Conference Session

Women & New Faculty Development

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan Miertschin, University of Houston; Carole Goodson, University of Houston; Luces Faulkenberry, University of Houston; Barbara Stewart, University of Houston

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

skill and knowledge, S Satisfactory/Functional skills and knowledge, B Basic skills andknowledge, or N No skills or knowledge. In fact, the new scale is more successful in producingdifferentiated responses. Administering the survey each spring, with the assistance of the faculty Page 11.1166.6in senior level courses, ensures a good return rate.The ACI reviewed the instrument of this example relative to the criteria proposed by theNCHEMS. They determined that it satisfied at least two of the criteria that support use of selfreports of academic development. The outcomes measured by the instrument are broad basedoutcomes and the measures represent

Conference Session

What's New in Mechanics of Materials?

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Hennessey, University of St. Thomas; Luke Hacker, University of St. Thomas

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

. Page 11.502.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2006 Dynamic 3D Visualization of Stress TensorsAbstractSophomore and junior engineering students in majors such as mechanical, aerospace, civil, andmaterials engineering learn about the concept of the “state-of-stress” at a point within an object.Many engineering students have some difficulty in thoroughly grasping this concept, especiallythe more mathematical and visual aspects. To date, the best method we have for visualizing thestate-of-stress has been to use Mohr’s circle(s), named after the famous 19th century Germancivil engineer, Christian Otto Mohr. Mohr’s circle applies to the case where rotations of adifferential cube about a principal direction (only) are

Conference Session

A Serving Profession: Service Learning in Civil Engineering Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathan Gartner, University of Massachusetts-Lowell; John TIng, University of Massachusetts-Lowell; Oguz Gunes, University of Massachusetts-Lowell; Xiaoqi Zhang, University of Massachusetts-Lowell

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Page 11.1358.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2006 Undergraduate Curriculum Reform in Civil Engineering by Integrating Service-Learning ProjectsAbstractAt the University of Massachusetts Lowell (UML), the goal in the Francis College ofEngineering (CoE) is to integrate service-learning into a broad array of courses so that studentswill be exposed to service-learning every semester in the core curriculum in every program in theentire CoE, an initiative supported by NSF through the Department Level Reform Program. Thispaper presents the strategy in the Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering (CEE) ofidentifying and implementing S-L projects as a first step towards undergraduate

Conference Session

Use of Technology in Teaching Mathematics

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arthur Snider, University of South Florida; Sami Kadamani, Hillsborough Community College

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

( x, 0 ) = 0, ( x, Y ) = f y =Y ( x, t ) ∂y ∂yWith Fint erior ( x, y; s ) and Fy =Y ( x; s ) denoting the Laplace transforms of f int erior ( x, y, t ) and f y =Y ( x, t ) , respectively, USFKAD expresses the Laplace-transformed solution asΨ = Ψ1 + Ψ 2Ψ1 = ∑ κ sin κ x x cosh κ x2 + sy A ( s; κ x ) x Page 11.188.7 π 2π 3πwith κx = , , ,... X X X 2A ( s; κ x ) = ∫ 0X dx sin κ x x M

Conference Session

Women Faculty Issues and NSF's ADVANCE program

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheryl Schrader, Boise State University; Janet Callahan; Amy Moll, Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

developed that willcontinue to fuel this growth? Science and engineering (S&E) enrollments have remainedrelatively stagnant for the past 20 years. If this trend continues, what will happen to theeconomy? The authors recognize the need to increase overall enrollments in S&E fields, and theopportunity to increase enrollments by attracting and retaining students from underrepresenteddemographic population groups. Women represent over half the nation’s population and nearlyhalf of the undergraduate enrollment, yet are dramatically underrepresented in the technical andacademic community. Increasing participation of underrepresented groups in S&E will not onlyincrease the available technical workforce, but will also interject ideas and

Conference Session

Improving the Mathematical Preparation of Students

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elton Graves, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

school with advanced placement credits in mathematics to take additional mathematicscourses beyond the courses required for their major.Creating courses and tracts of interestOver the past few years the Rose-Hulman Mathematics Department has made several changes toencourage students to take upper level mathematics courses. One of the major changes was tochange the courses required to get a degree in mathematics. Until the late 1900’s Rose had onlyone tract for a degree or major in mathematics. We have now split this into four different tracts.Our first tract is for the traditional mathematics major who wants to go to graduate school andearn and masters degree or doctorate in mathematics. This tract is not a tract that would interestmost

