Conference Session

Equity and Ethics in Engineering-II

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Claire Yu Yan P.Eng., University of British Columbia, Okanagan

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

seeapplications of math and sciences (Figure 1). For the 2020 cohort, this positive impact mayexplain the increased percent of students planning to take advanced math, physics and chemistry(Figure 2, a-c), planning to study engineering in post-secondary (Figure 3, a-b), and consideringcareers using math and sciences (Figure 4, a-b). For the 2021 cohort, the results are mixed;although most students appreciated the applications of math and sciences after they took UBCOEngineering 11, three students changed their mind on taking advanced math, physics andchemistry (Figure 2, d-f). Without further information, it is hard to tell if this shift was correlatedto their experience in Engineering 11 or due to any external factors. As the responses from the2020

Conference Session

Innovation In Teaching - I

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Heather Marriott, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Prescott

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

selected to continue updating the Lunar Languages app in adirected study software engineering course on mobile application development CS399. Thesestudents are in the process of address the issues mentioned in student feedback and expandingupon the offered content. I will continue to introduce the app to my CS118 classes as an optionaltool they can use to study python programming. In the future we would like to allow forcustomization of points of interest so the game will be more useful to students that are notpresently on the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Prescott campus.[1] Isong, B. "A Methodology for Teaching Computer Programming: first year students' perspective" I.J. Modern Education and Computer Science, pp. 15-21, September

Conference Session

Curriculum Challenges

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Christoph Johannes Sielmann P.Eng., University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Casey James Keulen, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; ANGELA Mercy RUTAKOMOZIBWA

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

equity of experience for students,” 2011.[5] R. Hjelsvold and A. Bahmani, “Challenges in Repurposing Single-Campus Courses to Multi-Campus Settings,” Læring om læring, vol. 3, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Apr. 2019, Accessed: Sep. 14, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/lol/article/view/3033[6] A. Bahmani, R. Hjelsvold, and B. R. Krogstie, “ICT-Based Challenges of Repurposing a Single-Campus Course to Multi-campus Settings: A Pragmatic Case Study,” in Digital Transformation for a Sustainable Society in the 21st Century, Cham, 2019, pp. 641–653. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-29374-1_52.[7] C. Niyizamwiyitira, “Teaching using video-conferencing: approaches and challenges,” Lärarlärdom, pp. 103– 123

Conference Session

Virtual Engineering

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Indumathi Jeyachandran, San Jose State University; Laura E Sullivan-Green, San Jose State University

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission, Diversity

. Subsequently, course coordinators were sent an emailrequesting they modify the course SLOs based on the new PCs if needed.The new PCs and the mapping of PCs to old and new ABET outcomes, courses and the coursecoverage guidelines are shown in Figure 1, and Table 1. The courses are color-coded to indicatethe corresponding coverage in the PCs in Table 1.Figure 1: Mapping of Revised New PCs to old and New ABET Outcomes.Table 1: Mapping of New PCs to Courses New Performance Criteria Courses a. Demonstrate an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics and CE 112, CE 190 science to solve complex engineering problems. b. Demonstrate an ability to identify, formulate, and solve complex CE 131, CE 170

Conference Session

Innovation In Teaching - I

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Daniel E Kane, Utah State University; Theresa Green, Utah State University - Engineering Education; Natalie L Shaheen, Illinois State University; Wade H Goodridge, Utah State University

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission, Diversity

running through the middle of it indicating an imaginarycutting plane that passes through the object. The objective for the test-taker is to determine thetwo-dimensional cross-sectional outline created at the interface of the paper plane with the edgesof the plastic object. This outline represents a cut surface. Answer sheets are provided to theparticipants in a tactile graphic or large print format, based on that participant’s reading medium,showing five possible shapes that could represent the correct cross-sectional shape. Moreinformation on the adaptation of the TMCT can be found in a previous publication [22]. For thepurposes of this research, the test was split into two versions (subtest A and subtest B) of equallength and difficulty. Each

Conference Session

Case Studies

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Yuri R. Rodrigues, Seattle Pacific University

