Collection

1981 North Midwest Section

Authors

O. Hawaleshka

thegovernment can ill afford to alienate.The basic question is relatively simple: Which programs and schools shouldbe licenced and supported? Obviously: those that are best for the objectiveintended, the production of a satisfactory engineering graduate. On whatbasis is. one to judge which schools meet requirements? A set of standardshad to be developed to reflect the goals and needs of the country's futureengineers.The Philippine environment is not conducive to a straightforward applica-tion of the familiar 11 peer evaluation 11 method common to Western countries. 159Such an accreditation method can easily lead to abuse. The Project consul-ting team after a very thorough investigation of conditions, evaluationof

Conference Session

Assessing Ethics Learning

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Angela R. Bielefeldt, University of Colorado, Boulder; Madeline Polmear, University of Florida; Chris Swan, Tufts University; Daniel Knight, University of Colorado Boulder; Nathan E. Canney

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

integrating new understating gained into one’s experience, learning, and/or enhancedpersonal and professional effectiveness.” (p. 39) Reflective practices help create meaning fromexperiences by taking the time to consider an event through a specific lens. Reflection is alsobelieved to promote deep learning [9]. A search in ASEE PEER for manuscripts with“reflection” in the title yielded 195 results, including 102 from papers at the annual conference in2015-2019 [10]. However, it is unclear to what extent reflection is standard practice inengineering education versus being explored as “novel”. The value of reflection has beenparticularly linked with service-learning, as a critical step in achieving particular learning goalsand/or helping the learner

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Technical Session 18

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Alyssa Marie Eggersgluss, Playful Learning Lab; Annmarie Thomas, University of St. Thomas; Deborah Besser P.E., University of St. Thomas; Rachel Farah, University of St. Thomas; Cullen Charles Kittams, Playful Learning Lab; Emma Michelle Monson, University of St. Thomas; Krista Schumacher, University of St. Thomas; Jeff Jalkio, University of St. Thomas

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

in the job market with ashortage of experienced STEM workers to fill open positions. Al Salami [1] writes that many schoolsare transitioning to a more integrated curriculum to get students involved at a young age with conceptsand ideas within STEM fields. The Code + Chords workshop that this study is focused on uses anintegrated curriculum by combining music with technology and takes it one step further by targetingself-efficacy in participants.Denise Green [2] illustrates the need for understanding and increasing self-efficacy in students:“Researchers in this area provide empirical evidence that self-efficacy is an accurate predictor of astudent’s skill acquisition, rate of performance, expenditure of energy, persistence, goal setting, and

Conference Session

Mid Atlantic Papers

Collection

2017 Mid-Atlantic Section Fall Conference

Authors

Ashwin Satyanarayana, New York City College of Technology; Janusz Kusyk PhD, New York City College of Technology, CUNY.; Hong Li, New York City College of Technology

Tagged Topics

Mid-Atlantic Section Fall Conference

, with particular emphasis on Data Mining and Big data analytics. He is an author or co-author of over 20 peer reviewed journal and conference publications and co-authored a textbook – ”Essential Aspects of Physical Design and Implementation of Relational Databases.” He has four patents in the area of Search Engine research. He is also a recipient of the Math Olympiad Award, and is currently serving as Vice Chair of the ASEE (American Society of Engineering Education) Mid-Atlantic Conference. He also serves as an NSF (National Science Foundation) panelist.Janusz Kusyk PhD, New York City College of Technology, CUNY. Dr. Janusz Kusyk received BS and MA degrees from Brooklyn College of the City University of New York. He

Conference Session

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies: Best Papers

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cara J Poor P.E., University of Portland; Evan S Miller, GeoEngineers, Inc.

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

and procedure, and ran the experiments. They then plottedand evaluated their results. After a discussion of results among peers (similar to what wouldoccur in a lab group), the volunteers took the post-test. Results from the pre- and post-test werethen compared to determine the effectiveness of the lab.The following semester, the new lab was assigned to 32 students in an Engineering HydraulicsLaboratory class. All students were senior undergraduates in Civil Engineering. Hydraulics is apre-requisite to the lab class, so all students understood basic hydrologic concepts. Based onfeedback from the volunteers, more explanation and guidance was included. Ideas were alsodiscussed in class when writing the procedure to guide students in their

Conference Session

T1C: Developing Foundations in Mathematics

Collection

2019 FYEE Conference

Authors

Hossein EbrahimNejad, Purdue University-Main Campus, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Nicholas Jameson Tomlin, MIDFIELD; Hassan Ali Al Yagoub, Purdue University-Main Campus, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); Matthew W. Ohland, Purdue University-Main Campus, West Lafayette (College of Engineering); George D. Ricco, University Of Indianapolis

