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Chengyi Zhang P.E., University of Wyoming; David Arditi, Illinois Institute of Technology; Peng Liu

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

civil structures [1,11, 12]; (2) increasing engagement with core topics by moving from abstract to interactivelearning [7, 11, 13]; (3) introducing the engineering design process in a quick, easy, andvisible way [14, 15]; (4) bridging the physical and digital model within the classroom [7]; (5)integrating hands-on experience with digital work in a creative capstone project [7]. Thispaper aims to evaluate the feasibility of integrating laser scanning technology in theconstruction engineering management curriculum. The study conducted a thorough literaturereview to assess how laser scanning technology can improve SLOs required by ACCE. Thecontributions of the study involve (1) helping educators in construction engineering andmanagement programs

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: Monday Cornucopia (Classroom Innovations)

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jenn Stroud Rossmann, Lafayette College; Hannah Stewart-Gambino, Lafayette College

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

wellestablished ([3]-[7]). Relying on technological progress to drive or require the social progressthat would make “solutions” widely available has also been shown to be inadequate (e.g. [8-9]). As scholars [10] have written, “Critical analyses and reflections on the design of scienceand technology are essential if societies are to meet their challenges in ways that create realimprovements rather than re-create inequalities.” Meaningfully addressing the GrandChallenges thus requires interdisciplinary collaboration, critical thinking about the potentialand the limitations of engineering design methods, and deep understanding of local socialcontext and larger economic and political systems.Lafayette College began its Grand Challenges Scholars Program

Conference Session

Retention

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

Colin J. Reagle P.E., George Mason University; Oscar Barton Jr, Morgan State University

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

problemsolving skills, communication skills, and develop a systems level perspective4. The study alsoshows a significant difference in how graduates, educators, and employers assess variousstrengths and weakness of recent ME graduates. Ultimately, this study recommended that MEprograms should increase flexibility in its curriculum5.There are no shortages of recommendations on what changes can be made to engineeringeducation in general. Mechanical engineering curricula are surprisingly similar and rigid to meetrequirements of mechanical and thermal system design required by ABET. Most mechanicalengineering educators emphasize technical skills throughout their programs while paying lessattention to the boundary crossing competencies, mindset, aptitudes

Conference Session

Curriculum Development 1

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

Pedro E. Arce, Tennessee Technological University; Andrea Arce-Trigatti, Tallahassee Community College; Dipendra Wagle

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

theEOP model as a way of integrating approaches to systems thinking, knowledge and understanding,skills, experiences, and behavior as part of the design processes within Foundry-guided learningexperiences. Preliminary implications related to holistic engineering education efforts and sociallyrelevant learning will be presented and discussed.KeywordsSustainability, Engineering for One Planet, Renaissance Foundry Model, Holistic Professional,Foundry-guided learningIntroductionSustainability, in general terms, is the ability to maintain a particular system, process, or functionwithin parameters that do not negatively impact the Earth environment. Traditional programs inengineering education have favored efficiency of the systems as a primary

Conference Session

TAC/ABET Related Outcome Based Assessment Methods and Models

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott J. Schneider, University of Dayton

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

AC 2011-1754: DEVELOPING AN APPLICATION TO MANAGE AND VIEWABET COURSE MATERIALScott J. Schneider, University of Dayton SCOTT J. SCHNEIDER is an Associate Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology at the University of Dayton. Schneider has extensive industrial experience in the areas of software devel- opment, embedded real-time system design, and automotive technologies. He also performs research in the areas of computer and software engineering pedagogy. Page 22.453.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 Developing an

Conference Session

Engineering Professional Development using Robotics Activities

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sai Prasanth Krishnamoorthy, NYU Tandon School of Engineering; Sheila Borges Rajguru, NYU Tandon School of Engineering; Vikram Kapila, NYU Tandon School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

chapters in edited books, 1 book review, 62 journal articles, and 154 conference pa- pers. He has mentored 1 B.S., 35 M.S., and 5 Ph.D. thesis students; 58 undergraduate research students and 11 undergraduate senior design project teams; over 500 K-12 teachers and 118 high school student researchers; and 18 undergraduate GK-12 Fellows and 59 graduate GK-12 Fellows. Moreover, he di- rects K-12 education, training, mentoring, and outreach programs that enrich the STEM education of over 1,000 students annually. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2019 Designing NGSS-Aligned Lesson Plans during a Teacher Professional Development Program (Fundamental)1. IntroductionRapid