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission, Diversity

: Complexity—Diversity—Coherence—Meaningfulness”, Interdisciplinary and Social Nature of Engineering Practices, Studies in AppliedPhilosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics, Springer Nature.[11] Verkerk, M. J., Hoogland, J., Van der Stoep, J., & De Vries,M. J. (2016). Philosophy oftechnology. An introduction for technology and business students. Routledge.[12] Dooyeweerd, H. (1955). A new critique of theoretical thought, 1975 ed., (1). Paideia Press.[13] Verkerk, M. J., Ribeiro, P. F., Basden, A., & Hoogland, J. (2018). An explorativephilosophical study of envisaging the electrical energy infrastructure of the future. PhilosophiaReformata, 83, 90–110.[14] Souza, A., Bonatto, B., & Ribeiro, P. (2019). Emerging smart microgrid power

Conference Session

Student Success and Interactions

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

M. Javed Khan, Tuskegee University; Chadia A. Aji, Tuskegee University

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

towards the higher intellectual levels. The participants of this study are beingtracked longitudinally to better understand the correlation between academic standing and theirmental models. Data will be collected every year.AcknowledgementsThe research is supported by NSF Grant # 1832041.References[1] W. O. Perry. “Intellectual and ethical development in the college years: A Scheme,” NewYork: Holt, Rinehart and Wiston, 1970.[2] M. F. Belenky, B. M. Clinchy, N. R. Goldberger, and J. M. Tarule. “Women's ways ofknowing: The development of self-voice and mind,” New York: Basic Books, 1986.[3] B. K. Hofer, and P. R. Pintrich. “The Development of Epistemological Theories: BeliefsAbout Knowledge and Knowing and Their Relation to Learning,” Review of

Conference Session

Virtual Engineering

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Chadia A. Aji, Tuskegee University; M. Javed Khan, Tuskegee University

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

: 9780393356854, W. W. Norton & Company, 2019.[8] J. S. Aubrey, M. B. Robb, J. Bailey, and J. Bailenson. “Virtual Reality 101: What you need toknow about kids and VR,” 2018. [Online].https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/uploads/pdfs/csm_vr101_final.pdf[Accessed on Feb 2022].[9] [Online]. https://edscoop.com/virtual-reality-technology-universities/ [Accessed on Feb2022].[10]. T. A. Mikropoulos, and A. Natsis. “Educational virtual environments: A ten-year review ofempirical research (1999–2009),” Computers & Education, Vol. 56, No. 3, April 2011. pp 769-780[11] K.C. Cassidy, J. Šefčík, Y. Raghav, A. Chang, J. D. Durrant. “ProteinVR: Web-basedmolecular visualization in virtual reality,” PLoS Comput Biol 16(3): e1007747, 2020.https

Conference Session

Supporting Transfer Pathways

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Dwayne D Arola, University of Washington; Sandra B Maddox, University of Washington; Cara Margherio, University of Washington; Lilo Pozzo, University of Washington; Eleftheria Roumeli, University of Washington; Ismael Fajardo, City of Seattle, Department of Education and Early Learning

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

Paper ID #35762An S-STEM Scholarship Program Engaging Transfer Students in theMaterials Intensive Engineering Departments: Successes And UnexpectedChallengesProf. Dwayne D Arola, University of Washington Dr. Arola is an Associate Professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the Uni- versity of Washington. He has been committed to improving engineering education for over 20 years and is primarily focused on improving the success of transfer students.Sandra B Maddox, University of WashingtonDr. Cara Margherio, University of Washington Cara Margherio is the Assistant Director of the UW Center for Evaluation

Conference Session

Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Kirsten A Davis, Boise State University

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

Conference Session

Curriculum Challenges

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

Conference Session

Hands On Experience

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

Conference Session

Equity and Ethics in Engineering-II

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Jonathan Verrett P.Eng., University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Tasnia Naim Anika, University of British Columbia, Vancouver

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission, Diversity

Paper ID #35925Leadership development in co-curricular student groups: aphenomenographic studyDr. Jonathan Verrett P.Eng., University of British Columbia, Vancouver Jonathan Verrett is an Associate Professor of Teaching in the Department of Chemical and Biological En- gineering at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. He teaches a variety of topics with a focus on design in chemical and biological engineering. His pedagogical interests include leadership development, open education and peer-learning.Tasnia Naim Anika, University of British Columbia, Vancouver American

Conference Session

Engineering and Society

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Jonathan Verrett P.Eng., University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Siba Saleh, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Tasnia Naim Anika, University of British Columbia, Vancouver

