Asee peer logo
Well-matched quotation marks can be used to demarcate phrases, and the + and - operators can be used to require or exclude words respectively
Displaying results 4561 - 4590 of 9440 in total
Conference Session
ECCD Applications
Collection
2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Ahmed Cherif Megri, North Carolina A&T State University
Tagged Divisions
Energy Conversion and Conservation
, project methodology will be discussed. We discuss the project design program fromstudents’ point of view, and the experience earned in design, integration, and also in written and oralcommunication skills. Methodology used to evaluate the effectiveness of the capstone design program Page 26.520.2in term of learning outcomes is also described.ASEE Annual Conference, 2015Introduction:In this day and age, technology is improving the system performance and saving energy. Frombeing able to use cellular phones as cameras, computers the sizes of notebooks, and vehicles thatrun on renewable energy other than fossil fuels. Another popular topic is
Conference Session
Curriculum and New Course Development in ET
Collection
2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Jay R Porter, Texas A&M University
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Technology
addition, the creation of this course hasincreased student interest in communications systems and RF electronics and electromagneticsand an increase in capstone projects involving these principles. As part of the course evaluation,students are asked if class activities are well prepared. Out of a total of five points, the averageresponse was 4.23 in Fall 2013 and 4.78 in Spring 2014. The students are also asked if theassignments and projects aided in achieving course objectives. The average response was 4.31 inFall 2013 and 4.72 in Spring 2014. One can see that the responses were good and also increasedfor the second offering of the course. This can be attributed to “fine tuning” that was done to theinteractive exercises and the course project
Conference Session
Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 4
Collection
2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Mark V. Huerta, Arizona State University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation
way for her to create this opportunity. Meanwhile, Claudiawas completing her senior year capstone. The knowledge she gained from her initialentrepreneurship experiences with the EPICS project played a major role in the capstone projectshe selected. Claudia described the process of creating a capstone project when she said: I knew exactly what I wish I had for [previous project name]. I knew exactly the type of device I wanted. What I wish it could have done. All these different things from having spent all this time fighting against these walls because I couldn't get this one to do this. I couldn't get through this and get this policy and so I knew exactly how to do it. And so I pitched that to then I shifted to
Conference Session
NSF Grantees’ Poster Session
Collection
2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Jeremy John Vaillant, University of Massachusetts Lowell; Christopher Hansen, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Jonathan D. Stolk, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Stephen Johnston, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Sammy G. Shina, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; David Joe Willis, University of Massachusetts, Lowell
Tagged Topics
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Tagged Divisions
Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies
, P.h.D., P.E., is the professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Mas- sachusetts Lowell and has previously lectured at University of Pennsylvania’s EXMSE Program and at the University of California Irvine. He is the coordinator of the Design and Manufacturing Certificate, the Quality Engineering Certificate, the ME senior Capstone Projects and COOP education at UML. He is a past chairman of the Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME) Robotics/FMS and a founding mem- ber of the Massachusetts Quality Award. He is the founder of the New England Lead Free Consortium. He is the author of several best-selling books on Concurrent Engineering, Six Sigma, Green Design and Engineering Project Management. He
Conference Session
Engineering Ethics Division (ETHICS) Technical Session_Tuesday June 27, 1:30 - 3:00
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Jessica Koehler, Wake Forest University; Olga Pierrakos, Wake Forest University; Adetoun Yeaman, Wake Forest University
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Ethics Division (ETHICS)
