Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 29

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Paul Harvie, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University ; Kimberly A. Luthi, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University ; Monica Surrency, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University ; John K. Wilson, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

goal of improving academicperformance. The persistence in engineering will need to be assessed as Year 3 begins as theinitial cohort of students will start to enroll in upper-level coursework along the engineeringpathway.References[1] S. E. Lewis, "Retention and Reform: An Evaluation of Peer-Led Team Learning," Journal of Chemical Education, vol. 88, no. 6, pp. 703-070, 2011.[2] L. Gafney and P. Varma-Nelson, Peer-Led Team Learning Evaluation, Dissemination, and Institutionalization of a College Level Initiative, Springer Science & Business Media, 2008.[3] J. Liou-Mark, A. E. Dreyfuss and L. Younge, "Peer Assisted Learning Workshops in Precalculus: An Approach to Increasing Student Success," Mathematics & Computer

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Faiza Zafar, Rice University; Carolyn Nichol, Rice University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.rice.edu/10.1007/s10648-015-9355-x. [Accessed Jan. 15, 2024][3] W. S. Saeed Alawi, and M. M. Saeed Al-Mubarak, “Gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM): barriers and solutions,” International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, vol. 9, no. 6, pp 225-231, 2019. [Online]. Available: http://ezproxy.rice.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/gender- gap-science-technology-engineering/docview/2485440362/se-2?accountid=7064. [Accessed Jan. 20, 2024].[4] M. Martinez, F. Segura, J. M. Andujar, and Y. Ceada, “The gender gap in STEM careers: An inter-regional and transgenerational experimental study to identify the low presence of women,” Education Sciences

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Noe Vargas Hernandez, The University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley; Javier Ortega, The University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley; Arturo A Fuentes, The University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley; Eleazar Marquez, The University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

of interventions that continue this Freshman Year experience with Sophomore,Junior, and Senior Year Innovator Experiences, with an increasing portfolio of skills each year.AcknowledgementsThe authors express their gratitude to the participating instructors: Sandra Morrow, Erika Perez,and Michelle Alvarado, as well as the students involved in this project. Funding for this projectwas provided by NSF award 2225247.References[1] Brown, S. V. (1994) Under-represented minority women in science and engineering education. Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service, 1994.[2] A.A. Fuentes, S. Crown, R. Freeman, Human Bone Solid Mechanics Challenge Functionally Graded Material Structure with Complex Geometry Loading, AC 2001-2056, ASEE 2008

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Azadeh Bolhari, University of Colorado Boulder; Angela R Bielefeldt P.E., University of Colorado Boulder

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

of data collection is from focus groups with research participants in thecurricular intervention which was conducted in fall 2023. Furthermore, the reflective memos andpre/post ISE survey data of fall 2023 from the participants need to be analyzed with regards tothe demographics to understand how they informed the innovation self-efficacy of theengineering students.AcknowledgmentsThis material is based in part on work supported by the National Science Foundation underAward No. 2205067. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed inthis material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NationalScience Foundation. Dr. David Delaine provided valuable mentorship on qualitative

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lifford McLauchlan, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; David Hicks; Mehrube Mehrubeoglu, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi; Adetoun Yeaman, Northeastern University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

. More advanced applicationsfor the BeagleBone processor such as wireless communications using an Xbee are currentlybeing developed and tested.AcknowledgementsThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.2044255.References[1] C. Scaffidi and S. Distefano, "A Remotely Configurable Hardware/Software Architecture fora Distance IoT Lab," 2021 IEEE International Conference on Smart Computing(SMARTCOMP), Irvine, CA, USA, 2021, pp. 341-346.[2] M. Bharath, J. Indra and S. Kirubakaran, "Design and Development of Virtual LabEnvironment for Embedded System and IoT Applications," 2022 International Conference onInnovative Computing, Intelligent Communication and Smart Electrical Systems (ICSES),Chennai, India

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kristin Kelly Frady, Clemson University; Randi Sims, Clemson University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

collaboratorson this project. This work also served to bring greater awareness to the specific problemidentified in few prior research studies of viewing transfer students through a deficit-basedperspective. The manuscripts resulting from Year 1 work and the emphasis of future work on thisproject will be to promote and disseminate an assets-based approach.AcknowledgmentThis material is based upon work support by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.EEC 2144213. References[1] F. S. Laanan, S. S. Starobin, and L. E. Eggleston, “Adjustment of Community College Students at a Four-Year University: Role and Relevance of Transfer Student Capital for Student Retention,” J. Coll. Stud. Retent. Res