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

Paper ID #35923Implementing community-engaged learning (CEL) in a second-yearengineering design courseDr. Jonathan Verrett P.Eng., University of British Columbia, Vancouver Jonathan Verrett is an Associate Professor of Teaching in the Department of Chemical and Biological En- gineering at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. He teaches a variety of topics with a focus on design in chemical and biological engineering. His pedagogical interests include leadership development, open education and peer-learning.Siba Saleh, University of British Columbia, VancouverTasnia Naim Anika, University of British Columbia

Conference Session

Hands On Experience

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Ulan Dakeev, Sam Houston State University; Reg Recayi Pecen, Sam Houston State University; Faruk Yildiz, Sam Houston State University; Iftekhar Ibne Basith, Sam Houston State University; Suleiman M Obeidat, Texas A&M University; Lain Edward Sowell, Sam Houston State University

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

Paper ID #35761Development of Virtual Reality Robotics Laboratory SimulationDr. Ulan Dakeev, Sam Houston State University Dr. Ulan Dakeev is an Assistant Professor in the Engineering Technology Department at Sam Houston State University. His areas of research include Virtual & Augmented Reality, renewable energy (wind energy), quality in higher education, motivation, and engagement of students.Dr. Reg Recayi Pecen, Sam Houston State University Dr. Reg Pecen is currently a Quanta Endowed Professor of the Department of Engineering Technology at Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, Texas. Dr. Pecen was formerly a

Conference Session

Supporting Transfer Pathways

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Kathryn Mary Rupe, Western Washington University; Eric Davishahl, Whatcom Community College

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grantnumbers DUE #1834425, 1834417 and 2022412. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions orrecommendations expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views ofthe NSF.References[1] N. Johnson-Glauch and G. L. Herman, "Engineering representations guide student problem-solving in statics," Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 108, pp. 220-246, 2019.[2] T. Litzinger, P. Meter, C. M. Firetto, L. J. Passmore, C. B. Masters, S. R. Turns, G. L. Gray, F. Costanzo and a. S. E. Zappe, "A Cognitive Study of Problem Solving in Statics," Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 99, pp. 337-353, 2010.[3] R. A. Streveler, T. A. Litzinger, R. L

Conference Session

Hands On Experience

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Troy Cristobal, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Eileen W. Rossman, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Brian P. Self, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

model. At this pointstudents discussed what they observed, and wrote down a follow-up explanation of the resultusing dynamics principles. During the activity, the instructor and learning assistants visited thedifferent groups and asked guiding questions to help the students with the activity. Between eachcase, the instructor led a class discussion to be sure the students had a firm grasp of the previouscases before moving on to the next case. (A) (B)Figure 1. 3D printed rigid body kinematics kits used in the hands-on activity. (A) Four-barlinkage model. (B) Slider-crank model.Assessment To assess the results of this activity, students were provided access to a voluntary,anonymous

Conference Session

Student Success and Interactions

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Adam Steven Weaver, Utah State University; Jack Elliott, Utah State University

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

Hannah Nodal Nodal J-Dawg John John Deere Deere Figure 3. Sociograms of Sub-Network Comparisons. Participants’ resolved sub-networks are represented by dark green nodes, with parent nodes rendered as diamonds. Light green nodes represent resolved names belonging to an expanded sub-network. The red nodes represent an ambiguous partial name. We expand an original participant’s sub-network (A), or contrast two potentially related sub-networks (B) to prove that

Conference Session

Case Studies

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Benjamin David Lutz, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Aimee Tai Chiem, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Christianna Bethel

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

between design activities and external representations for engineering student designers. Design Studies, 27(1), 5–24.Castillo-Sepúlveda, J., & Pasmanik, D. (2021). Toward the understanding of ‘the human’in engineering: a discourse analysis. European Journal of Engineering Education, 1–14.Cuellar, M. E., Trageser, D., Cruz-Lozano, R., & Lutz, B. D. (2020). Exploring the Influence of Gender Composition and Activity Structure on Engineering Teams’ Ideation Effectiveness. In American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference. Virtual.Dennis, A. R., Minas, R. K., & Bhagwatwar, A. P. (2013). Sparking creativity: Improving electronic brainstorming with individual cognitive priming. Journal of Management

Conference Session

Innovation In Teaching - II

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Harly Ramsey, University of Southern California; Yee Lan Elaine Wong

