Page 23.7.3variety of engineering concepts. The students also are given pretests to evaluate their incomingknowledge and understanding of mathematics and physics concepts.Overall, the laboratory class and design project are intended to prepare students both for theiracademic endeavors in the upper level courses, as well as provide an early exposure of the designproject expectations in the department’s senior design course. Ultimately, the primary intent isto help the students with the journey of transformation from being an engineering student tobecome a practice engineer. Studies, which indicated factors that students associated with theirsense of self-efficacy, produced a list of influences that were given by more than 20% of
.Kuhn, D. (2010). What is scientific thinking and how does it develop? In U. Goswami (Ed.) Handbook of ChildhoodCognitive Development, Chapter 19, p. 497-523. 2nd Ed. Wiley-Blackwell.Lawson, A. (1978). The development and validation of a classroom test of formal reasoning. Journal of Research inScience Teaching, 15(1), 11–24. doi:10.1002/tea.3660150103.Lawson, A. (2004). The nature and development of scientific reasoning: a synthetic view. International Journal ofScience and Mathematics Education, 2(3), 307–338. doi:10.1007/s10763-004-3224-2.Lawson, A. E., Banks, D. L., & Logvin, M. (2007). Self-efficacy , reasoning ability , and achievement in collegebiology. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 44(5), 706–724.Tiruneh, D. T., De Cock