Conference Session

Learning Styles

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Daniel Knight; Jacquelyn Sullivan; Lawrence Carlson

Attitudes: A Cross-Institutional Study,” Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 90, 2001, pp. 477-489.5. Poole, S. J., deGrazia, J. L., & Sullivan, J. F. “Assessing K-12 Pre-Engineering Outreach Programs,” Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 90, No.1, 2001, pp. 43-48.6. Marchmen III, J. F. “Multinational, Multidisciplinary, Vertically Integrated Team Experience in Aircraft Design,” International Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 14, 1998, pp. 328-334.7. Engineering Accreditation Commission. “Criteria for Accrediting Engineering Programs: Effective for Evaluations During the 2001-2002 Accreditation Cycle,” Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, Inc. 2001, http://www.abet.org/images/Criteria/eac_criteria_b.pdf8

Conference Session

Curriculum Development in Graphics

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Alice Scales; Aaron Clark

theircurrent positions as engineering/technical professionals and the factors that are influencing theirlevel of job satisfaction.During the fall of 2001, a questionnaire was sent to all of the members in the Engineering DesignGraphics Division of the America Society for Engineering Education living in the United Statesand Canada. The questionnaire was designed to look at job satisfaction and to identifymotivational factors that influence educators’ perception of their work environment(s). Theinstrument, originally developed and validated by Mottaz in 1981, was design to measure theintrinsic and extrinsic variables associated with job satisfaction. 1 Questions in the survey looked atjob responsibilities, salary, supervision, autonomy, promotion, co

Conference Session

Retention: Keeping the Women Students

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Paige Smith

self-efficacy expectations to the selection ofscience-based college majors. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 23, 329-45.6. Didion, C.J.(1993). Attracting graduate and undergraduate women as science majors. Journal of Social Behaviorand Personality, 11, 336-368.7. Ensher, E., and Murphy, S. (1997). Effects of race, gender, perceived similarity, and contact on mentorrelationships. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 50, 460-681.8. Etzkowitz, H. Kemelgor, C., and Uzzi, B. (2000). Athena unbound. New York: Cambridge University Press.9. Fassinger, R. (1996). Notes from the margins: Integrating lesbian experience into the vocational psychology ofwomen. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 48, 160-175.10. Fassinger, R. (2001). Women in non-traditional

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Weining Feng; Alberto Gomez-Rivas; George Pincus

ground and three below. Discomforting vibrations and swaying aretwo problems confronting designers of high-rise structures. With buildings over 200 meters tall,wind loads rater than earthquake loads determine the design of the main structural members.Design wind loads were determined in wind tunnel experiments7.As an additional measure to assure the comfort of the occupants, two tuned mass dampers(TMDs) were installed on the roof to reduce wind-induced motion. A pendulum weighting 50 t iscomputer-controlled so that its swing period counteracts that of the building. The devices wereinstalled in opposite corners of the roof. When the average wind velocity is approximately 20m/s, the TMDs reduced the response acceleration of the building by 50

Conference Session

The Modern ChE Laboratory

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Christopher Brazel

Session 3613 Integrating Team Laboratory Experiments Into a Senior Biochemical Engineering Course Christopher S. Brazel Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0203Abstract A laboratory supplement to a senior biochemical engineering course was developed toimprove teaming skills and expose chemical engineering students to nontraditional industries,such as food, pharmaceuticals, biomedical engineering, and bioprocessing. This

Conference Session

Closing Manufacturing Competency Gaps II

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Venkat Allada; Rajiv Mishra; Ming Leu; Anthony Okafor; Ashok Agrawal; Frank Liou

presentation and report. A library collecting these reports, to be maintained by UMR’s MEEP, will be available for other students to learn about the project’s history. Successful or not, each case represents a valuable experience to be shared with others. This library will also be accessible to other institutions through the Internet. Course module Adaptation sources Effort in Delivery Module (references) the method(s) Learning adaptation Time process Team-based product 13, 16

Conference Session

Academic Prerequisites for Licensure

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Howard Epstein

Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright  2002, American Society for Engineering Educationimplementing the policy. This paper gives some background, a broad overview of the TC report,the comments about it, and the status of the issue.BackgroundIn the 1950’s and early 1960’s, most five-year programs in existence were beingphased out as the engineering programs, in general, were reducing credit requirements.The reduction was accomplished by elimination of many skill courses (such asdrafting) and some courses were pushed back into high school. When this transitionwas taking place, many engineering educators justified the reduction in credits byarguing that a master’s degree would become