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission, Diversity

Theory. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2018.[10] B. Burnett and D. Evans, Designing Your Life: How to Build a Well-Lived, Joyful Life. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 2016.[11] N. S. Mikkelsen and K. T. Vangkilde, "The Hygienic Problem of Social Innovation Work: Reversibility and Oscillations between “the Social” and “the Economic”," Anthropology of Work Review, vol. 42, (1), pp. 47-56, 2021. Available: https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/hygienic-problem-social-innovation-work/docview/25567686 77/se-2?accountid=14749. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/awr.12218.[12] S. Mauksch, M. R. Pascal Dey, and S. Teasdale, “Ethnographies of Social Enterprise,” Social Enterprise Journal 13(2): 114–27, 2017.[13] J

Conference Session

Innovation In Teaching - I

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Matthew J Haslam, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Prescott

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

Report Writing Instructor Sections Taught % of Grade Allotted to % of Grade Allotted to by Instructor Team-based Assignments Team Writing A 1 20% 10% B 2 0% 0% C 3 40%* 20%* D 2 25% 14% E 1 0% 0%* Instructor C allows students to work in groups of two to three on two of the three primary class projects.A total of 66 students (34

Conference Session

Equity and Ethics in Engineering-I

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Agnes Germaine d'Entremont P.Eng., University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Jennifer Pelletier, University of British Columbia

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission, Diversity

: A research-based guide to break down popular stereotypes about science and scientists, 2017, pp. 1–18.[2] A. L. Zydney, J. S. Bennett, A. Shahid, and K. W. Bauer, “Impact of Undergraduate Research,” J. Eng. Educ., vol. 91(2), no. April, pp. 151–157, 2002.[3] D. F. Carter, H. K. Ro, B. Alcott, and L. R. Lattuca, Co-Curricular Connections: The Role of Undergraduate Research Experiences in Promoting Engineering Students’ Communication, Teamwork, and Leadership Skills, vol. 57, no. 3. Springer Netherlands, 2016.[4] M. K. Eagan, S. Hurtado, M. J. Chang, G. A. Garcia, F. A. Herrera, and J. C. Garibay, Making a Difference in Science Education: The Impact of Undergraduate Research Programs, vol. 50, no. 4

Conference Session

Student Success and Interactions

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Shahab Boumi, University of Central Florida; Adan Ernesto Vela

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

., grade counts. As described in Section 2, each semester, we represent a student’sacademic performance according to a tuple with five elements, in which the first, second, and thirdelements are integers indicating the number of courses with A, B, and C grades. The fourth andfifth elements are variables indicating the number of D or F grades, and how many courses thestudent has withdrawn. Under the assertion that the grade counts earned each semester aredependent (e.g., the number of A’s earned is correlated to the number of B’s, C’s, etc.), it isreasonable to consider each unique grade-tuple to be a possible observation. Within the data-setunder consideration, over 687 unique grade combinations in a semester have been observed. Themost common grade

Conference Session

Equity and Ethics in Engineering-II

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

James Gordon Walker, Seattle Pacific University, College of Arts and Sciences, Engineering Department; Gina Howe P.E., Seattle Pacific University; Melani Plett, Seattle Pacific University

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission, Diversity

and Inclusion Our Engineering and Computer Science Programs’ mission statement reads in part thatwe are a “diverse and supportive Christian community,” and our engineering program is morediverse than the national average in terms of race and gender. But that certainly doesn’tguarantee that all students feel included. Therefore, the course sequence aims to facilitate andmodel supportive inclusivity in various areas, such as ethnicity, cultural identity, religiousbeliefs, gender, age, ability/disability, socioeconomic status, life experiences, etc. In our view, the senior design course sequence is doing some things well, including a)team forming and building, b) hearing the students’ voices, c) holding discussions aboutdiversity

Conference Session

Innovation In Teaching - II

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Amin Malek, California State University, Bakersfield; Robert Hernandez

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission, Diversity

feedback on which teaching methods they prefer (based onQ5). It is worth noting that this research was carried out before the pandemic therefore all theclasses were in person. Factors affecting the motivation and concentration span of engineeringstudents in online classes will be considered in our future work.References: [1]. B. Jaeger, M. Bates, B. Damon, A. Reppy, “Tipping the Scales: Finding The Most Effective Balance Between Lecture Versus Active Learning Across Academic Levels In Engineering”, In 2008 Annual Conference & Exposition, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. [2]. D. J. Lynch, Motivational factors, “learning strategies and resources management as predictors of course grades”, College Student Journal, June, Vol. 40