Conference Session

Faculty Development Division (FDD) Technical Session 11

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Megan Patberg Morin, North Carolina State University; Joel J. Ducoste, North Carolina State University; Evelyn C. Brown, North Carolina State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division (FDD)

developmental evaluation approach. Thesemethods and tools will not only benefit OFDS, but also other engineering departments, facultydevelopment centers, and offices.References[1] M. S. Bhat, V. Asha, and V. V. Thomas, ‘A comprehensive faculty development program: Three tier comprehensive training approach for holistic development of faculty members of engineering colleges to meet the challenges of future engineering education’, in 2013 IEEE International Conference in MOOC, Innovation and Technology in Education (MITE), 2013, pp. 280–284.[2] M. Huerta, J. S. London, and A. McKenna, ‘Engineering Deans’ Perspectives on the Current State of Faculty Development Programs in Engineering Education’, 2023.[3] K. H. Gillespie

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ying Tang, Rowan University; Sachin Shetty, Tennessee State University; Xiufang Chen, Rowan University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

), and finally to review what part of the problem has been resolved and what is yet to be solved (S). In this project, questions are deliberately presented in a coherent manner throughout the game to assist students in deciding what they already know about the problem and what needs to be explored further. Doing so forces students to conduct the sophisticated kind of thinking required for drawing inferences and developing interpretations. Fig. 2: A sample KWS enabled in Escape• Think-Aloud-Share-Solve (TA2S) training – As Vygotsky pointed out, learning is an inherently social and cultural rather than individual phenomenon [4-6]. The interactions among peers produce intellectual synergy of many

Conference Session

Simulation and Virtual Instrumentation

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nikunja Swain, South Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. Page 22.1402.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011Teaching Spreadsheet-Based Numerical Analysis with Visual Basic for Applications and Virtual Instruments AbstractLabVIEW, EXCEL and VBA are currently used in a number of engineering schools and industries forsimulation and analysis. By introducing virtual instrumentation (LabVIEW) and EXCEL/VBA to theexisting laboratory facilities and course(s) the students can be well trained with the latest designtechniques and computer aided instrumentation, design and process control used throughout industry.This will also allow the students greater interaction with the subject matter and

Conference Session

FPD VII: Innovative Curriculum Elements of Successful First-Year Courses

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris Plouff, Grand Valley State University; Deborah Morrow, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

with all ofthe program outcomes, ABET does not define lifelong learning or provide guidelines forassessing achievement of lifelong learning skills. Besterfield-Sacre et al.[2] identified keyattributes of lifelong learning as part of an NSF-funded Action Agenda study (listed on theEngineering Education Assessment Methodologies and Curricula Innovation website[3]). Theseattributes included the ability to: ● demonstrate reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills; ● demonstrate an awareness of what needs to be learned; ● follow a learning plan; ● identify, retrieve, and organize information; ● understand and remember new information; ● demonstrate critical thinking skills; and, ● reflect on one‟s own

Conference Session

Thinking Outside the Box! Innovative Curriculum Exchange for K12 Engineering

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Samuel Abbas Johnson, University of St. Thomas; AnnMarie Thomas, University of Saint Thomas

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

onlyreceiving three volts a piece. However, the actual voltage to each LED will be less than thepreviously mentioned values due to a voltage drop from the dough‟s electrical resistance. Figure 8 Figure 9ResistanceThe conductive dough serves as a wire with a built-in resistor. Because it is a semisolid, the Page 22.672.6resistance in the circuit increases as the length of the dough increases. The circuit demonstratedin Figure 10 is essentially the same as the circuit shown in Figure 1, but it uses longer pieces ofdough as wires. Since the resistance of the dough “wire” increases with length, the

Collection

1999 Annual Conference

Authors

Ingrid H. Soudek

using each philosophical approach to give the students an understanding of the theories,as well as think about what their own solution might be and why. Such an exercise not only helpsin learning the differences between ethical theories, but also offers an intellectual framework fortheir own beliefs which they can then develop even further to include components of beliefsystems that compliment their moral values .C Understand $moral autonomy# and develop a strong sense of personal commitment to moral principles: Having to think about and articulate one s own system of belief, also questioning why wewould choose a particular course of action in solving a moral dilemma, inevitably brings up thequestion of $moral autonomy.# What

