module to work in most efficient conditions; b) buffer stage (BS)stores the energy collected form the solar panel into the energy storage devices (super-capacitorand battery); and c) output stage (OS) generates a stable voltage supply for the low-power WSNapplications. In the following we introduce the building blocks providing design guidelines andconsiderations, which help to optimize the performance of the harvester.Fig. 2 Block diagram of the proposed systemThe MPPT algorithm is designed to automatically find the operating point (VPV, IPV) at which aPV module should operate to obtain the maximum output power under a given temperature and Page
experimental research accomplished overseas (priorities dependent on foreign laboratories) -Arctic ocean research leadership threatened (with oceans warming arctic ice melting opens up a arctic for naval assets) b. A threat to economic security -coastal natural disaster costs need to be minimized through robust prevention, mitigation, response and recovery focused research -a backlog of maintenance/upgrading of beaches leads to diminishing income from international tourists. Research can help minimize maintenance costs -an acceleration of ocean/coastal farming research would decrease fish/shellfish
) (b) (c) (d) Figure 3. Example Screenshots from AUV Workbench UsvBoxTest X3D View Simulation 1Figure 3 shows four independent views of the UsBoxTest demonstration mission.1 3(a) is arepresentation of the operations area, whereas 3(b) shows the grid area. 1 The starboard view canbe seen in 3(c) while 3(d) is a bird’s-eye view of the vehicle from 100 m above. 1 Telemetry dataand plots become available to the user once the mission is stopped or finished. 12-14 Telemetryplots for missions include data such as real Cartesian (X,Y) coordinates (see Figure 4), pitch,roll, yaw or the rudder angle to name a few. 1-5