Conference Session

Equity and Ethics in Engineering-I

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Qin Zhu, Colorado School of Mines; Andrea Gammon, Delft University of Technology; Rockwell Franklin Clancy III, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Anna Angeli, Colorado School of Mines; Scott Streiner, University of Pittsburgh; Ryan Thorpe

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

? Science, Technology, & Human Values, 39(1), 42-72.DePaolo, C. A., & Wilkinson, K. (2014). Get your head into the clouds: Using word clouds for analyzing qualitative assessment data. TechTrends, 58, 38-44.Freyne, S., Abulencia, J. P., & Draper, P. (2010). First year engineering students' perceptions of contemporary ethical issues. 2010 Annual Conference & Exposition of the American Society for Engineering Education. Louisville, KY.Fuentes, D. S., Warnick, G. M., Jesiek, B. K., & Davies, R. (2016). A longitudinal study of social and ethical responsibility among undergraduate engineering students: Preliminary results. 2016 Annual Conference & Exposition of the American Society for

Conference Session

Student Success and Interactions

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Michael Sekatchev, University of British Columbia; John Graeme Dockrill, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Agnes Germaine d'Entremont P.Eng., University of British Columbia, Vancouver

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission, Diversity

given to the OER students also asked whether or not they would use the study practiceand why or why not. 5ResultsOut of the 123 students in the course, 77 (62.6%) students submitted problems as part of thebonus assignment. 21 of the students who submitted problems (27.2% of submissions) licensedtheir work with a Creative Commons license. A sample course student-created problem is shownin Appendix B.1.The problem topics were not evenly distributed, with 44% of students choosing work-energyproblems (Figure 1). This includes a large number of problems that did not require rigid bodydynamics knowledge (i.e. no rotational kinetic energy), and was

Conference Session

Engineering and Society

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Rebekah Oulton P.E., California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Amro El Badawy, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission

L. Kallemeyn, "An Integrated Social Justice Engineering Curriculum at Loyola University Chicago," in 2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, 2019.[4] S. Niles, S. Roudbari and S. Contrer, "Integrating social justice and political engagement into engineering," International Journal of Engineering, Social Justice, and Peace, vol. 7, no. 1, 2020.[5] D. Nieusma, "Engineering, social justice, and peace: Strategies for pedagogical, curricular, and institutional reform," in 2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, 2011.[6] K. Johnson, J. A. Leydens and B. M. Moskal, "Reflections on the integration of social justice concepts into an introductory control systems course (Work In Progress)," in 2016 ASEE Annual

Conference Session

Innovation In Teaching - II

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Elizabeth Fife, University of Southern California

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission, Diversity

collaborative online platforms), emerging economies development and the role of IT/communications technology, and methodologies for measurement and assessment frameworks American c Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Bringing Social Justice Rhetoric and Deliberation into the Engineering Writing Classroom: the case of Amazon’s “cubicle activists” Elizabeth Fife, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Technical Communication Practice, ViterbiSchool of Engineering, Engineering in Society Program, University of Southern CaliforniaAbstractThe tech industry has seen a growth in employee protest activity against both internal policies forworkers, but also expressions of concern over

Conference Session

Supporting Transfer Pathways

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

Radha Aravamudhan, San Jose State University; Maria Chierichetti, San Jose State University

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission, Diversity

understand these factors better and propose solutions to address any existing gaps. Asimilar study conducted for all engineering transfer students would also be helpful to determinegaps if any at college level and allow for collaboration of ideas and resources to best support theneeds of underserved minority engineering transfer students.References[1] N. L. Smith, J. R. Grohs, and E. M. Van Aken, “Comparison of transfer shock and graduation rates across engineering transfer student populations,” J. Eng. Educ., Vol. 111, No. 1, pp. 65–81, Jan. 2022.[2] A. Miguel and S. Abraham, “Creating an Environment for Transfer Student Success,” ASEE Annu. Conf. Expo. Conf. Proc., Vol. 2017-June, Jun. 2017.[3] B. Sansing-Helton, G. Coover