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference - Paper Submission

undergraduate student majoring in Aero- nautical and Astronautical Engineering at Purdue University. He is interested in engineering education and its applications in K-12 teaching and often substitute teaches in his hometown of Jeffersonville, Indi- ana. When he isn’t studying or working, he is likely writing the next stretch of a Dungeons and Dragons campaign.Mr. Hassan Ali Al Yagoub, Purdue University-Main Campus, West Lafayette (College of Engineering) Hassan Al Yagoub is a Ph.D. student in Engineering Education at Purdue University. His research in- terests include diversity & inclusion, students’ persistence, advising and mentoring, engineering career pathways, and school-to-work transition of new engineers. He

Conference Session

Technical Session V

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Lunal Khuon, Drexel University; M. Eric Carr, Drexel University (Eng. & Eng. Tech.); Yalcin Ertekin, Drexel University (Tech.) (MERGED)

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

through creating self-playing musical instruments -- opportunity for students to evaluate their peers. While thea concept based upon integrating the arts in engineering [6], surveys, teamwork assessments, and weeks 1-3 are commonwhile Heat Engine provided an in-depth study of gas laws and for all pilot sections including Robot Instruments, Heatthe Supercap Car Challenge presented an engineering design Engine, Supercap Car Challenge, and Constructionchallenge to achieve the greatest travel distance possible for Management’s Bridge, the individual section instructors arecars powered by supercapacitors. These mini-projects were responsible for all eleven weeks of ENGR 101

Conference Session

New Engineering Educators: Off the Beaten Path

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jenny Lo, Virginia Tech; Vinod Lohani, Virginia Tech; Michael Gregg, Virginia Tech; Richard Goff, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

to follow half of the material. This allowed the two facultyto regroup and alter subsequent workshop and lectures based on this information.Shared responsibility in writing tests, exams, quizzes, assignments, and other course documentshelped both instructors. One faculty member might be primarily responsible for writing one halfof a test while the other member would write the other half. Then both faculty members couldreview each others’ work for accuracy and fairness.Additionally, Lo and Lohani used their respective strengths in delivering course material.Lohani had expertise in object-oriented programming and elected to teach much of the lecturesrelated to programming concepts. Lo emphasized the key concepts associated with

Conference Session

International CIase Studies: Collabs, Exchanges & Interactions

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sergio Felicelli, Mississippi State University; John Berry, Mississippi State University; Rafael Cuesta, CIDAUT, Spain; Rogelio Luck, Mississippi State University; Ratessiea Lett, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

International

arrive at the foreign labwith a well defined work plan and the necessary technical background to perform the requiredtasks with supervision but minimum instruction. In addition to the technical aspects of thetraining, the student will be encouraged to register in a Spanish course and familiarize with theculture and geography of Spain.Specific tasks in the student training will include the following: Page 13.189.5Before travel to the foreign institution (6 months) 1. Read the current NSF award and major works referenced therein. 2. Perform a literature search on the topic of confluence welds and write a report 3. Work at the MSU casting lab

Conference Session

K-12 Programs for Girls and Young Women

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan Burkett, University of Arkansas; Claire Small, Springdale High School; Charles Rossetti, University of Arkansas; Bryan Hill, University of Arkansas; Carol Gattis, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Hispanic population. School counselors and teachers were asked to helpidentify students and encourage them to apply. An overview of the camp was given to parentsand students in both English and Spanish. Twenty-four girls were selected from forty-oneapplicants. Daily activities and assignments were modeled after activities in the pre-engineeringhigh school program. The girls gained experience and confidence while building andprogramming an elevator, racing remote controlled cars, designing a product using a 3Dmodeling program, programming small robots and participating in a field trip to a localcompany. The participants enjoyed the camp, formed friendships with their peers, expressedinterest in science/engineering, and look forward to follow-up

Conference Session

Getting Started: Objectives, Rubrics, Evaluations, and Assessment

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Walter Schilling, MSOE

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

rubric used for grading an assignment. In this example,students worked on a two week lab assignment in groups. The grading rubric is dividedinto two segments, a portion which reflects group performance as well as a portion whichreflects individual performance. In this particular assignment, students worked as a teamto complete a lab assignment. At the completion of lab, each student was assessed bytheir peers using a rubric. These scores were tabulated and entered into the individualperformance area of the assignment. The group assignment grade was derived fromtraditional grading of the group lab report excepting that grading was done entirelyelectronically by markup up the pdf submission using pdf annotator

