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in their paper that portions of variance inacademic performance can be explained through different measures of effort and motivation onthe part of the student. They, further, state that these measures are true regardless ofsocioeconomic differences in the students’ backgrounds.[15] Marshall Geiger and Elizabeth Cooper,[16] tried to explain how expectancy theory andneeds theory variables could be used to predict student performance in college based on theirgrade point average.[16] Expectancy Theory as developed by Vroom[45] is defined as the“motivation to act is a combination of the perceived attractiveness of future outcomes and thelikelihood one’s actions will lead to these outcomes” and needs theory is defined as “individualmoated