Collection

2000 Annual Conference

Authors

Migri M. Prucz

].In response to the emerging needs of industry, modern technologies, and changing demographicsof the U. S. population, a systematic reforming process is under way in engineering education[2]. It entails not only major re-alignments of instructional topics and methods, but also updatedstrategies for student recruiting, admission, services, and development. National initiatives forupgrading undergraduate engineering programs in the U. S. include the "Engineering EducationCoalition" [3], task forces for "Engineering Education Assessments"[4], as well as revisedcriteria for ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology) accreditation [5

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Richard Gilbert; Andrew M. Hoff

s i s t o r u s i n g th e L O C O S P r o c e ss ∆ ∆ Scru b Clea n Grow th Depo s it Pho to ∆ Etch Strip Clean Gro w th Etch Cl ean ∆ Im p l an t Clea n Grow th Ph oto Etch Strip Clea n Sp utte r Pho to Etch Strip ∆ Ann e a lyet another icon group to learn the details necessary to make another attempt at building thefunctional device. Hence, the course proceeds through this iterative process using everincreasing levels of sophistication to accomplish the task. Over the course of this iterativeexperience, the

Conference Session

Research on The First Year II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Melissa Dagley-Falls, University of Central Florida; Michael Georgiopoulos, University of Central Florida; Cynthia Young, University of Central Florida

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

experience, living-learning communities, and persistence to graduation for students in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics programs.Michael Georgiopoulos, University of Central Florida Michael Georgiopoulos is a Professor in the UCF School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and the PI of the NSF-funded S-STEM program at UCF entitled the "Young Entrepreneur and Scholar(YES) Scholarship Program" as well as the NSF-funded STEP program entitled "EXCEL:UCF-STEP Pathways to STEM: From Promise to Prominence." Dr. Georgiopoulos' research interests lie in the areas of machine learning, neural networks, pattern recognition and applications in signal/image processing

Conference Session

IE Applications and Systems

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Samuel Guccione, Eastern Illinois University; Thomas McDonald, Eastern Illinois University

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

AC 2010-894: A META STUDY OF DISCRETE EVENT MODELING ANDSIMULATION (DES) USED BY HEALTHCARE INDUSTRIESSamuel Guccione, Eastern Illinois UniversityThomas McDonald, Eastern Illinois University Page 15.52.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2010 A Meta Study of Discrete Event Modeling and Simulation (DES) Used by Healthcare IndustriesIntroductionDiscrete event modeling and simulation (DES) is a popular tool in widely varying fields foridentifying and answering questions about the effects of changes on processes. Themanufacturing and business sectors have been using DES since the early 1980’s. Because ofissues related to economic and social

Conference Session

Track 1 - Session 2 - Student Development

Collection

2012 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Haeseong J. Jee, Hongik University

Tagged Topics

Track 1 - Student Development

GC 2012-5643: DESIGN EDUCATIONS FOR STUDENTS AT MECHANI-CAL ENGINEERINGHaeseong J. Jee, Hongik University Haeseong J. Jee, Professor, Hongik University B. S. in Mechanical Engineering, Seoul Nat’l University in Korea Ph. D. in Mechanical Engineering, MIT NIST in Gaithersburg, Maryland Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hongik University in Korea Page 17.14.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012DESIGN EDUCATIONS FOR STUDENTS AT MECHANICALENGINEERINGHaeseong J. Jee, Professor, Hongik UniversityB. S. in Mechanical Engineering, Seoul Nat‟l University in Korea Ph. D. in

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michelle Baker, Rowan University; Brian Lefebvre, Rowan University; Stephanie Farrell, Rowan University

biophysics. AIChE J. 49,806-812.2. Lightfoot, E.N. and Moscariello, J.S. (2004). Bioseparations. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 87, 260.3. Bonnerjea, J., Oh, S., Hoare, M., and Dunnill, P. (1986). Protein purification: the right step at the right time.Bio/technology 4, 954.4. Ward, W.W., Swiatek, G.C., and Gonzalez, D.G. (2000). Green fluorescent protein in biotechnology education.Methods Enzymol. 305, 672-680.5. Bes, M.T., Sancho, J., Peleaot, M.L., Medina, M., Gomez-Moreno, C., and Fillat, M.F. (2003). Purification ofcolored photosynthetic proteins for understanding protein isolation principles. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Educ. 31, 119-122.6. Sommer, C.A., Silva, F.H., and Novo, M.R.M. (2004). Teaching molecular biology to undergraduate biologystudents