Conference Session

Been There, Done That: Advice for NEEs

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ralph Ocon, Purdue University, Calumet

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Diversity In Non-Diversity Courses” *“Manufacturing Industry Needs Global Leadership Skills: Shaping The Next Generation Of Leaders” “Peer Experiences In Diversity: Students Learning From Students About Diversity” “Using Issues To Teach Diversity: An Interactive Learning Approach” *“The Global Manufacturing Challenge To Our Advantage: Begins With Students” *“Enhancing Organization And Employee Productivity: An Industry Experience In Leadership Training And Development” “Managing Diversity And The Law: Diversity Training Requires Training In Human Resources Laws” *Co-authored conference paperExample 2: From 1990-2000 the author

Conference Session

BME Laboratory Courses and Experiences

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Melissa Micou, University of California, San Diego

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

focus on community building, communication,problem solving, leadership, and fun. The same cohort of students attended weekly seminarsfocused on preparing students to apply to and succeed in graduate school. Seminar topicsincluded: How to Impress a Graduate Admissions Committee (panel discussion), How to Write aPersonal Statement, Dinner & Dialogue with a Graduate Student, Keys to Success in GraduateSchool, Professional Ethics, Effective Scientific Presentations, and How to write a ScientificPaper. Following each one hour seminar there was a group dinner to give students from thedifferent programs an opportunity to meet and discuss the workshop topic in depth. Participantsfrom the same set of programs also attended GRE preparation courses

Conference Session

Implementation of the Civil Engineering Body of Knowledge and Recent ABET Experiences

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrea Welker, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

28 65 2 5 4 9 9 21 2003 2006 54 51 42 82 1 2 4 8 4 8 2004 2007 48 47 37 79 4 9 2 4 4 8 *This figure is the number of student still in the CE Program as of the expected graduation date. At the time of writing 17 eventually completed their degree requirements. **This figure includes students who transferred to other programs at Villanova, but did not earn a VU degree by the expected graduation date, students who transferred to other programs at Villanova and then left the University, and students who left Villanova directly from the

Conference Session

E-Learning in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Silverstein, University of Kentucky

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

in a collaborative,online setting using an electronic wiki. A wiki is essentially a text document that can be editedby multiple users using a web browser interface. Working collaboratively to develop a wiki entrybreeds additional benefits. It is a mode of collaborative learning, which builds “a positiveinterdependence that moves everyone forward”[12]. It builds the foundational step on a multi-loop learning model, where students learn by interactive with peers, followed by interaction withindividuals with increasing levels of authority[13]. The use of social software such as wikis hasbeen termed “the architecture of participation”[14].Wikis have been previously applied as a means of facilitating collaborative learning in chemicalengineering

Conference Session

Design Projects in Mechanical Engineering II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emilia Bratschitsch, Joanneum University of Applied Sciences; Adrian Millward-Sadler, Joanneum University of Applied Sciences

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

. Some of the students may decide to compile their diploma thesis in samecompany. Therefore, we use the opportunity of the final seminar work to make therecommendation to them of whether to write the diploma thesis in English or not.The students are required to deliver a PowerPoint presentation of their internship work and toshow it to an audience of all their year-group peers and the internal supervisors. The contentshould not be chronologically structured but should focus on the main tasks, if there was more Page 14.733.7than one. Presenting the internship, the seniors came across as very poised, goal-oriented, and1 Our

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary and Liberal Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Ollis, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

Liberal Arts: A Technologist’s Guide to history, Literature,Philosophy, Art, and Music The Existential Pleasures of Engineering The Introspective Engineer Aftermath: A Novel of Survival The Civilized Engineer Blaming Technology: The Irrational Search for Scapegoats This exemplar has not been duplicated: the industry engineer is an uncommonauthor among the small group of engineer-authors writing today. Nonetheless, the “grandview” of engineering which Florman provides, illustrated through his willingness toexplore aspects of history, philosophy, music and the fine arts places engineering in amultitude of contexts. Florman’s earliest book, Engineering and the Liberal Arts, introduces each of thelatter