when faced with challenging coursework orproject obstacles and having the opportunity to fail and try again (i.e. a mastery-based learningpedagogy). As one first-year student succinctly described, simply “getting bad grades back andbeing able to resubmit for more points” was impactful. For larger projects multiple studentsreported something akin to the following (also from the senior level capstone course): “There was a lot of resilience required in continuing the project to completion. We ran into a lot of obstacles where we could have taken a short cut, but we persevered through to turn in the best possible project we could.” - 4th Year Student.Tables 6: Top 2-3 course experiences related to each intellectual virtue
Conference Session
Engineering Economy Division Technical Session 2
Collection
2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Paul C. Lynch, Penn State University Erie, The Behrend College; James F. Kimpel, University of Pittsburgh; Karen M. Bursic, University of Pittsburgh
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Economy
Knowledge Creation,” Greenwood Publishing Group, Quorum Books, Westport, CT, p.52, 2002.[3] J. Darrell Gibson, M. Patricia Brackin, “Techniques for the Implementation and Administration of Industrial Projects for Engineering Design Courses,” Proceedings of the 1999 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition.[4] James Noble, “An Approach for Engineering Curriculum Integration in Capstone Design Courses,” International Journal of Engineering Education, 14(3), 197-203, 1998.[5] Ana Vila-Parrish, Dianne Raubenheimer, “Integrating Project Management & Lean-Six Sigma Methodologies in an Industrial Engineering Capstone Course,” Proceedings of the
Conference Session
Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 5
Collection
2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Karl D. Schubert, University of Arkansas; Leslie Bartsch Massey, University of Arkansas; Clint E Johnson, University of Arkansas
Tagged Divisions
Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation
this is a feasible approach, wemay also find it necessary and appropriate to design new classes that are innovation-centric. Thedecision on whether or not to do so will be made as we iteratively evaluate and improve theprogram as it evolves.For the Senior Design/Capstone classes and projects, we will look to expand the participationbeyond CoE and WCOB students to those in other colleges as naturally occurs by virtue of theprojects available.In parallel, we will be developing relationships with local businesses and corporations to developmultidisciplinary innovation-based internships, innovation-focused co-op opportunities, andinnovation-based real-life Senior Design/Capstone projects.In the next iteration of the McMillon Innovation Design
Conference Session
Writing and Communication II
Collection
2005 Annual Conference
Authors
Lisa Rosenstein; Jeffery Donnell; Christina Bourgeois
of their work in oral reports. Page 10.701.9 “Proceedings of the 2005 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2005, American Society for Engineering Education”For this course, the Webb Program coordinator delivers two lectures each term. The coordinatoris also expected to review and grade oral presentations for six different lab sections; these tasksgenerally amount to a time commitment of one hour a week over the course of a term.Senior DesignIn this required capstone course, students work in teams to address a substantial project, such asthe redesign of an automotive
Conference Session
First-Year Programs: Virtual Instruction in the First Year III
Collection
2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access
Authors
Rui Li, New York University; Jack Bringardner, New York University
Tagged Divisions
First-Year Programs
goals, plan tasks, and meet objectives."[44]. The hybrid mode improves remote students' learning 3 outcomes via creating a collaborative and self-learning environment. All these transferable and 4 remote working skillsets help students better prepare for their future academic and career roles 5 (Table 3). Table 3. The potential benefits for acquiring transferable and remote skillsets Skills Capstone project at senior year Future careers Collaborative Students need problem-solving skills for their Collaborative problem solving (CPS) is Problem-solving Capstone projects [45]. critical to generate efficiency
Conference Session
Horizontal and Vertical Integration
Collection
2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Kyle Daniel Balkos, University of Waterloo; Benjamin Dow, University of Waterloo; Shoeleh Shams, University of Waterloo; Rania Al-Hammoud P.Eng., University of Waterloo; Monica B. Emelko, University of Waterloo; Scott Walbridge P.E., University of Waterloo; Chris Bachmann, University of Waterloo
Tagged Divisions
Civil Engineering
. The IDP has similar requirements to a capstone project done in fourthyear, which encapsulates the entirety of the students’ engineering education. It is anticipated thatstudent involvement with the second year IDP will better prepare them for their capstone projectin their fourth year.The IDP was expected to further illustrate the value of teamwork and provide students with theexperience of working with others. The intent of this collaboration was to encourage students toshare ideas and build off each other’s thoughts to create an optimal design. Finally, group workallowed for the students to gain time management experience in setting and meeting deadlines,which must be completed both individually and by the group as a whole.4.0