Conference Session

Assessing Design Coursework

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Trevisan, Washington State University; Denny Davis, Washington State University; Steven Beyerlein, University of Idaho; Phillip Thompson, Seattle University; Olakunle Harrison, Tuskegee University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

., Magleby, S. P, Sorensen, C. D., Swan, B. R., & Anthony, A. R. (1995). A survey of capstone engineering courses in North America. Journal of Engineering Education, 165-174. 2. McKenzie, L., Trevisan, M., Davis, D., & Beyerlein, S. (2004). Capstone design courses and assessment: A national study. Paper presented at the American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference. 3. National Research Council. (2001). Knowing what students know: The science and design of educational assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 4. Campbell, S., & Colbeck, C. L. (1997). Teaching and assessing engineering design: A review of the research. Paper presented at the American Society for

Conference Session

Improving ME instructional laboratories

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jed Lyons, University of South Carolina

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

determined how piston displacement depends on crankangle in a single-cylinder internal combustion engine and compared their results to a theoreticalequation. A schematic of a piston, connecting rod and crank is shown in Figure 2. Assumingthat the crank and connecting rod have perfect pin connections, it can be shown by trigonometrythat the distance between the crank axis and the piston pin axis (s) is given by s = a cos + (L2 – a2 sin2 )1/2 (1)when the connecting rod length (L) and the crank radius (a) are known. These values, and thedistance from the piston pin axis to the top of the piston (x), are measured by the laboratoryinstructor and given to the students before lab. Figure 2

Conference Session

Collaborative & New Efforts in Engineering Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joao Vinhas, Politecnico de Viseu; Joao Paiva, Politecnico de Viseu

Tagged Divisions

International

shown in the following table as afunction of time. Page 11.667.7Table 1. Particle experimental values of position versus time for Example 1. Time t (s) Position s (m) 0 2 1 5 2 9 3 5 4 -1Students are supposed to calculate the scalar displacement between the instants t = 1 s and t= 4 s. Students who try to solve this very

Conference Session

Integrating Math, Science, & Engineering

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen Pennell, University of Massachusetts-Lowell; Peter Avitabile, University of Massachusetts-Lowell; John White, University of Massachusetts-Lowell

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

. Taking thetransform of both sides of equation (2) and solving for the transform of x(t), we obtain X ( s ) = W ( s ) F ( s ) + W ( s )  mx′ ( 0 ) + ( ms + c ) x ( 0 )  (3)Here X(s) denotes the transform of the response x(t), F(s) denotes the transform of the input f(t), 1and W ( s ) = 2 denotes the so-called transfer function. Clearly, W(s) depends only on ms + cs + kthe system parameters, F(s) depends only on the input, and the term in brackets depends on thesystem parameters and the initial state of the system. Thus, the representation of the systemresponse given by equation (3) makes it easy to distinguish between the effects of systemparameters, input, and initial

Conference Session

Innovative Teaching Methods

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Bergendahl, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

. Fromabsorbance data, students can evaluate the effectiveness of removal of the contaminant underpredetermined conditions (i.e. contaminant concentration, water superficial velocity).The procedure for running the experiment is: (a) open a browser to the server’s IP address; (b)download the “Labview” runtime (automatically prompted for download and installed if it is notalready installed on the user’s computer); (c) rinse the contaminant from the media with a diluteacid solution (~10% HCl) for about 30 s by pushing the “acid rinse” pump toggle switch toinitiate the acid rinse, and pushing it again to stop; (d) flush the acid from the media by flowingclean rinse water (purified water) through the column for 2 min by using the “rinse water” pumptoggle

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Balmer, Union College; Lance Spallholz, Union College

. Jargon Thermodynamic Meaning Term Adiabatic No heat transfer, Q = 0 Aergonic No work transport,iii W = 0 Isothermal Constant temperature, T = constant Isochoric Constant volume, V = constant Isobaric Constant pressure, p = constant Isenthalpic Constant enthalpy, h = constant Isentropic Constant entropy, s = constant Polytropic Many processes, or pvk = constant Enthalpy Internal energy plus the pressure

