ρ, Specific volume v, internal energy u, and enthalpy h areintroduced. Water undergoing boiling at atmospheric pressure is used to demonstrate theexistence of mixture phase with liquid and vapor phases coexisting. The mixture quality x isdefined to quantify the extent of phase change. A T-v diagram, such as Fig. 1, is effective fordepicting the constant temperature phase change processes at different pressures, leading to thefamiliar vapor dome. This depiction is important to contextualize the property regions beforeintroducing the steam tables. Because the steam tables serve as the primary source for retrievingthe properties when solving problems, the T-v diagram is a convenient visual aid to highlight thediscrete regions that
degrees [2]. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, thesmall percentage of U.S. workers employed in fields related to science and engineering areresponsible for more than 50% of our sustained economic expansion [1]. To benefit our economyand society, our national priority should be on encouraging more students to study STEM.Unfortunately, the U.S. is trending in the opposite direction. In the early 1980’s, about 40 percentof the world’s scientists and engineers resided in the U.S. Today that number has shrunk to about15 percent [1]. The STEM Scholars monthly seminars focused on promoting the pursuit ofgainful employment, or graduate school and research in STEM. Developing essential and softskills training over the five-year period, as well as
teaching development(TD) programs is the Longitudinal Study of Future STEM Scholars (Connolly et al., 2016),which studied graduate students from three large institutions. The goal of this work was toanswer the question “What are the short- and long-term effects of TD programs on doctoralstudents’ teaching-related skills, knowledge, attitudes, and career choices?” The three mostimportant results are captured in the executive summary: “1) TD during the doctoral programhad positive, significant effects for all participants, including those who do not take positions inacademia after graduating. 2) Participating in TD programs during the doctoral program had noeffect on students’ time to degree completion, which was six years on average. 3) For
Aerospace Engineering @ Texas A&M since 1/03. His research is focused on computational plasma modeling using spectral and lattice Boltzmann methods for studying plasma turbulence and plasma jets. His research has also included fluid physics and electric propulsion using Lattice-Boltzmann methods, spectral element methods, Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (WENO), etc. Past research includes modeling single and multi-species plasma flows through ion thruster optics and the discharge cathode assembly; computer simulations of blood flow interacting with blood vessels; modeling ocean-air inter- action; reacting flow systems; modeling jet engine turbomachinery going unstable at NASA for 6 years (received NASA
students: Teachers 1. How confident are science and technology teachers in teaching an integrated STEM lessons and design activities? a. Does their confidence increase with TRAILS professional development? 2. What challenges do science and technology teacher identify when planning integrated STEM activities in rural school settings? Students 3. To what degree do students demonstrate learning of STEM content knowledge embedded within TRAILS lessons? 4. To what degree do students use 21st century skills when engaged in TRAILS lessons? 5. Does students’ confidence in learning STEM subjects increase after engaging in TRAILS lessons? 6. Does students’ interest in STEM careers change
Online Training reportedsuccessful outcomes in only eightmonths: Five of seven colleges startedenrolling an average of 4.8 more femalestudents in their targeted STEM coursesand six of seven colleges increasedfemale retention from an averagebaseline of 58 percent to 100 percent [1].The WTE Online Training wasdeveloped and introduced in 2012 duringthe NSF-funded CalWomenTech Scale Figure 1. WomenTech Educators Online Training System 1.0Up (CWTSU) Project (NSF #1102996; June 2011-May 2016) and further improved anddisseminated during the NOW Project. It is the WTE Online Training’s targeted, data-drivenapproach that helps institutions achieve successful outcomes in a short time period. The WTEOnline
, organization, and delivery of several web based Electrical Engineering courses offered at Morgan State University. Her technical expertise includes, web-based learning, online course development, information management, systems integration, and 3-D simulation and modeling. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 Impact of a Year-Round Out-of-School Making Program on Minority Middle School Boys (Work in Progress)IntroductionAfrican-Americans, Hispanics, and women are underrepresented in science, technology,engineering and mathematics (STEM) disciplines. As shown in Table 1, for the African-Africanpopulation, which is the focus of this paper, males are 5.6% of the
and a middle school mathematics teacher at a Title 1 school in Waco, TX. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 PECASE: Implementing K-12 Engineering Standards through STEM Integration - An Executive Summary of the Products and ResearchIntroduction K-12 Engineering Education has risen to the forefront as engineering continues to gainstate-level and national attention (Moore, Tank, Glancy, & Kersten, 2015; NGSS lead states,2013; National Research Council [NRC], 2009; 2012). However, engineering at this level doesnot have the same extensive literature base that is seen at the post-secondary level or within otherdisciplines at the K-12 level