Conference Session

Innovative ET Leadership

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Lakshmi Munukutla, Arizona State University

create greatdifficulty for EET educators in identifying the future directions of the program of study.Today, these boundaries are dissolving rapidly and therefore confusion is rampant in theability of educators to layout sustainable EET curriculum directions that confidentlyaddress the future workforce needs of industry and society. The focus of this paper is toillustrate the whole process of road mapping to create new program focus areas in thefield of electronics and closely related fields that yield employment to our graduates intothe new emerging technological disciplines.Introduction:To build a successful technology enterprise, it is vital to have a knowledge basedworkforce with skills in science and engineering (S&E). In addition

Conference Session

Portable/Embedded Computing II

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Cameron Wright; Michael Morrow; Thad Welch

output to the host computer s monitor • Or with a great deal of effort, stand-alone host computer applications with textual or graph- ical display windowsWhile these outputs are informative, the ability to turn on and off an electric motor, a light, orsome other appliance would add considerably more interest for many students. For example, if astudent was developing a voice/speaker recognition algorithm which had as its primary function theability to recognize the designated user s voice and turn on or off a fan when the phrase fan. . . onor fan. . . off was detected, wouldn t it be a much more ful lling project and demonstration if afan actually turned on or off instead of one of the previously mentioned computer-based simulatedresponses? We

Conference Session

Energy Program and Software Tools

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Keshav Varde

Session 3433 Energy and Engine Research through Undergraduate Research Program Keshav S. Varde College of Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan-Dearborn, MichiganAbstractThe need for engineers to engage in research and development activities in engines andpropulsion systems has been increasing. This is more so evident in automotive industry wherethere has been a push to increase overall efficiency of propulsion systems, make use alternativefuels to help reduce dependency on oil and reduce exhaust emissions, and to use environmentallyfriendly

Conference Session

Improving Mechanics of Materials

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Ali Mohammadzadeh

difficulty to visualize and understand. The objective ofthis paper is to help students to understand and reinforce their comprehension of thesefundamental concepts of solid mechanics by introducing them to the 3 different approachesoutlined and discussed here.An L-shaped high strength aluminum beam, E = 10.4E6 psi, cantilevered at one end and subjectto a concentrated load P at the free end (Figure 1) is used to teach these 3 fundamental concepts. S Z Y α Q X Strain gage rosette L

Conference Session

Novel Classroom Environments

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Kathryn Hollar; Mariano Savelski; Stephanie Farrell

demonstrating engineering principles byreverse engineering the human body. The chocolate experiment was designed to fit intothis curriculum and generalize some of the topics being covered in each section. In thebeer brewing modules, student teams discuss packaging, marketing, and GMPs. In thehuman body modules, student teams study metabolism, work, and mass transferprinciples as they relate to the human body. Students found the chocolate experiment a“fun and exciting” introduction to food processing. The discussion of chocolateprocessing was lively and focused, and students showed a genuine interest in how food ismanufactured.References[1] S. Farrell, R. Hesketh, and C. S. Slater, "A laboratory project to design and implement a process for the

Conference Session

Track 1: Technical Session 9: Credit Loss for Engineering Transfer Students: Visualizations Across Students and Structures

Collection

2024 Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

Amy Jo Richardson, Virginia Tech Department of Engineering Education; David B Knight, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions

CONCLUSIONS OR RECOMMENDATIONS EXPRESSED IN THISMATERIAL ARE THOSE OF THE AUTHOR(S) AND DO NOT NECESSARILYREFLECT THE VIEWS OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION. NATIONAL PRIORITY INCREASE GRADUATES BROADEN PARTICIPATION President’s Council of Advisors on Underrepresented groups in engineering Science and Technology estimated that are also the fastest growing segment of the United States will need 1 million the general population, and so it is also additional STEM professionals. important that the field similarly reflect the population it serves.Among the national priorities are increasing graduates in STEM and