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Jeschke, Technische Universitat Berlin; Sabina Jeschke, Technische Universitat Berlin, Inst. f. Mathematik; Olivier Pfeiffer, Technische Universitat Berlin; Rudolf Reinhard, Technische Universitat Berlin; Thomas Richter, Technische Universitat Berlin

history plus the Laplace Algorithm exercise.The optimization problem is now finding a node el ∈ F(ek ) such that the probability of passing Page 11.349.7the exam successfully is maximal for the given audience U . If we model the event of passing theexam as a random event S, we therefore need to maximize P(S|U ∩ Φl ): we need to maximize theprobability for S under the condition that the user is part of audience U and has visited the coursenodes in Φ followed by node el . Using Bayes’ formula12 , one finds P(Φl |U ∩ S)P(U ∩ S) maxargl P(S|Φl ∩U ) = maxargl

Conference Session

Approaches to Emerging Topics

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Craig, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

professional is based onobserving and understanding common behaviors and activities and seeing ourselvesactually creating work within those patterns.Perhaps the rhetorical challenge for an engineering student in a design course comes intwo parts. Assuming that s/he can reach the point of assembling rational design choices,s/he then must understand the quantitative (and perhaps qualitative) criteria in order tomake a final design choice. The first part of the challenge may be assembling theevidence for this choice and being able to argue for it. But the second and less easilydiscerned challenge is knowing which methods of proof are valid and which may not bequite as persuasive. “Claims are seen to be grounded through the process of argument---relating

Conference Session

Biology in Engineering

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kurt Rosentrater, USDA-ARS; Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan

Tagged Divisions

Biological & Agricultural

finished products. The biorefineryconcept is gaining popularity as a model that will maximize the value of biomass resources in the Page 11.278.3U. S. Biorefineries will revolutionize the utilization of the nation’s vast renewable supply of Figure 1. Major concepts associated with biorefineries. Page 11.278.4Figure 2. Major processes and material flows for an example biorefinery.biomass resources. Biorefineries provide two main advantages to production: they will increasethe productive utilization of feedstocks and increase returns to scale as additional products

Conference Session

Course-based Approaches to Entrepreneurship Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anthony Joseph, Pace University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

, entrepreneurship,and project management instruction once per week. Moreover, computer science studentsreceived introductory instruction in finance and project management in their additional classhour. The teaching was supported by nine mentors/advisors from computer-related and financeindustries that facilitated the entrepreneurial component of the course. These mentors/advisorssometimes served as guest lecturers. The 28 students (twenty-six were registered) in the coursewere grouped into seven E-teams labeled E-team #’s 1-7. Five of the E-teams (E-team #’s 1-5)were deliberately designed by the professors within the first two weeks of the semester usingstudent information obtained from a professor designed questionnaire and a multipleintelligences

Conference Session

ECET Curriculum

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Stanley, Old Dominion University; Richard Jones, Old Dominion University; John Hackworth, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

2006-1171: INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY AND AVOIDING CIRCUITSIMULATION ERRORS IN MULTISIMJohn Hackworth, Old Dominion University John R. Hackworth is Program Director for the Electrical Engineering Technology program at Old Dominion University. He holds a B. S. Degree in Electrical Engineering Technology and a Master of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering, both from Old Dominion University. Prior to joining the Old Dominion University faculty, John had approximately 20 years of industrial experience in test engineering and plant automation. He is the principal co-author of the text Programmable Logic Controllers: Programming Methods and Applications, published by Prentice-Hall.Richard Jones

Conference Session

International Case Studies, Collaborations and Interactions

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Roli Varma, University of New Mexico

Tagged Divisions

International

challenges do managers/administrators face in placing Asian Indian scientistsand engineers in decision-making roles within their organizations? Other aspects of the study arereported in the book titled Harbingers of Global Change: India’s Techno-Immigrants in theUnited States, scheduled for printing at the end of March, 2006.15Asian Indians were selected for the study for two primary reasons. First, they are increasinglypresent in the science and engineering (S&E) workforce of the United States. In 1999, out of 1.5 Page 11.317.2million foreign-born S&E degree-holders in the United States, 14% were from India, followedby 10% from China, and 5

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohan Krishnan, University of Detroit Mercy; Shuvra Das, University of Detroit Mercy; Sandra Yost, University of Detroit Mercy; Kathleen Zimmerman-Oster, University of Detroit Mercy