Conference Session

Unique Lab Experiments

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Brent Vaughn; Chiang Lin

Session 2526 Integrated Web-based Data Acquisition System in Civil Engineering Laboratories Brent M. Vaughn, P.E., Chiang Lin, Ph.D. Southern Illinois University EdwardsvilleIntroductionA hands-on laboratory education has been considered a necessary part of teaching assignments inundergraduate engineering education. Since the 1980’s, many changes have been made to theclassroom teaching due to the advancement of personal computers. In recent years, the usage ofweb-based technology has brought even more potential to improve teaching, especially invarious

Conference Session

Capstone Design

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Raj Desai; Ted Loso; Dave Baird; Craig Downing; Gary Frey

2425 The Role of Design and Prototyping in Industry/Education Partnerships Gary S. Frey, David Baird, Ted Loso, Raj Desai, Craig Downing Southeast Missouri State UniversityIntroductionThe purpose of this continuing study was to determine if industry and educational partnershipsare effective ways to improve student learning and provide services that industry could otherwisenot afford. It was thought that Solid Modeling and Rapid Prototyping would be valuable inincreasing the translation between abstract 2-D drawings and actual 3-D parts. In

Conference Session

Tools of Teaching

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Joseph Hanus; Allen Estes

student s could predict the winner. The students are lead to the conclusion that the composite cylinders are in general plane motion and, although their total masses are roughly equal, their mass moments of inertia are not equal. Therefore, the mass moment of inertia of the composite cylinders will determine the winner and this property is calculated for each composite cylinder: 1. Weigh and calculate the mass of each component of the composite cylinders, 2. Calculate each component’s mass moment of inertia, · Solid core, I core = ½ mcore rcore (1) · Shell, I shell = m shell rshell (2

Collection

ASEE Mid-Atlantic Section Spring Conference

Authors

Joshua Halpern, Prince George's Community College and LibreTexts; Nadene Houser-Archield, Prince George's Community College; Neeharika Thakur; Scott D. Johnson, Prince George's Community College; Scott A Sinex, Prince George's Community College

/j.2168-9830.2003.tb00769.x March 4, 2024.[2]. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. “Barriers and Opportunities for2-Year and 4-Year STEM Degrees: Systemic Change to Support Diverse Student Pathways.Committee on Barriers and Opportunities in Completing 2-Year and 4-Year STEM Degrees." S.Malcom and M. Feder, Editors. Board on Science Education, Division of Behavioral and SocialSciences and Education. Board on Higher Education and the Workforce, Policy and GlobalAffairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press 2016. DOI: 10.17226/21739. Accessedat https://nap.nationalacademies.org/login.php?record_id=21739 March 4, 2024.[3]. M. Laugerman, D. Rover, M. Shelley, and S. Mickelson. “Determining graduation rates

Conference Session

Track 3: Technical Session 3: Envisioning Equitable Pathways to STEM Graduate Education: Creating a Coalition including University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Bowie State University, and University of Maryland College Park to Make It Happen

Collection

2024 Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

Rosemary Parker, University of Maryland, College Park; JACQUELINE SMITH, Bowie State University; Isabel K Lloyd, Materials Science and Engineering Dept., University of Maryland, College Park, MD; Jennifer Johnson, Temple University ; Yuanwei Jin, University of Maryland Eastern Shore

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

must undergo a paradigm shift. It is critical to study why the current paradigmis not producing sufficient URM STEM graduates and to identify the root-level challengeswhich must be ameliorated to sustain long-term change. HBCUs are playing a pivotal rolein increasing diversity in STEM by preparing URMs for graduate studies in Science &Engineering (S&E). By working with HBCUs, Predominantly White Institutions (PWIs)can help change the diversity landscape of STEM graduate education. Our partnershipseeks to demonstrate the strength of a systematic change approach.Systemic Change ApproachThe CEPath (Creating Equitable Pathways to Graduate Education) project laid afoundation to address identified structural barriers inhibiting systemic

Collection

2024 ASEE-GSW

Authors

Matthew Kuester, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor; Paul R Griesemer, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor

Tagged Topics

Diversity

engineering pedagogy as well as topics in the fields of optimal control and artificial intel ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2024 1 Session XXXX Using Projects to Improve Student Engagement and Retention in a First-Year Engineering Course Matthew S. Kuester and Paul R. Griesemer Computer Science, Engineering, and Physics Department University of Mary Hardin-Baylor AbstractThe first-year engineering course at the