Conference Session

Multimedia and Distance Learning

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steve Hsiung, Old Dominion University; John Hackworth, Old Dominion University; Richard Jones, Old Dominion University; June Ritchie, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Iowa State University in 1992.John Hackworth, Old Dominion University JOHN R. HACKWORTH is Program Director for the Electrical Engineering Technology program at Old Dominion University. He holds a B. S. Degree in Electrical Engineering Technology and a Master of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering from Old Dominion University. Prior to joining Old Dominion University, John had about 20 years of industrial experience. He is one of a few faculty members holding the special designation of University Professor.Richard Jones, Old Dominion University RICHARD L. JONES has been teaching at ODU since 1994. His areas of interest include digital and linear systems including hybrid circuits as

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering Technical Session: The Art of Education

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Nicholas DiZinno, New York University; Yona Jean-Pierre, New York University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Tandon School of Engineering. She received her Bachelor of Arts in Mathematics and Philosophy from the Uni- versity of Rochester and her Master of Science in Mathematics from NYU Tandon School of Engineering. She manages the FITL Center, which encourages and promotes innovative teaching strategies and tech- nologies for learning. The Center provides faculty with training on new classroom technologies, access to technologies and resources, opportunities for research and design, and collaboration on educational and technological projects. Ms. Jean-Pierre has taught Mathematics, Problem- Solving and Academic Success Seminars at Polytechnic University and Columbia University. In addition to her experience in academia

Conference Session

Computer Science

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

Ashish Hingle, George Mason University; Aditya Johri, George Mason University

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

on cognition in informal environments. He also examine the role of ICT in supporting distributed work among globally dispersed workers and in furthering social development in emerging economies. He received the U.S. National Science Foundation’s Early Career Award in 2009. He is co-editor of the Cambridge Handbook of Engineering Education Research (CHEER) published by Cambridge University Press, New York, NY. Dr. Johri earned his Ph.D. in Learning Sciences and Technology Design at Stanford University and a B.Eng. in Mechanical Engineering at Delhi College of Engineering. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2023 2023 ASEE Southeastern Section Conference

Conference Session

Computer Science

Collection

ASEE Southeast Section Conference

Authors

Ciprian Popoviciu, East Carolina University; Sohan Gyawali, East Carolina University; Colby Lee Sawyer, East Carolina University

Tagged Topics

Professional Engineering Education Papers

adding IoT security education in our program by: • Inserting IoT security exercises in existing courses and tailor the assignments to the specific scope of those courses • Leverage the existing, campus wide IoT infrastructure, ESDN, that is used for both research and education in a concept we call Campus as a Lab.Assignments were developed for two classes with the specific goals to assess the capabilities ofthe ESDN platform in supporting IOT security education, understand student perception of usingthe platform and learning the best mechanisms for developing IOT related content.3.1. ESDN IoT InfrastructureThe ESDN 5,6 is an infrastructure developed and managed by the Center for IOT Engineering andInnovation (CIEI) 7 within

Conference Session

Industrial Technology/Industrial Engineering Technology Forum

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth Stier, Illinois State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Engineering Management exist which include supply chainmanagement related content9-12. The very first of these programs began to be offered in the early Page 13.1118.21990s and in some cases have been revised since then. Some Engineering ManagementPrograms were designed as interdisciplinary degrees between business and engineering schools13. As manufacturing has continued to move off-shore since the beginning of these programs therequirements and content emphasis has shifted and in several cases included more on supplychain management. A few programs have moved in the direction of offering modules withspecializations in such areas as project and

Conference Session

Introduction to the Field of Biomedical Engineering - June 25th

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Rachel C. Childers, University of Oklahoma; Handan Acar, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical Engineering

peptide-based therapeutics, diagnostics, and delivery solutions for cancer treatment and tissue engineering. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020 How Does Enrollment Management Affect Student Population Diversity in Biomedical Engineering?Introduction:The number of Bachelor’s degrees awarded in Biomedical Engineering has almost doubledbetween 2009 and 2018 [1]. With this increased growth, the resources of many BiomedicalEngineering departments are not enough to satisfy the increasing demand for admission andenrollment. Therefore, many programs apply rigorous enrollment management protocols (EMPs)to presumably ensure the academic suitability of candidates. Some EMPs are