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

, S. Das, S. A. Yost, ”Team-Oriented, Project-Based Instruction in a New Mechatronics Course,” Proceedings of the IEEE/ASEE Frontiers in Education Conference, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Nov. 1999, pp. 13d4/1-13d4/6.2. S. Das, S. A. Yost, M. Krishnan, ”Effective Use of Web-Based Communication Tools in a Team -Oriented, Project-Based, Multidisciplinary Course,” Proceedings of the IEEE/ASEE Frontiers in Education Conference, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Nov. 1999, pp.13a2/14-13a2/17.3. S. A. Yost, M. Krishnan, S. Das, “Mechatronics: A Comprehensive, Interdisciplinary Curriculum Development Initiative,” Proceedings of the IEEE/ASEE Frontiers in Education Conference, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Nov. 1999, pp. 13a1/1-13a1/1.4. L

Conference Session

Engineering Education & Capacity Building in Developing Countries

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ali Mehrabian, University of Central Florida; Walter Buchanan, Texas A&M University; Alireza Rahrooh, University of Central Florida

Tagged Divisions

International

, plot the unit step response of thesystem for any point selected on the root locus, and turn on/off the grid. The system must berepresented by the transfer function in the following form:Y(s) ams m + am-1 sm -1 ... + a1s + a0s—— = ————————————U(s) bnsn + bn-1s n-1 + ... + b1s + b0s:The options in Design module allow the user to select any desired value for the gain, time andfrequency parameters of the system to see how the closed—loop poles will be affected.The time-domain design parameters that can be changed are rise time, delay time, time constant,settling time, maximum overshoot, peak time, damping factor, natural undamped frequency, anddamped frequency. The frequency-domain design parameters that are included in the programand can be

Conference Session

ChE: Curriculum Reform & Assessment

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeffrey Froyd; Jean Layne, Texas A&M University; Lale Yurttas, Texas A&M University; David Ford, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

futurecurriculum renewal projectsAcknowledgementThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.EEC-0530638. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in thismaterial are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NationalScience Foundation.Bibliography1. Thompson, T., Flick, L, Gummer, E., and Fiez, T. (2004). Enhancing Campus Collaborations Through Design Research in Engineering Education Reform. Proceedings, ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Retrieved from http://www.asee.org/acPapers/code/getPaper.cfm?paperID=7942, 6 December 20052. Fisher, P. D., Fairweather, J. S., and Amey, M. (2001). Systemic Reform in Undergraduate Engineering

Conference Session

ChE: Innovation to Improve Student Learning

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

C. Stewart Slater, Rowan University; Mariano Savelski, Rowan University; Robert Hesketh, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

. • Develop and apply engineering solutions, while being cognizant of local geography, aspirations and cultures. • Create engineering solutions beyond current or dominant technologies; improve, innovate and invent (technologies) to achieve sustainability. • Actively engage communities and stakeholders in development of engineering solutions.Educational Approach The traditional and probably most common method of introducing aspects of greenengineering has been through a senior and graduate level elective course on environmentalengineering, with an emphasis on process treatment. Courses were developed that focus onmethods to minimize or prevent waste streams from existing chemical plants in the 1990’s. Theeducational

Conference Session

Faculty Reward System Reform Duplicate Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dennis Depew, Purdue University; Niaz Latif, Purdue University; Gary Bertoline, Purdue University; Donald Keating, University of South Carolina; Thomas Stanford, University of South Carolina; Stephen Tricamo, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Duane Dunlap, Western Carolina University; Albert McHenry, Arizona State University; Harvey Palmer, Rochester Institute of Technology; Eugene DeLoatch, Morgan State University; Ronald Bennett, University of St. Thomas; Mohammad Noori, California State Polytechnic University; Jay Snellenberger, Rolls-Royce; Samuel Truesdale, Rolls-Royce

universities.Whereas the nation has developed an excellent system of graduate education for basic researchduring the 1960’s, 70’s, 80’s, and 90’s, it has not placed an equal emphasis on professionallyoriented graduate education to continue the professional development of our nation’s engineeringgraduates who enter engineering practice in industry. As a consequence, America’s primaryengineering resource for creative technological development and innovation in industry has notbeen fully developed to its potential during the last three decades.If we are to develop professionally oriented curriculum that is more aligned to the needs of theU.S. engineering workforce in industry, in order to ensure the nation’s competitiveness forworld-class technology development

Conference Session

Computed Simulation and Animation

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ramiro Bravo, Tri-State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

information is provided: • All pipe sizes and materials • Flow rates coming in or out at points A and B, as shown in the figure Qa = 4 ft3/s A 2 C Q2 Q1 Q3 1 3 B Qb=1 ft3/s Page 11.1386.2 Figure 1. Analysis of a Simple NetworkThe problem has three unknowns, and to solve for them, three independent equations are