Conference Session

Assessing Students and Programs

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ron Scozzari, University of Wisconsin, Stout; Jennifer Astwood, University of Wisconsin, Stout

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

airports andtrain connections, upon arrival and departure from major travel points. Thus far, thiscollaboration has proven significantly more advantageous.Presently, a longitudinal study is being conducted to track students’ perceptions of theirexperiences. We encourage others to continue researching and applying interdisciplinarylearning within a multidisciplinary student environment. We are confident new experiences willbroaden and enrich this model, and seek to learn how to incorporate new learning into our ownexperiences. Page 22.945.13References1. Allen-Gil, S., Walker, L., Thomas, G., Shevory, T. & Elan, S. (2005). Forming a

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Technical Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shanna R. Daly, University of Michigan; Harvey Bell, University of Michigan; Brian E. Gilchrist, University of Michigan; Gail Susan Hohner, University of Michigan, College of Engineering; James Paul Holloway, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

degree programs, connecting with masters-level programs,reach for more students, and incorporating more disciplines in our programming.introductionShephard et al.’s work [4] emphasized “The central lesson that emerged from the study is theimperative of teaching for professional practice — with practice understood as the complex,creative, responsible, contextually grounded activities that define the work of engineers at its best;and professional understood to describe those who can be entrusted with responsible judgment inthe application of their expertise for the good of those they serve.” Additional reports emphasizethe need for professional practice; Duderstadt [1] claimed “… it is long past time that we rippedengineering education out of the

Conference Session

Computers and Software in Teaching Mathmatics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheri Shakiban, University of St. Thomas; Michael P. Hennessey, University of St. Thomas

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

. Page 22.1046.5Fig. 3 Step by step illustration of how the yupana is used to perform the arithmetic operation of addition, e.g. 409 + 107 (= 516), with the 4th column used as temporary memory.Nazca Lines:9-13 The Nazca lines (and geoglyphs) are giant etchings in the desert, created byremoving rocks from the sand and piling them up to create vast shapes when viewed from thesky. They were “discovered” back in the 1930’s when viewed from an airplane and researched /preserved by Dr. Paul Kosok and his assistant, German mathematician Maria Reiche, who,because of her research over subsequent decades, has become singularly famous as the Nazcaline researcher. Many theories abound as to how and why they were constructed. Some dealwith ancient

Conference Session

Architechtural Engineering Eduction: Emergent Topics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ahmed Cherif Megri, University of Wyoming

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

: The most common system used in the late 1800s and early 1900s consisted of a roof tank(s) combined with constant-speed pumps that operated by a level switch in the tank. When the level in the tank would approach a pre-determined height, the pumps would either turn on to fill the tank(s) or turn off when the tank is full (Larson, 2007). Water storage was also required for fire protection, and tanks provided for both needs. The water is distributed using gravity downfeed arrangement. b. Multiple zones: High zone tank and low zone tank: If multiple zones were required, multiple tanks were used. An air gap creates a pressure break between the upper and lower zones. The tanks must be

Conference Session

Developments in BME Pedagogy and Assessment

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert A. Linsenmeier, Northwestern University; Melvin Andrew McElrath, Marquette University; Wendy Murray, Northwestern University; Laura M. Haugh-Scheidt, Northwestern University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

who are accepting of the electronic format tend to find themodules useful. This suggests that enhancement of the electronic experience itself could allowmore students to recognize the learning benefits of this technology.References1. Howard L. Adaptive Learning Technologies for Biomedical Education. IEEE Engineering in Medicine andBiology Magazine 2003; 22:58-65.2. Howard L, Remenyi Z, Pap G. Adaptive Blended Learning Environments. 9th International Conference onEngineering Education. San Juan, PR; 2006:T3K11-T13K16.3. Bransford J, Brown A, Cocking R (eds). How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience and School Washington,DC: National Academy Press; 1999.4. Roselli RJ, Howard L, Brophy S. A computer-based Free Body Diagram Assistant. Computer

Conference Session

SPECIAL SESSION: Educational Methods and Tools to Encourage Conceptual Learning I

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nancy K. Lape, Harvey Mudd College

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering, Educational Research and Methods

guidance during formal class time 3, 4. It may be versions of PBL at theminimal-guidance extreme that led Kirschner et. al. 1 to name PBL as an example of an“instructional procedure that ignores the structures that constitute human cognitivearchitecture,” or more specifically, an instruction method that “proceed[s] with noreference to the characteristics of working memory, long-term memory, or the intricaterelations between them.” The tax on working memory during minimally guidedinstruction, Kirschner et al. argue, is great enough that students use all working memoryin their attempts to search for problem solutions, blocking their ability to truly learn thematerial via the accumulation of knowledge in long-term memory.However, as noted in Hmelo

