Asee peer logo

Bridging Educational Equity Gaps: A Systematic Review of AI-Driven and New Technologies for Students Living with Disabilities in STEM Education

Download Paper |

Conference

2025 Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity (CoNECD)

Location

San Antonio, Texas

Publication Date

February 9, 2025

Start Date

February 9, 2025

End Date

February 11, 2025

Conference Session

Track 3: Technical Session 1: Bridging Educational Equity Gaps: A Systematic Review of AI-Driven Tools for Students Living with Disabilities in Engineering and STEM Education

Tagged Topics

Diversity and 2025 CoNECD Paper Submissions

Page Count

21

Permanent URL

https://peer.asee.org/54075

Download Count

9

Paper Authors

biography

Kevin Zhongyang Shao University of Washington

visit author page

Zhongyang (Kevin) Shao is currently a first-year Ph.D. student in Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) at the University of Washington, Seattle (UW). His research focuses on human-computer interaction and STEM education, particularly in developing user-centered, inclusive, and responsible AI technologies to enhance the accessibility and personalize learning for post-secondary STEM students. His current work harnesses AI and NLP to design accessible educational tools for underrepresented college STEM students. He holds his Bachelor’s and Master’s degree in ECE from The Ohio State University and UW, respectively.

visit author page

biography

Denise Wilson University of Washington Orcid 16x16 orcid.org/0000-0002-2367-8602

visit author page

Denise Wilson is a professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Washington, Seattle. Her research interests in engineering education focus on the role of self-efficacy, belonging, and other non-cognitive aspects on the student experience. Her research interests and publication record are split among workforce, engineering education, and sensors research. She is committed to supporting progress toward gender parity in engineering and enabling equitable conditions for all engineers in the workforce and as well as for engineering students throughout all phases of their education.

visit author page

biography

Eric Kyeong-Min Cho University of Washington

visit author page

Kyeong-Min (Eric) Cho is a third-year undergraduate student at the University of Washington, Seattle. He is pursuing his Bachelor's degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering with a focus on embedded systems. His research interests include human-computer interaction, engineering education, and robotics applications.

visit author page

biography

Sophia Tang University of Washington

visit author page

Sophia Tang is an undergraduate student pursuing a degree in Human-Centered Design and Engineering (HCDE) at the University of Washington. Her areas of interest include in Human-Computer Interaction, User-Centered Design, Inclusive Design, and Accessibility.

visit author page

biography

Hanlin Ma University of Washington

visit author page

Hanlin Ma is currently a junior undergraduate student in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Washington, Seattle. His research interests include neural engineering and computers, embedded systems, and human-computer interaction.

visit author page

biography

Sep Makhsous University of Washington Orcid 16x16 orcid.org/0000-0002-3618-9736

visit author page

Sep Makhsous is an Assistant Teaching Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Washington and the Director of the ARC Lab (Autonomy, Robotics, and Collaboration). His work focuses on engineering education, with an emphasis on hands-on, interactive learning methods that bridge the gap between theory and practice. Sep’s research explores inclusive robotics education, developing culturally-aware human-robot interfaces and tools to support students with disabilities, ensuring accessibility and equity in STEM fields.

In addition to his educational research, Sep collaborates with NASA, JCATI, and the Air Force on motor controller development for hybrid-electric aviation and integrates these industry-driven challenges into his teaching. He brings experience from the NSF I-Corps program and successful startup ventures, helping students connect classroom learning to real-world applications.

Through the ARC Lab, Sep focuses on advancing robotics education, fostering an inclusive approach to technology development, and preparing students to engage with emerging challenges in robotics and autonomy.

visit author page

Download Paper |

Abstract

The underrepresentation of Students Living with Disabilities (SLWD) in engineering highlights a critical educational diversity gap, necessitating fundamental changes within engineering education to attract, support, and retain these students. Current research underscores the effectiveness of personalized learning strategies, which consistently lead to improved learning outcomes and increased student engagement for SLWD populations. However, the layered complexities of race, ethnicity, gender, socio-economic status, and cultural backgrounds, which intersect with disabilities, make it essential to adopt a comprehensive solution that not only addresses accessibility but also embraces the full spectrum of student diversity to truly close the equity gap. Artificial intelligence (AI) holds transformative potential in bridging these gaps by augmenting learning accessibility and providing personalized support. This study conducted a systematic literature review of thirteen articles to explore existing AI-driven and new technologies in STEM education for SLWD. The review identified several benefits of AI-driven and new technologies for SLWD, including enhanced engagement, accessibility, personalized learning, progress tracking, skill development, deeper understanding, and increased confidence. However, existing tools for SLWD also reveal significant challenges, including accessibility and technological limitations, customization constraints, practical and applicability barriers, and educational inefficacy. This review analyzed proposed solutions to these challenges in technological advancements, user-centric design, and methods for evaluation and validation. The insights from this review will inform a proposed participatory design study aimed to amplify the marginalized voices of SLWD by addressing their specific academic and intersectional needs. This approach will take a step towards an equitable learning environment, setting a new paradigm in personalized, diverse, and inclusive engineering education through AI technology.

Shao, K. Z., & Wilson, D., & Cho, E. K., & Tang, S., & Ma, H., & Makhsous, S. (2025, February), Bridging Educational Equity Gaps: A Systematic Review of AI-Driven and New Technologies for Students Living with Disabilities in STEM Education Paper presented at 2025 Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity (CoNECD), San Antonio, Texas. https://peer.asee.org/54075

ASEE holds the copyright on this document. It may be read by the public free of charge. Authors may archive their work on personal websites or in institutional repositories with the following citation: © 2025 American Society for Engineering Education. Other scholars may excerpt or quote from these materials with the same citation. When excerpting or quoting from Conference Proceedings, authors should, in addition to noting the ASEE copyright, list all the original authors and their institutions and name the host city of the conference. - Last updated April 1, 2015