humanistic approach to engineering education, it is a suitable frameworkto evaluate the impact of sociotechnical engineering courses (i.e., a humanistic approach toengineering education) on students’ attitudes toward and perceptions of engineering.Furthermore, this framework explicitly describes and explains the possible connections betweenstudents’ attitudes toward and perceptions of engineering, making it appropriate for a studyinterested in exploring these relationships. The framework has been used to guide how weconceptualize sociotechnical engineering. The instrument used for this study included items andconstructs that align with all three dimensions of Fila et al.’s [1] framework.MethodsSurvey responses collected from undergraduate
specificity without the formalized structure required by asystematic review (Arksey & O’Malley, 2005; Borrego et al., 2014; Grant & Booth, 2009;Samnani et al., 2017). ScLRs are particularly useful for quickly mapping out key concepts,existing literature, and evidence to identify gaps in current research defined by a specificresearch question (Arksey & O’Malley, 2005; Samnani et al., 2017). Our study used Arksey andO’Malley’s (2005) ScLR framework (Figure 1), which recommends a five-stage protocol forconducting a scoping review: (1) identify research question(s), (2) identify relevant studies, (3)select relevant studies, (4) chart the data, and (5) summarize and report the results. Figure 1further details the process used in our