Conference Session
High School Engineering Programs, Curriculum, and Evaluation
Collection
2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
James C. Baygents, University of Arizona; Jeffrey B. Goldberg, University of Arizona; Jane Hunter, University of Arizona
Tagged Divisions
K-12 & Pre-College Engineering
use of Labview software for visualization but can be short on explaining “why” things are happening. In some nearby local/regional implementations of Infinity Project, we learned that the strongest students were not satisfied with the explanations and the materials. In all cases, the students were not satisfied with the breadth of the class and wanted to know more about other fields. • Project Lead the Way7 – This is a four-year (trying to expand to 7 years to include middle schools) program that has some 250,000 students enrolled in various phases throughout the Nation. The program starts with a design/drawing course and then eventually leads to a capstone experience. It is well received and has
Conference Session
Construction Session 4: Outside of the Construction Curriculum
Collection
2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Joseph A Raiola III, Central Connecticut State University
Tagged Topics
Diversity
Tagged Divisions
Construction
isclear that the need to integrate BIM exists. However, the appropriate curricular location has notbeen decided. Some have suggested that BIM be part of a first level undergraduate course whileother schools have placed it as a capstone project in their course sequence 13. In a case studyusing the capstone project to integrate BIM, many students had to learn the software alone. Thistook up most of the time for the project but proved to be beneficial for future employment. Mostof the students that worked with BIM as part of the project are using BIM in their currentconstruction jobs. Furthermore, many are assuming company leadership roles associated withBIM, demonstrating the success of BIM integration into the CM curriculum.Building Information
Conference Session
College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 2
Collection
2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Alyson Eggleston, The Citadel; Robert Rabb, The Citadel; Ronald Welch, The Citadel
summarizesa selection of common and uncommon industry partnerships [19]. Table 2: Common and Uncommon Sources for Industry Partnerships [19] Industry Partnerships Usually Considered Advisory Boards Industry Executive Committees provide review and approval for ABET accreditation requirements (vision, mission, PEOs, POs, etc.), curriculum overview based on industry changes, and can be a fundraising arm. Staffed with industry leaders generally hiring current students. Capstone Projects Capstone projects are required by ABET. Industry generated capstone projects are
Conference Session
Writing and Communication I
Collection
2005 Annual Conference
Authors
Robert Askew; Cari-Sue Wilmot; Colley Hodges; Richard Bannerot
graphics were taken from student work in the Cullen College ofEngineering’s Capstone design course, ECE/MECE/INDE 4334, in the Spring semester of 2004.The senior ECE/MECE/INDE 4334 students were required to write various types of reportsabout semester-long projects, similar to the requirements of the mechanical engineeringsophomores. Through the instructor-led analysis of the writing samples and graphics, thestudents developed and applied the critical thinking and revision strategies that they will usewhen revising their own work. Importantly, the writing samples and graphics generally reflectedan equal amount of strengths and weaknesses, and students were instructed to observe anddiscuss both. Although they often demonstrated the effective
Conference Session
Innovations in Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology Programs
Collection
2009 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Troy Perales, Texas A&M University; Joseph Morgan, Texas A&M University; Jay Porter, Texas A&M University
Tagged Divisions
Engineering Technology
addition of a newfaculty member, re-introduced field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technology to itshardware suite and Hardware Description Languages (specifically VHDL) to its programminglanguages. The intent is to provide students with a spectrum of hardware technologies andprogramming languages to choose from in implementing their Capstone Design Projects duringtheir senior year of classes.As with many engineering and engineering technology programs, the EET/TET programsrecognized the importance of Field Programmable gate Array (FPGA) technology to thedevelopment of the digital curriculum.1,2 The faculty decided to introduce the FPGA technologyat the beginning of the technology courses required by both educational programs so that allstudents