science teachers toparticipate in the project. Because of the intense nature of the activities by participants and thementorship required of program instructors (faculty, graduate students, and undergraduatestudent mentors), the participant pool is limited to 75 (60 students, 15 teachers), with a targetstudent to teacher ratio of 4:1.The summer program provides participants with direct, hands-on research experiences with topicareas of relevance to many minority populations, i.e., the environment, water quality, and urbanwater sustainability. These topic areas encompass several of the Grand Challenges identified byNational Academy of Engineering. Students and teachers learn about water and nutrient cycles,and urban impacts to water quality
materials. Teachers work in pairswith faculty and student researchers in efforts focused on addressing 21st century grandchallenges in engineering in three areas: (1) improved efficiency polymer solar cells, (2) highperformance polymers and composites from renewable feedstocks, and (3) environmental impactof synthetic materials in sea water.RET participants receive a stipend of $5000 for their summer research and receive an additional$1500 stipend during the school year for participation in planned activities. Additional fundswere made available for materials & supplies for implementation of the school activities and fortravel to the MS Science Teachers Association, American Chemical Society meeting and othertechnical/educational
digital fabrication machines and maker spaces in schools can be used to teach pre-college students engineering.Mr. David Alsdorf, Tufts University c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 MakerGames: A Board Game to Help Facilitators Maximize the Educational Potential of Project Based Learning (Works in Progress) I. Introduction Teachers are looking for new ways to bring engineering into their classes as they adapt their curriculum to include new content from the next generation science standards [1] and the less tangible “21st century skills” [2] . Tufts University Center for Engineering
and involves tackling open-ended, ill-defined problems. Design knowledge islargely procedural rather than declarative; students must learn to follow a methodical (top-down, breadth-first) process, while learning to adapt this problem-solving strategy in responseto the uncertainty inherent in design [1–3]. The appropriate balance between the flexible andmethodical aspects of design problem solving is highly context-dependent; it varies dependingon the type of project being undertaken, the students involved in the project, the resourcesavailable, and so on. This introduces challenges to project-based design education, in particularthe need for coaching and feedback tailored to the particular context of each student project.To provide such
)minorities in STEM. Authors used the DAET to examine fifth grade minority studentsengineering perceptions after the EiE unit, Making Work Easier, was accomplished by thestudents. The following research questions guided our study: (a) To what extent are fifth grademinority students’ perceptions of engineering changed after a unit of EiE curriculum? (b) Howdoes gender influence fifth grade students’ perceptions of engineering?MethodsParticipants in this study are enrolled in a Title 1, 100% free and reduced lunch, K-12 publiccharter school in the southwestern United States. This school is the most diverse in its districtwith students representing more than 15 different countries and languages. The 26 students inthis research sample consists of 13
students in grades 9-12, and expanding the courseofferings in the computer engineering curriculum at OCtech to include robotics and automatedmanufacturing and sharing developed resources with K-12 institutions and other colleges.C. Results/AccomplishmentsThe accomplishments of each project are summarized in this section.1. Diverse Engineering Pathways: Curriculum Innovation and Best Practice forRecruitment, Retention and Advancement of Engineering Technology MajorsInitiatives under the Diverse Engineering Pathways Project embraced area students, K-12teachers and guidance counselors, college faculty and neighboring employers.Major results are: • As a result of the Diverse Engineering Pathways there were 1353 students in area high
-college engineering education. It isdesigned to promote workforce development in science, technology, engineering, andmathematics (STEM) by intentional and purposeful engagement of grade K-12 educators in bothformal and informal learning environments as a means to increase reach and promote pre-collegeengineering education with a diverse number of students who in return are instilled with themindset to enroll, persist and graduate college with degrees in fields of science and engineering.The three specific goals or research topics for the RET programming are (1) to equip teacherswith the ability to transfer applied engineering research activities to their classrooms and developand disseminate new curriculum associated with these activities, (2