Conference Session

SPECIAL SESSION: Educational Methods and Tools to Encourage Conceptual Learning II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University; Ronald L. Miller, Colorado School of Mines; John L. Falconer P.E., University of Colorado, Boulder; Michael J. Prince, Bucknell University; Margot A. Vigeant, Bucknell University; Stephen J. Krause, Arizona State University; David L. Silverstein, University of Kentucky

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Engineering Education. 2000. Budapest.17. Corkins, J. (2009). The Psychometric Refinement of the Materials Concept Inventory (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Arizona State University, Tempe.18. Chi, M. T. H. (2009). Active-constructive-interactive: A conceptual framework for differentiating learning activities. Topics in Cognitive Science, 1(1), 73-105.19. Efaw, J., Hampton, S., Martinez, S., and Smith, S. (2004). Miracle or menace: Teaching and learning with laptop computers in the classroom. EDUCAUSE Quarterly, 3, 10.20. Koile, K. and Singer, D. (2006). Development of a Tablet-PC-Based System to Increase Instructor-Student Classroom Interactions and Student Learning. In D. Berque, J. Prey, & R. Reed, The Impact of Tablet PCs and

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Education and Workforce Development Challenges

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sinead MacNamara, Syracuse University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Conference Session

Tablet PC use in Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

JUDITH VIRGINIA GUTIERREZ, Universidad de las Americas, Puebla; Aurelio Lopez-Malo, Universidad de las Americas, Puebla; Enrique Palou, Universidad de las Americas, Puebla

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

. Vanides (Eds.) International Society for Technology and Education. Washington DC (2011, in press).4. L. Gazca, E. Palou, A. López-Malo, and J. M. Garibay. Capturing Differences of Engineering Design Learning Environments by Means of VaNTH Observation System. Proceedings of the ASEE Annual Conference. Austin, TX (2009).5. F. Kowalski, S. Kowalski, and E. Hoover. Using InkSurvey: A Free Web-Based Tool for Open-Ended Questioning to Promote Active Learning and Real-Time Formative Assessment of Tablet PC-Equipped Engineering Students. Proceedings of the ASEE Annual Conference. Honolulu, HI (2007).6. R. Anderson, R. Anderson, L. McDowell, and B. Simon. Use of Classroom Presenter in Engineering Courses. Proceedings of the 35th ASEE

Conference Session

Innovative Instructional Strategies and Curricula in ECE I

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chen Jia, Kansas State University; Andrew G. Bennett, Kansas State University; Dong-Hai Nguyen, Kansas State University; N. Sanjay Rebello, Kansas State University; Steve Warren, Kansas State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Page 22.1409.8   Figure 4. Signals for interview problem #3.Problem #4: The parameters for fCTFS(t) (C0, Cn, and θn) are known for the three original signalsin Figure 5. If we wish to use these signals as building blocks to construct the signals in Figure 6,which signal(s) should we use? What changes in the respective fCTFS(t) parameters would beneeded to make that happen?One Acceptable Answer for Figure 6a. We choose the signal in Figure 5b to generate thesignal in Figure 6a. In this case, the signal in Figure 5b will be used twice. First, an instance ofthe signal, , can be flipped about the t axis

Conference Session

Investigating Alternative Energy Concepts

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Narayanan M. Komerath, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

“conceptresilience” (faith backed by depth of knowledge) to pick the right ideas from what such aninstructor would explain, the student usually comes back with the sage advice that “s(he) said itwon’t work”. A simple example might be illustrative. It came from sending students to ask theseemingly straightforward question: “What value of efficiency should I use as being possible, forconversion between AC line power and beamed microwave power?” To the unwary aerospaceengineer, the answer to this seems to be what one might describe as “antenna efficiency”.However, reality is far more complicated.It quickly becomes evident that beaming large amounts of power is not a popular subject inmodern textbooks. Antenna design issues generally drive quickly towards the