Conference Session
NSF Grantees Poster Session
Collection
2009 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Carol Haden, Magnolia Consulting; Paul Flikkema, Northern Arizona University; Tom Weller, University of South Florida; Jeff Frolik, University of Vermont; Wendy Verrei-Berenback, University of Vermont; Wayne Shiroma, University of Hawaii, Manoa
course described herein is one component of a larger, NSF-sponsoredcurriculum development effort that seeks to encourage systems thinking in our students.Engineering curricula tend to be compartmentalized leading to topics (e.g., electronics, power,communications in electrical engineering) being taught in isolation without providing connectionsas to how they are dependent in real-world systems. Our project strives to give studentsexperience in making these connections. The course placement in the curriculum is just prior tothe student’s Capstone/senior project. The trend is that Capstone projects are becoming moreinterdisciplinary thus creating a greater need for students to have a systems perspective. Thistrend is certainly true in today’s
Conference Session
Assessment & Quality Accredition in Engineering Education
Collection
2004 Annual Conference
Authors
Rafiqul Islam
tradition ofaddressing this issue of entrepreneurship in our curriculum by the universities and colleges is thesenior capstone project. But the author thinks that the recent tendency of developing coursesaimed at teaching entrepreneurship must be accelerated throughout the United States andbeyond. The ultimate outcome will enable the engineering and technology graduates to work forsomeone or to start their own companies. This will benefit the society by reducing burden ofunemployment. Entrepreneurship in the engineering and technology curriculum is presented hereafter studying from different perspectives.Global Accreditation of Engineering and Technology ProgramIt is a familiar fact that we are not producing enough engineers and technologists from
Conference Session
Best Zone Paper Competition
Collection
2006 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Ross McCurdy, Ponaganset High School
Tagged Divisions
Council of Sections
hydrogen fuel cells as a step towards creating a clean and sustainable future. The schoolhas now compiled an impressive collection of fuel cell technology for hands-on student use andhas established a course devoted to fuel cells. With the creation of Protium, the Initiative’s fuelcell-powered band, hydrogen fuel cell education is also an extracurricular activity successfullyspreading the word far beyond the school community, with fuel cell demonstration performanceshaving taken place in Miami, San Antonio, Palm Springs, and Hollywood. Fuel cell education is approached with a hands-on, minds-on philosophy with much ofthe learning project-based. Last year’s capstone project was the creation of Rhode Island’s firstfuel cell vehicle, a two
Conference Session
New Faculty Issues and Concerns
Collection
2004 Annual Conference
Authors
Juan Lopez; Roger Gonzalez; Paul Leiffer
endeavors? At LeTourneau University we involve research as part of our two-semester capstone senior design sequence. While not all of our students are required to have aresearch project, several students do participate in funded research projects – especially thosewho may be considering graduate school. As an added bonus, the engineering program atLeTourneau University allows a student to take a 3-hour technical elective during his/her junioryear to participate as a “junior member” of the senior research team. This junior technicalelective is spread throughout the entire junior year and involves a significant commitment of thestudent. In one particular major, Biomedical Engineering, the junior research experience is
Conference Session
Assessing Design Coursework I
Collection
2007 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Keith Sheppard, Stevens Institute of Technology; Edward Blicharz, Stevens Institute of Technology; Bernard Gallois, Stevens Institute of Technology; Rashmi Jain, Stevens Institute of Technology; Ian Denholm, Stevens Institute of Technology
Tagged Divisions
Design in Engineering Education
Stevens Institute of Technology. He is coordinator of core engineering design courses in Freshman & Sophomore years. Prior to his current position, Blicharz worked for 25 years in project management and systems engineering in the aerospace & telecommunications industries. He has a B.E in Electrical Engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology and an M.B.A. from Fairleigh Dickinson University.Bernard Gallois, Stevens Institute of Technology Bernard Gallois is George Meade Bond Professor of Engineering at Stevens Institute of Technology, where he was the founding dean of the Charles V. Schaefer, Jr. School of Engineering. He received the Diplôme d' Ingénieur Civil des Mines at the École
Conference Session
Innovations to Curriculum and Program
Collection
2008 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Angela Bielefeldt, University of Colorado at Boulder