Conference Session

Assessing Design Coursework

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Trevisan, Washington State University; Denny Davis, Washington State University; Steven Beyerlein, University of Idaho; Phillip Thompson, Seattle University; Olakunle Harrison, Tuskegee University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

discussion among theauthors, 32 papers were retained for the review. Fifteen of the articles were classified ashigh priority, eight priority, and nine low priority. Fifteen articles were obtained fromengineering education conference proceedings, 12 from engineering education-orientedjournals, four from design-oriented journals, and one from a communications journal.The complete set of articles retained for this review is identified in the bibliography.Most articles described techniques in assessment and their use in the classroom. A sampleof these purposes includes the use of standardized measures to assess content knowledgein design4; peer reviews, self assessments, and oral reports, all used to evaluate studentperformance as team members and

Conference Session

Assessment Methods

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Boser, Illinois State University; Kenneth Stier, Illinois State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

written exams, oral exams,embedded questions in exams and assignments, portfolio analysis, papers/writing samples,simulated activities/case-studies, capstone projects, videotapes of student's skills, inside/outsideexaminers, and internship experiences.7 With all of these instruments, the student’s knowledgeand skill can be directly measured. Since it would be beyond the scope of this paper to provide ananalysis of all the direct measures of assessment that are available, the focus will be on those thatwere used at the authors’ department. Course tests and examinations are perhaps the most commonly used direct assessmentmeasure. Most courses use tests to measure student progress, therefore they are readily available.Assuming that the tests

Conference Session

Research in Minority Issues

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Abhijit Nagchaudhuri, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore; Whitney Smith, UMES/Rutgers University; Uditha Poddalgoda, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore; Omar A. Omar, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore; Amy Jarrett, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore; Aaron Redden, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore; Daniel Seaton, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore; Robert Johnson, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

to experience the traditional peer-review process that generally precedes scholarly publication.This paper documents efforts pertaining to two such ACTION projects that the primary authorhas supervised since the inception of the program at UMES. The first of these projects titled:CAD assisted Assembly and Programming of Mobile Platforms involved undergraduate students,Mr. Uditha Poddalgoda and Ms. Whitney Smith through the Complete Research Cycle in the fallsemester of 2004 and spring semester of 2005. Ms. Amy Jarret, Mr. Omar A. Omar and Mr.Aaron Redden forms the undergraduate student team for the second project titled: ExploringMechanics of Material Principles using ProMechanica and MDsolids Software Packages. At thetime of writing

Conference Session

Materials Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alison K. Polasik, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Materials

individuallyout of class, followed by a reading quiz and pen-and-pencil activity during lecture. In labs,students are given short warm-up activities introducing them to the use of a new programfunction or computational method. The rest of the lab period was devoted to in-class exercisesthat covered a computational application or concept similar to the homework assigned for theweek. In this way, most of the deep learning occurred in the presence of peers and with thesupport of frequent help the instructors. In completing assignments that required writing scriptsfrom scratch, students are encouraged to write out pseudo-code or “map” their programmingplan.As with any new course, minor modifications to pedagogy, structure, and assignments weremade in each

Conference Session

Engineering Literacy: Champions of Engineering in General Education

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert M. Briber, University of Maryland, College Park; Romel D Gomez P.E., University of Maryland, College Park

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

, microelectronics, electromagnetics, quantum theory and magnetic technology. As the associate chair for undergraduate education, he helped strengthen the ECE curriculum in communications, embedded systems, cyber security, and power. He is the architect of a novel freshman course that introduces fundamental principles of ECE using hands-on pedagogy and a science course for non-STEM majors. Dr. Gomez is also a researcher in the broad areas of micromagnetism and biosensing. He has co-authored over 90 peer-reviewed publications, several book chapters and has three U.S. Patents. He earned his PhD from the University of Maryland, MS from Wayne State in University and BS from the University of the Philippines all in Physics. Among his

Conference Session

ETD Freshmen Students

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carmen Cioc, The University of Toledo; Sorin Cioc, The University of Toledo; Zachary Linkous, University of Toledo

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

the objective of increasing studentretention and overall satisfaction. Since this course is one of the first technical courses thestudents have to take, the latest approach is to incorporate hands-on laboratory experience withthe goal of getting the freshmen accustomed with novel techniques of acquiring data, buildingthe skills to analyze and investigate data using Excel software, writing a laboratory report, usinga Word processor, and comparing their results with computer simulation results using Matlab orSimulink. At the end of the course each student will have the opportunity to improve theirpresentation skills by presenting their findings in front of their peers using PowerPoint. For thefirst hands-on experiment the students used a

Conference Session

Technical Session 2: Improving Information Literacy Programs

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeff McAdams, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Julia Glauberman, Binghamton University Libraries