Conference Session

Track 1: Technical Session 6: stEm PEER Academy: the Power of Human Capital

Collection

2024 Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

Jennifer Ocif Love, Northeastern University; Claire Duggan, Northeastern University; Elizabeth H. Blume, Northeastern University Engineering PLUS Alliance

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

dissertation in elementary STEAM education. She also worked as a professional engineer in the athletic footwear and medical device industries for 10 years before joining the faculty at Northeastern University in 2006.Ms. Claire Duggan, Northeastern University Claire Duggan is currently the Executive Director for The Center for STEM Education at Northeastern University and Co-Principal Investigator for The Engineering PLUS Alliance. She is also current the Co-Principal Investigator for the REU site, REU Pathways and the S-STEM initiative, S-POWER.Ms. Elizabeth H. Blume, Northeastern University Engineering PLUS Alliance Elizabeth Blume is Manager of the Dept. of Homeland Security PEERs, SENTRY and Engineering PLUS Alliance

Collection

2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Reza Harirforoush, Cleveland State University

, finite element method, and product development. Sincejoining Cleveland State University, he has taught nine subjects, including kinematics, electrical Proceedings of the 2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference 6 Copyright © 2024, American Society for Engineering Educa;onsystems, vibrations, linear control systems, machine design, programming with MATLAB,dynamics and statics, and strengths of materials.References[1] Nair C. S., Patil A., and Mertova P. (2009). “Re-Engineering Graduate Skills - A Case Study.” European Journal of Engineering Education. Vol. 34, pp 131–39.[2] ArunKumar, S., Sasikala S., and Kavitha K. (2018). “Towards Enhancing Engineering Education

Conference Session

Applications of Online Computing

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jess W. Everett, Rowan University; Kaitlin Engle Mallouk, Rowan University; Joseph Francis Stanzione III, Rowan University; Jenahvive K. Morgan, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

similar ones. Where three scored problems in a common areaare assigned, the effect of voluntary un-scored practice is not enough to improve performance ona fourth scored problem, for which no practice is provided, regardless of how practice is 11provided. Given the voluntary nature of the practice problems studied here, and the ease withwhich they can be provided with systems such as PathFinder, their use is recommended,especially related practice problems. Future work can focus on more difficult problems. Studentscan be directly asked why they do or do not use practice problems.References1 Bonham, S. W., Deardorff, D. L., & Beichner, R. J. (2003). Comparison of student performanceusing web and

Conference Session

General Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Perry Samson, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

. Page 24.1181.8One initial clustering effort, based on student self-reports of physical and emotional statedemonstrates a strong relationship in outcomes and emotional state. While this is not necessarilysurprising this result raises questions about what responsibility do instructors have to identifystudents having emotional distress? And, once identified, what are the best strategies for dealingwith the students who score low in self reported wellness?ReferencesAnaya, A. R. and J. G. Boticario (2009). A Data Mining Approach to Reveal Representative Collaboration Indicators in Open Collaboration Frameworks. 2nd International Conference On Educational Data Mining. Cordoba, Spain.Baker, R. S. J. d. (2010). Data Mining. International

Collection

2023 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Sanjay Tewari

of alittle reorganization to integrate these experiences systematically into the curriculum. Evaluationmethods should focus on assessing both technical competencies, soft skills, and leadershipdevelopment.ConclusionExperiential learning and professional exposure are essential in preparing civil engineeringstudents for successful careers. By embracing senior seminars, internships, co-ops,undergraduate research, study abroad, service learning, student design teams, leadership roles,and students deeper involvement with civil engineering related student organizations, educationalinstitutions can empower graduates with the multidimensional skills required to excel in thediverse and dynamic field of civil engineering.References[1] S. Tewari

Conference Session

Faculty Development Division (FDD) Technical Session 7

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shawna Dory, Penn State University; Sarah E Zappe, Penn State University; Stephanie Cutler, Penn State University

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division (FDD)

utilize the app with students and providing more concrete suggestions may have increased the number of faculty who took advantage of the offering.• Another unique element of this initiative was the partnership with the local organization who offered the mental health first aid training. This is the first time that the TLC partnered with a local organization. Another lesson learned from this experience was to look locally, beyond the university, to find resources relevant to faculty. We were extremely impressed with the quality of the training and the presenters and would not hesitate to work with them again for other relevant programming. Bibliography[1] S. Cutler and A. Coso