Tagged Divisions
Environmental Engineering
, since the topic is outside the information covered in thetextbook4. The course also included two guest lectures on: (1) the thermodynamics of weatherand climate, and (2) sustainable energy.The capstone design course that all EVEN seniors are required to take often incorporates energyissues. Many of the projects in the course are service learning projects to serve localcommunities and businesses. One example of a project that incorporated energy challenges wasthe upgrade of a lagoon used to treat wastewater from a Native American community3. Nopower was locally available at the existing lagoon site and the client desired a solution that washighly sustainable and environmentally friendly. As such, students evaluated various naturalsystems or
Conference Session
Design in Freshman and Sophomore Courses
Collection
2008 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Susan Masten, McMaster University; Robert Fleisig, McMaster University
Tagged Divisions
Design in Engineering Education
fuelfrom seeds of the Jatropha shrub, which grows in West Africa. The impact of this approach onstudent satisfaction and success is discussed.IntroductionA central focus of engineering education is the design process. Our goal as engineering educatorsis to ensure that graduating engineers have the ability to “design effective solutions that meetsocietal needs” 1. Traditionally, engineering education is built on a foundation of sciences andmathematics courses, with students taking engineering courses in their upper years, with fewstudents experiencing design outside of a focused course in their discipline. In the 1990’s, inresponse to accreditation criteria, most engineering schools added a “capstone” design project inthe final year. These projects
Conference Session
New Trends in CHE Education I
Collection
2009 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Kevin Dahm, Rowan University; William Riddell, Rowan University
Tagged Divisions
Chemical Engineering
Page 14.1205.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 THE EFFECT OF IMPROVEMENTS IN SOPHOMORE DESIGN INSTRUCTION ON PERFORMANCE IN SUBSEQUENT COURSE OFFERINGSAbstractThe chemical engineering curriculum at Rowan University includes a team-taught,multidisciplinary sophomore course sequence called Sophomore Engineering Clinic I and II,intended to teach engineering design and technical communication. Prior to 2005, SophomoreClinic I featured a semester-long design project. The faculty team made substantial changes tothe course in the Fall of 2005 to address various shortcomings in student achievement of thecourse goals. The new course design featured a 4-week project intended to introduce students tothe
Conference Session
Embedded Systems & Cybersecurity for ECE
Collection
2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Shiny Abraham, Seattle University; Mehmet Vurkaç, Seattle University; Agnieszka Miguel, Seattle University; Nhan K. Nguyen, Seattle University; Olsen John Salgado Ong, Seattle University
Tagged Divisions
Electrical and Computer
creative freedom. One student provided the analogy that it was likeclimbing to the top of the diving board and we are ready to dive but there was no time to goforward. Another student remarked that the code should be a platform or example that gets yougoing but you should have the time to build on it. The students recognized that there was a lot ofcontent in both courses and that the department would need to decide if it were possible to let goof some of the older content to make room for IoT. 3. Do you anticipate using what you’ve learned in your future career?One student was already using it in their senior design (Capstone) project and could seeapplications for their future career. Another student remarked that while the code was given
Collection
2024 CIEC
Authors
Otilia Popescu; Dimitrie Popescu; Murat Kuzlu
as for getting the necessary insight forthose who would like to pursue graduate degrees and get involved in research associated withthese degrees. How students get hands-on experience varies widely among colleges, programs,and individuals. A lot of programs make efforts to introduce hands-on approaches in their coursesthrough labs and project-based courses. The senior (capstone) projects are for most of theengineering programs the most comprehensive projects, asking the students to go from statingthe problem to formulating and designing a solution and to actually build and test the proposedsolution. Often, the senior projects are initiated from industry collaborations. Another way togain practical experience is to encourage and support
Conference Session
Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED) Poster Session
Collection
2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Yuwei Deng, King's College London; Wei Liu, King's College London
Tagged Divisions
Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED)