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

6 Peer-review filter 21 Develop research question based on free-write 32 Update literature review Search skills, 35 Revise research topics topic selection 36 Identify information producers for a given topic 39 Develop and revise search terms 41 Develop search queries, choose database or search engine 42 Search diary 1 Characteristics of scholarly authorities 3 Formal and informal sources Critical 8 Comparison of pop science and original research articles evaluation of Read and reflect on

Conference Session

Materials Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anastasia Marie Rynearson, Campbell University; Alison K. Polasik, Campbell University

Tagged Divisions

Materials

-basedassignments, peer instruction, and a symposium-style poster presentation for the final project.Learning outcomes for the course include the technical Materials Science and Processingknowledge as well as writing laboratory and research reports, developing experimentalprocedures, and gathering data to form conclusions. Using the ICAP framework developed byChi & Wylie, many of the course activities are designed to fall within the Constructive andInteractive modes of engagement.BackgroundThe Interactive>Constructive>Active>Passive (ICAP) framework can be used as a lens tounderstand how various aspects of a course engage students and contribute to cognitiveengagement and learning. ICAP is a way to further define the broader area of “active

Conference Session

Developing Technological Literacy in Students

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Neelam Prabhu Gaunkar, Iowa State University; Mani Mina, Iowa State University of Science and Technology

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

. The basic trendsin the students inquiry development is captured via use of particular keywords and actions. Aphenomenographic analysis is performed to classify the common themes that appear in thestudent writing over the time points in the semester. These are then further classified into thedifferent sub-stages (Identification, reflection and personalization) of the Deweyan cycle.In the initial weeks most students start with asking why or how a particular code segment works,how something occurs in their circuit when they change things etc. As the time progresses,there is a shift in their inquiries in trying to achieve or make something possible with theresources available. Their procedures following the inquiry become more detailed. They

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: Assessment in the First Year

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Joshua A. Enszer, University of Delaware; Jenni M. Buckley, University of Delaware

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

should match the learning goals associated with the assignment, while thestandard levels usually correspond to an evaluation and are listed in sequence (for example,excellent, very good, good… down to the lowest standard level, perhaps corresponding to 100%,90%, 80%, … the lowest possible percentage possible of the available grade). In constructingthis type of rubric, it is recommended to work from the “outside in”; that is, first write thedescriptions for how each criterion is met at the highest standard level, then write thedescriptions for how each criterion is met at the lowest standard level, then work on descriptionsin between. By this method, rubric construction increases in difficulty particularly with thenumber of standard levels. It is

Conference Session

Approaches to Encouraging Student Engagement

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Michael N. Littrell, Tennessee Technological University; George Chitiyo, Tennessee Technological University; Lauren A. Michel, Tennessee Technological University ; Steven R. Anton, Tennessee Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

discussed in class.The objective of the final board game project was for student groups to create a fully functioningboard game that would teach about climate change and civilization collapse. This final projectmade with the assistance of graphic design students from the College of Fine Arts, required thateach group turn in a completed game that was placed in a box with all of the required pieces.Each group had to write and submit a well-written rule book that could be used to teach someonehow to play the game. The final paper portion of the assignment was meant for students tocommunicate how they thought their board game accomplished the goal of educating their targetaudience about climate change. Also, it was asked that students write about what

Conference Session

Design & Development Projects and Practices

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jahangir Ansari, Virginia State University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

system with lift and flattening capabilities for home use.Students’ Learning Outcomes Assessment:After the completion of their project, students are required to write a comprehensive final reportand give a clear and informative oral presentation elaborating on the work they have donethroughout the project.The students’ learning outcomes are measured by the MANE faculty using the followingperformance indicators. • Demonstrate ability to select appropriate tools in a design process • Demonstrate clear and sound reasoning preparing for a design solution • Demonstrate effective contribution in achieving the project/team goal(s) • Demonstrate effective collaboration by taking responsibility • Demonstrate

Conference Session

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division Poster Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matti Izora Ibrahim, Arkansas Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

2018 mid-term elections. With campus gun rampage beingthe motivating factor behind their vote, voters under age 29 heavily influenced the outcome ofthe 2018 mid-term elections [1], [2]. Since the March for Our Lives protest, there has thus been arenewed effort to strengthen gun control laws, and in 2018, lawmakers around the countrysubsequently enacted fifty new laws restricting access to guns [3]. As of this writing, ten states have enacted legislation permitting the concealed carrying ofhandguns on university campuses. In sixteen states, concealed carrying of handguns onuniversity campuses have been banned, and in twenty-three states, the decision to allowhandguns on campus has been left up to the university’s discretion [4]. On