Conference Session

Curriculum Development and Applications

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jana Whittington, Purdue University-Calumet; Kim Nankivell, Purdue University-Calumet; Joy Colwell, Purdue University-Calumet; James Higley, Purdue University-Calumet

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

193 175 150 132 125 112 S tu d e n ts 100 75 63 50 47 25 12 0 00 01 02 03 04 05 20

Conference Session

Computers in Education Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shahnam Navaee, Georgia Southern University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

-sketched drawings. Theinstructor can use these tools effectively to generate and discuss the correct solutions for theassigned exercises to better guide the students in developing solutions for other problems. Thisapproach to teaching an Engineering Graphics course can be used along-side other traditionalinstructional techniques to further enhance the students’ performance in the course. Page 11.583.10Bibliography1. Navaee, S., “Use of WebCT in Delivering Instructions in Engineering,” Proceedings of the ASEE Annual Conference, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 2001.2. Navaee, S., Das, N.K., “Utilization of MATLAB in Structural Analysis,” Proceedings of the

Conference Session

Revitalizing Cooperative Education and Engineering

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Debbie Gulick, Georgia Institute of Technology; Debbie Pearson, Georgia Institute of Technology; Gayle Elliott, University of Cincinnati; Jennifer Oliver, IAESTE United States; Karl Zimmer, General Cable

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

criteria are deemed a necessary aspect in educating the “Engineer of 2020.”2Our interdependent global society requires engineering skills to address issues related to health,security, and the environment, as well as international commerce.3As a major RAND research study concluded in the 1990’s, both universities and corporationsnow believe that students must understand the global nature of economics, speak otherlanguages, and be able to assess decisions in more than one culture. The research resultssuggested that universities must do more than “tinker with the edges of the curriculum.” Acomprehensive approach is needed, and relevant work experiences should be a primecomponent.4Work abroad experiences allow students to prepare for the global

Conference Session

Design Projects

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hansen Lukman, Bucknell University; Steven Shooter, Bucknell University; Fabrice Alizon, Bucknell University; Asli Sahin, Virginia Tech; Robert Stone, University of Missouri-Rolla; Janis Terpenny, Virginia Tech; Timothy Simpson, Pennsylvania State University; Soundar Kumara, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

: Building Value and Cost Leadership, Free Press, New York, NY, 1997.2. Sanderson, S. W. and Uzumeri, M., Managing Product Families, Irwin, Chicago, IL, 1997.3. Bremmer, R., "Cutting-Edge Platforms," Financial Times Automotive World, June 1999, pp. 30-38.4. Simpson, T. W., "Product Platform Design and Customization: Status and Promise," Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, Vol. 18, No. 1, 2004, pp. 3-20.5. Shooter, S. B., Simpson, T. W., Kumara, S. R. T., Stone, R. B. and Terpenny, J. P., "Toward an Information Management Infrastructure for Product Family Planning and Platform Customization," ASME Design Engineering Technical Conferences - Design Automation Conference (Chen, W

Conference Session

Global Engineering in an Interconnected World

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kurt Rosentrater, USDA-ARS; Radha Balamuralikrishna, Northern Illinois University

Tagged Divisions

International

. Some of these include engineering and design,production and operations, research and development, quality management and improvement,information technology, marketing and sales, management, human resources, and evenworkplace safety and health. Thus, bio-based industries are very germane to engineering andtechnology disciplines. Bio-based operations require skill sets similar to traditionalmanufacturing settings, but also have a need for additional knowledge in biological sciences,which can vary according to the specific product(s) produced at a given facility (i.e., energy,fuels, chemical, or products). For example, equipment, processes, and unit operations must bedesigned; these systems must be optimized, modeled, and simulated; and

Conference Session

Outreach and Recruitment

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rafic Bachnak, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi; Korinne Caruso, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi; Jack Esparza, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi; Marc Mendez, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

evaluate the field trips. Results ofquestion 4 are shown in Figure 2. FU SE - Sum m er 2004 F IE L D T R IP E V A L U A T IO N F O R M F ie ld T r ip t o :_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ D a te: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1. T h e m o s t im p o r ta n t th in g I le a r n e d fr o m p a r tic ip a tin g in th is fie ld tr ip w a s :_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2. T h is fie ld tr ip c a n b e im p r o v e d if_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3. D id th is fie ld tr