Conference Session

Teaching Strategies for Solid Modeling

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Derek M. Yip-Hoi, Western Washington University; Jeffrey L. Newcomer, Western Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

type exercises for instructional manuals that will use LEGO® blocks to teach modelingof basic to advanced features. Student feedback supports this effort and particularly values theability to fabricate a prototype as part of the design process.Bibliography1. Lai-Yuen, S., “Using Lego To Teach and Learn Micromanufacturing and Industrial Automation,” Proceedings of the 2008 ASEE Conference and Exposition, Pittsburgh, PA, June 2008, http://soa.asee.org/paper/conference/paper-view.cfm?id=67822. Jaksic, N., and Spencer, D., “An Introduction to Mechatronics Experiment: LEGO Mindstorms NXT Urban Challenge,” Proceedings of the 2007 ASEE Conference and Exposition, Honolulu, HI, June 2007

Conference Session

Tools of the Trade

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Douglas H. Timmer, University of Texas, Pan American; Miguel Gonzalez, University of Texas, Pan American; Connie M. Borror, Arizona State University, West

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

activities from various sources including NASA, The National Science Foundation, The Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board’s Advanced Research Program, U. S. Department of Commerce, The Texas Manufacturing Assistance Center, The U. S. Department of Education, and The U. S. Department of Labor. One of his current interests is in the area of manufacturing systems for rapid response Manufacturing. An extension of this work is the current effort that established the UTPA Rapid Response Manufacturing Center in a consortium of aca- demic institutions, economic development corporations, industry, local, state, and federal governments. This initiative is an integral component of the North American Advanced Manufacturing and

Conference Session

ETD Design II: Mechanical Engineering Technology

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Janet Braun, Western Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

somewhatand absolutely, and 5 = absolutely.Further quantitative data were gathered using a teamwork assessment tool called TheComprehensive Assessment for Team-Member Effectiveness (CATME)8 which was developedthrough support from the National Science Foundation and is available for instructional use ineducational settings at no charge. CATME is a web-based survey found at www.catme.org thatgathers data on team-member effectiveness in five areas: contribution, interaction, keeping theteam on track, expectation of quality, and relevant skills and abilities. The output provides theinstructor with each member‟s effectiveness on a behaviorally anchored rating scale of 1-5,which describes behaviors that are typical of various levels of performance in each

Conference Session

Electromechanical Capstone and Design Projects in Engineering Technology

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William C. Beston, Florence-Darlington Technical College; Elaine L. Craft, Florence-Darlington Technical College

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

/Industrial-Robotics-News/North-American-Robot-Orders-Jump-24-in-2007/content_id/4234. The Asahi Shimbun, (2004, May 25). Retrieved from http://www.asahi.com/english/5. Ho-Jeng, L. (2005, June 17). Government vows to build robot industry. JoongAng Daily. Retrieved fromhttp://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/view.asp?aid=25825386. Gaudin, S. (2007, November 13). Korea plans to build two robot theme parks. Computerworld. Retrieved fromhttp://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9046699/Korea_plans_to_build_two_robot_theme_parks7. BBC. (2005, October 7). Europe needs bigger robots push. BBC News. Retrieved fromhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/4318622.stm8. IFR Statistical Department. (2009). Executive Summary of 1. World Robotics 2009 Industrial Robots 2

Conference Session

Assessment Methods and Learning Pedagogy II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jyhwen Wang, Texas A&M University; Alex Fang, Texas A&M University; Michael Ryan Golla, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

, and lecture-lab timing is suggested.References1. Krupezak, J., Disney, K., and VanderStoep, S., “Laboratory projects appropriate for non-engineers and introduction to engineering.” 2009 Annual Conference and Exposition, 2009-603, American Society for Engineering Education.2. Sinba, A., “Engineering laboratory experiments – an integrated approach of teaching the introductory engineering course,” 2007 Annual Conference and Exposition, 2007-189, American Society for Engineering Education.3. Dekker, D., “Recent developments in mech lab I at the university of south florida,” 2007 Annual Conference and Exposition, 2007-410, American Society for Engineering Education.4. Salehpour, A., and Antoline, S., “Rapid prototyping as an

Conference Session

ELOS Best Paper Nominations

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Ridgely, California Polytechnic State University; Brian P. Self, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

, students were guided toward designing load cell transducers configured ascircular aluminum rings because aluminum rings of various sizes were readily and inexpensivelyavailable from the department machine shop. Some student teams whose members had machineshop experience chose to design and fabricate transducers of other types, such as a C-shapedtransducer which had multiple attachment points to allow its range to be adjusted and an S-shaped transducer which was similar to some commercial designs.The load cell transducers designed by the students must transform externally applied forces intoa measurable voltage. Such transducers consist of a structural frame with several strain gaugesattached. In a common embodiment, shown in Figure 1 below, the