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Self Powered Wireless Camera System Design Abstract

Energy harvesting is described as the conversion of ambient energy into usable electrical energy. When compared with energy stored in common storage elements, such as batteries, capacitors and the like, the environment represents a relatively infinite source of available energy. Conventional electrochemical batteries power most of the portable and wireless electronic devices that are energized with electric power. In the past few years, electrochemical batteries and energy storage devices have improved significantly. However, this progress has not been able to keep up with the development of microprocessors, memory storage, and sensors of electronic applications. Battery weight, lifespan and reliability often limit the abilities and the range of such applications of battery powered devices. These conventional devices were designed to be powered with batteries as required, but did not allow scavenging of ambient energy as a power source. In contrast, development in wireless technology and other electronic components are constantly reducing the power and energy needed by many applications. If energy requirements of electronic components decline reasonably, then ambient energy scavenging and conversion could become a viable source of power for many applications. Ambient energy sources can be then considered and used to replace batteries in some electronic applications, to minimize product maintenance and operating cost. The potential ability to satisfy overall power and energy requirements of an application using ambient energy can eliminate some constraints related to conventional power supplies. Also power scavenging may enable electronic devices to be completely self-sustained so that battery maintenance can eventually be eliminated. Furthermore, ambient energy scavenging could extend the performance and the lifetime of the MEMS (Micro electromechanical systems) and portable electronic devices. These possibilities show that it is necessary to investigate the effectiveness of ambient energy as a source of power.

This research studied the waste mechanical energy from hydraulic door closers and its conversion and storage into electrical energy. The converted and stored energy powers a wireless camera to surveillance around the door during the specified time period. Human presence around the door (to open/close the door) is required to activate the hydraulic door closer to charge the storage device. Based on ambient energy source, electrical energy conversion and storage circuit was designed and tested for low power camera system.

The hydraulic door closer as an ambient energy source and typical camera components were investigated according to their power generation and consumption to make analytical comparisons. The steps of investigation of hydraulic door closer, door opening/closing phases, selection of a viable storage device, and camera integration have been conducted by senior electronics major students. Each student spent approximately 8 hours in the Electronics lab in the ___________ Building at ________ State University. Progress meetings were scheduled every Wednesday to discuss issues and problems that encountered during research with course instructor. Some of the students spent their own money to purchase parts to help the project. The devices in the Electronics lab used for this experimental research project. Also, students were provided easy access to the lab any time during the day.

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Yildiz, F. (2009, June), Self Powered Wireless Camera System Design Paper presented at 2009 Annual Conference & Exposition, Austin, Texas. 10.18260/1-2--5168