experiential training' program has beenintroduced that focuses on engineering projects from inception to completion. PBL formatsinclude Engineering design introductory course, Engineering design-based course, Real-lifeproduct design curriculum, Capstone project, Joint engineering-design degree programme, In-school lab practice and External cooperative internship training. The categorization of courses inthe literature has been presented in Fig.4, based on the duration and class setting of the courseproject, which are represented on the coordinates. Fig.4 Course classificationFirst-Year engineering design introductory courseCastles [80]and Al-Qaralleh [81] suggest adopting a series of workshop laboratory sessions
Conference Session
Innovative College-Industry Partnerships for the Future
Collection
2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Waddah Akili, Iowa State University
Tagged Divisions
College Industry Partnerships
industry-academia collaboration on many fronts. It was inspired by a round tablediscussion, where engineering graduates of Region’s colleges have suggested ways to startdeveloping viable and enduring connections between local industries and the academicinstitutions of the Arab Gulf States. Strategies to help promote the collaboration effort areoutlined. In particular, activities (plans, and scenarios) perceived as effective in closing the gapbetween academia and industries are described. Training, capstone courses, consulting by facultyand joint research projects, aimed at serving the interest of both parties (academia & theindustrial partners) are also addressed. The paper sheds light on: the mission, the nature, andrelevant benchmarks of
Conference Session
Technical Capacity Bldg for Developing Countries & Service Learning
Collection
2008 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
William Jordan, Baylor University; Glenn Blalock, Baylor University; Walter Bradley, Baylor University; Cynthia Fry, Baylor University; Anne Grinols, Baylor University; Brian Thomas, Baylor University
Tagged Divisions
International
initial group of students had already completed their“required” technical writing course. We are planning further assessment of the writing gains atthe end of the two-course sequence. Finally, when we consider the writing they will be doing inthe second of the proposed two-course sequence, students who complete those two courses willhave experienced more effective writing instruction than they would have in technical writing, ifwe define "effective writing instruction" as focus on and preparation for the kinds of writingstudents will do in their professional careers.Second Course: Technical EntrepreneurshipTechnology Entrepreneurship is a capstone, experiential learning course that is deliberatelycross-disciplinary and project-oriented. Its
Conference Session
Course-Based Approaches to Entrepreneurship
Collection
2008 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Kelly Crittenden, Louisiana Tech University; Jon Pratt, Louisiana Tech University; James Nelson, Louisiana Tech University
Tagged Divisions
Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation
Page 13.698.2enroll in IMPaCT from several different perspectives. A student can participate in IMPaCTthrough an engineering capstone design course, or through one of several other coursesconnected to the program. An IMPaCT project lasts for at least one academic year, some projectsmay span multiple years, although it is not necessary for a student receiving elective credit toenroll for the entire year. Over the course of the year, student teams take a project from idea toprototype to business plan. IMPaCT teams consist of engineers, business students and othermajors. The key points of IMPaCT are shown in Figure 1. The structure of the IMPaCT programhas been described in more detail in previous ASEE conference proceedings.2Figure 1. Key Points
Conference Session
Multidisciplinary Design in the Classroom
Collection
2009 Annual Conference & Exposition
Authors
Jessica Brakora, University of Michigan; Brian Gilchrist, University of Michigan; James Holloway, University of Michigan; Nilton Renno, University of Michigan; Steven Skerlos, University of Michigan; Toby Teory, University of Michigan; Peter Washabaugh, University of Michigan; Daryl Weinert, University of Michigan
Tagged Divisions
Design in Engineering Education
classroom knowledge education. We aretracking the following as some of our most important principles: 1. The real-world is multidisciplinary and our skills of practice must cut across engineering disciplines and even extend beyond engineering; 2. Engineering development must include at a minimum early project scoping (definition of requirements/constraints), concept design, building, and testing – we refer to this simply as the design-build-test (DBT) process. 3. This cannot be simply a traditional capstone, one-semester, senior-level, activity – students should be engaged as early as practical, ideally in the first year, and be able experience the DBT cycle more than once with growing sophistication.Because the MD