, and a champion who has a career in a STEM field work with the student to provideencouragement throughout their time in the program, while answering questions about courses,careers, and future opportunities. They also work with the student to help establish SMART(specific, measureable, attainable, realistic, and timely) short-term, mid-level, and long-termgoals.Table 1 identifies minimal expectations provided by their connections; however, we encouragescholars to reach out as much as they need to receive adequate input and guidance. Table 1. Scholarship Program Connections Role Contributions Academic Advisor Works with student, by recommending courses to map out a
the culturally appropriate readingmaterials.IntroductionA child’s ability to read by the end of third grade is a critical predictor of their future successincluding high school graduation, earning potential and general productivity.1 Many states havepassed legislation requiring schools to identify at-risk readers and provide interventions to helpincrease the reading scores of these students.2, 3 For example, Ohio has the Third Grade ReadingGuarantee which requires that students achieve a minimum score on the Ohio AchievementAssessment (OAA) in order to advance to the fourth grade. Schools are using a variety ofdifferent intervention strategies to improve the reading skills of at risk readers. One suchstrategy is afterschool literacy programs
interdisciplinary approaches will not only develop competencies of the 21stcentury engineer but also enable undergraduate students to become change agents and promote asustainable future.Research ApproachOur plan to develop and test instructional resources for transferring knowledge between biologyand engineering is outlined in Table 1.Table 1: Plan for incorporating biomimicry into design innovation Create and disseminate evidence-based instructional resources: a. Design instructional resources that help students to identify characteristics of engineering design problems that enable bio-inspired design (making the leap from engineering to biology). Objective 1 b. Design instructional
is a work-in-progress and presents a successful pilot of a new communitycentered engineering educational initiative. Five specific areas associated with launchingthis pilot prototype two-week DTSC are presented including:1. Processes, methods and techniques used to develop new curriculum.2. Pedagogy, instructional concepts, activities, outcomes and environments.3. Developing effective collaboration and community partnership models.4. Review of results, outcomes and assessment techniques employed.5. Insights and details on how to improve and develop high school STEM programs.Processes, Methods and TechniquesThe ability to offer cutting edge innovation, creativity and design curricula was madepossible by a ten-year investment on the part of
special emphasis areas.Several data collection modalities were used to provide formative feedback and overallassessment for the REU site. These included pre-program, post-program, and one-year follow-up surveys, student focus groups held at the midpoint and at the end of the 10-week program,and interviews with faculty and graduate student mentors. Results and interpretation of theseassessments follow.ResultsOne of the recruitment goals of the program was to attract underrepresented applicants. Our pre-program survey, which included demographic information, indicated that we were able to drawfrom female and non-Caucasian groups to a much greater extent compared to regional averages(in part, by recruiting nationally), as shown in Table 1. In
. Data collected during this timedemonstrated a statistically significant increase in teacher content knowledge and an increase in their useof guided inquiry and active learning activities (Polasik, 2016). Evidence has shown that guided inquiryand active teaching methods are correlated to increases in students’ content knowledge and capacity forscientific thinking (Shouse et al., 2007; 2010).In the 2012 – 2015 academic years, the program monitored teacher use of materials science hands-onactivities and their effectiveness as one metric of the degree to which the PD was impacting theclassroom. As Figure 1, (Polasik, Daehn, and McCombs 2016) illustrates, the number of materials scienceactivities increased substantially. This increase was also seen
ofinstitution removed for review] by the beginning of the second semester provides an orientationto the client requirements. Several additional design reviews are held throughout the semester tokeep the design process aligned with the requirements. Sample projects are described as follows.Project 1: Fall-prevention walkerWalkers are often used to improve stability and promote mobility. However, most walkers havecertain usability limitations. Walkers without wheels need to be lifted at each step, and walkerswith wheels require brakes to avoid sliding out from under the user during a fall event. Handbrakes are not very useful because many users lack the hand strength to effectively use them. Afirst team of students designed a wheeled walker that included
). Therefore, without a strong infrastructure supportingteacher professional preparation and development, simply adding new content is not likely toachieve the intended goals (Guzey et al., 2014).The authors of this work are affiliated with an NSF-funded STEM-C project STEM-C project inpartnership with the Des Moines Public Schools (Trinect) which deploys a new model of teacherpreparation through a multi-pronged, team-based approach. The project has completed threesemesters of activity involving cohorts of student teachers, cooperating teachers, and engineeringstudents. Through these efforts, we have observed several gaps in student teacher preparation,including: (1) understanding of the nature of engineering, (2) knowing the distinction andsynergy
ourinitial progress and our proposed framework. This is a work in progress.IntroductionThe need for the math and science foundation in engineering students' education to incorporateless defined but necessary skills such as persistence and willingness to take calculated risks hasbeen acknowledged by many. In this paper, we give an executive summary of a project thatsupports this goal and describe our initial progress. Our work is an interdisciplinary study thatcombines methods from the learning sciences with machine learning techniques to characterizeundergraduate engineering students' “habits of mind”, which are modes of thinking required forSTEM students to become effective problem solvers capable of transferring such skills to newcontexts [1]. An
, are not rigidly scheduled, and physician time is expensive andlimited. A team leader model, upon which our design program was conceived, can alleviate theseissues, reducing the logistical burden on clinical resources and enabling a peer education system(Figure 1).Team Leader Training CoursesWe employ a team leader model, where students apply and are interviewed by faculty to beselected as a leader nine months before the academic year. The process of selection is describedelsewhere (Allen 2013). In brief, students apply for the leadership position. Faculty selectleaders based on their academic and extracurricular records and an interview process. Wedeveloped two one-credit team leader courses to precede the traditional yearlong design
institutions,Belnap and Allred reported that 75.5% of mathematics GTAs had such duties 1. However,despite the wide use of GTAs, their preparation to teach remains a concern. Indeed, the amountof training GTAs receive varies greatly across universities and departments. In some cases,training is not provided to them at all; when it is provided, it can take several forms. Mostcommonly, GTAs receive a short-term training prior to the beginning of the semester in whichthey are assigned with teaching responsibilities 2,3. Sometimes these trainings are accompaniedby workshops conducted throughout an academic year 4. Another type of GTA preparation iscourse-based 5–7. Here, GTAs are invited or required to complete a course on teaching basics –essentially, an
developing pilot programs or activities, the team collected front-end data from Head Startparents and staff members in order to ensure that the project was aligned with the interests andneeds of the community and built on the prior experiences and funds of knowledge (González,Moll, & Amanti, 2005) of families and staff. The data collection was driven by three broadquestions, developed collaboratively across the partner organizations: 1) What are parents’ beliefs, attitudes, and interests related to engineering? 2) What funds of knowledge do parents and families bring to the experiences that can be integrated into the programs to make them more successful? 3) What opportunities and barriers exist for Head Start families that should
the program.Materials and MethodsWe used readily available materials for this outreach program. This includes buying a codingmouse and using free websites to learn coding language.Coding Mouse: We used the Learning Resources STEM Code & Go Robot Mouse Activity Set.This set is sold for $50 - $60 and is shown in Figure 1. v Figure 1: Learning Resources STEM Code & Go Robot Mouse Activity Set. This set includes a battery operated mouse that can be programmed to turn in four directions. The kit also include plastic maze grids and barriers for creating you own maze, suggested activity cards and double sided coding cards (see arrows in top left). This kit costs about $50 and the mouse alone costs about
, 2014). Further, math diagnostics can also be a potentially valuable resource for mathfaculty and student support center personnel. In contrast to traditional standardized placementtests, math diagnostics can provide skill specific information about student math skills.1 Researchin middle schools, high schools, and community colleges demonstrates how diagnosticinformation can improve placement accuracy and help teachers tailor instruction in mathclassrooms (Ngo & Melguizo, 2016; Betts, Hahn, & Zau, 2011; Huang, Snipes, & Finklestein,2015). These findings indicate that while HSTs may be valuable for improving the efficiencyand effectiveness of math course placement, the combination of HSTs and diagnostics may beessential to
concepts and science fiction medium used by students is listed in Table encourages students to take ownership of their learning [1]. There has been a recent push by the 1. Overall, students showed creativity in applying the biomechanical concepts (Figure 3). The American Society of Biomechanics (ASB), as evidenced by the first annual National Biomechanics instructor of record addressed any misconceptions and errors in the students’ biomechanical Day and 2016 K-12 Outreach Expo, to compile and present ‘hands-on’ biomechanics demonstrations analyses in a written comment with the grade. Despite varying projects, average total scores and lab activities to get K-12 school age