Conference Session

Pedagogical Issues in Manufacturing Education

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jitendra Tate, Texas State University-San Marcos; Vedraman Sriraman, Texas State University-San Marcos

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

helped others as well. They wereasked to write paper in their own words and refrain from cut-copy-paste. They were urged tomention each and every reference, which is part of professional ethics. They were advised to useample visual information (pictures, figures, tables, and charts) in the PowerPoint presentation. Itwas expected that each student would talk about 10 minutes. Students were advised to prepare atleast 15 slides.Research Paper – Second Progress ReportAs a second progress report students were asked to bring one page abstract, introduction,conclusions in bulleted form, and references. It is observed that students were more inclined to writein detail about manufacturing processes but were applying fewer efforts in

Conference Session

Trends in Construction Engineering Education I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Soller, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis; Erdogan Sener, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Construction

needfor and possess the ability to pursue lifelong learning, and 5) understand professional ethical andsocial responsibilities [7]. For their semester project, students work in self-selected teams using different sets of Page 12.896.3actual project plans to develop a “project action plan.” They are assessed on this at the end of thesemester through the use of a final presentation to a panel of judges from the industry. Thestudents also complete individual assignments each of which provides support documentation forthe final presentation at the end of the semester. This paper describes the assessment methodsimplemented in the course and the

Conference Session

Professional Graduate Education & Industry

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Schuver, Purdue University; Mark Smith, Rochester Institute of Technology; Duane Dunlap, Western Carolina University; Donald Keating, University of South Carolina; Thomas Stanford, University of South Carolina; Joseph Tidwell, Boeing Co.

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

supportive learning environment: ethic of cooperative support between participants, faculty, and administration; strengthened by social gatherings and informal discussions outside the classroom; a trusting environment for students to challenge and consider alternative perspectives, and engage in new learning activities. • Immersion-type experiences for students (and faculty) to work closely and build camaraderie and provide a forum to develop cohort groups, nurtured by an environment of continual interaction (classroom, lunch discussions, intensive team-based projects, external organized activities such as business trips). • Committed students with diverse backgrounds and experiences. Listening to and

Conference Session

Mentoring Graduate Students

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ronald Kane, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Clarisa Gonzalez-Lenahan, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Michael Kerley, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Jerome Paris, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Janet Bodner, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Ronald Rockland, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

Learning Assistance Program at NJIT. She is active, and a former Board Member, in the Hispanic Association for Higher Education (HAHE) and has presented at previous ASEE meetings.Michael Kerley, New Jersey Institute of Technology Dr. Michael Kerley has been a professor at NJIT for the past eleven years. He currently is Coordinator of The Teaching Assistant Instructional Program (primarily for International students), and also teaches Engineering Ethics, Technical Writing, Oral Presentations each semester. Dr. Kerley’s background is in Theatre and Media Education, having his Masters Degree in Theatre Directing from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and his doctorate in

Conference Session

EMD Curriculum Design

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stuart Kellogg, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

, no. 1, January 2005.[15] Herrmann, N., The Creative Brain, The Ned Herrmann Group: Brain Books, 1995.[16] Lumsdaine, E. and M. Lumsdaine, Creative Problem Solving: Thinking Skills for a Changing World, 2nd ed., 1993.[17] Perry, W. G., Jr., Forms of Intellectual and Ethical Development in the College Years, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc., New York, 1970.[18] Daloz, L.A., Mentor: Guiding the Journey of Adult Learners, Josey-Bass, 1999.[19] Riggs, B., Poli, C., and B. Woolf, “A Multimedia Application for Teaching Design of Manufacturing,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 87 no. 1, 63-70, January 1998

Conference Session

Computer Engineering Technology Curriculum

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pedro Leite, Kansas State University-Salina; Beverlee Kissick, Kansas State University-Salina

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

social issues surrounding the useof information and accesses and use information ethically and legally.The need for improved teaching of information literacy skills has been well-documented in thelast two decades. Typical of many studies, Seamans’5 survey of First-Year students shows thattheir strategies for locating information are underdeveloped. Undergraduates tend to performresearch not as exploration, but to garner support for a predetermined viewpoint. The studentssurveyed used one keyword when given an information-retrieval task, and used no Booleans,expressing reservations about their use as an unfamiliar concept. The survey also found thatstudents do not see libraries and library personnel as part of information seeking.Lecki and

Conference Session

New Trends in Energy Curriculum

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kendrick Aung, Lamar University

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

, science and engineering (c) an ability to design a system, component or process to meet desired needs (e) an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility (h) a recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage in life-long learning (m) an ability to use statistics and linear algebra (n) an ability to work professionally in both thermal and mechanical systems areas including the design and realization of such systems Page 12.462.7 (o) an ability to work effectively as team members in mechanical engineering projectsEven though there are seven outcomes given above, outcomes (c) and (n) are the major outcomesrequired

Conference Session

Outstanding Contributions to ME

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hakan Gurocak, Washington State University-Vancouver

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

, environmental, social, political, manufacturability, health and safety, ethical, and sustainability) in realizing systems. C-4. Can build prototypes that meet design specifications.We have a total of 38 such Performance Criteria for the 11 program outcomes. After manymeetings, the faculty finalized a map of Performance Criteria versus courses in the curriculum.This map is the guide for how each course must be designed so that the entire curriculum candemonstrate meeting these criteria, hence the “a” through “k” ABET program outcomes.Once specific performance criteria are assigned to a course, such as the Mech 405, these criteriaare interpreted in the context of that course to generate the course outcomes. The

Conference Session

Freshman Design and Other Novel Programs

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul King, Vanderbilt University; Mark Richter, MaxMobility

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

yearly include Engineering Ethics, Electrocardiogram Capture and Analysis,Engineering Scuba Diving, Moore’s Law and Engineering Economics, and the like. Moststudents (52%) opt to take a module.Co-Author Richter has sponsored and supervised several senior design (and other) projects forthree years prior to this academic year. His projects, due to his career, were all related torehabilitation engineering. His expertise in this area gave rise to the consideration of either afull semester upper level course in rehabilitation engineering or the development of a freshmanmodule in the area. An administrative decision resulted in the request for an introductorymodule in rehabilitation engineering. As the design course was taught by co-author King, it

Conference Session

Professional Development and Scholarship

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patricia Fox, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis; Stephen Hundley, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis; James Johnson, Indiana University; H. Oner Yurtseven, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

AC 2007-181: ATTRACTING, RETAINING, AND ENGAGING FACULTY ?TRENDS IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGYPatricia Fox, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis Pat Fox is Associate Dean in the Purdue School of Engineering and Technology at IUPUI. She is the school’s chief fiscal officer, and teaches courses in ethical decision-making. Pat is also co-director of the school’s international, interdisciplinary teaching and research initiative, GO GREEN, which emphasizes sustainable development. With H. Oner Yurtseven, she conducts annual ASEE-sponsored salary surveys on engineering and technology faculty compensation. Pat has been active in numerous leadership positions within ASEE.Stephen

Conference Session

Design of Lab Experiments I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Atin Sinha, Albany State University

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

introduce students to the engineering careeropportunity, course requirements, survival skills, team work, communications, ethical practices,and sometimes brief exposure to CAD and computer programming. In ASU because of existenceof separate freshman level courses on Engineering Graphics and Engineering Computing whichpreceded the Principles of Engineering Analysis and Design course, those topics were notincluded. However, ASU course was designed to reinforce concepts learned in Algebra andTrigonometry as well as basic topics in differentiation, integrations, linear algebra, complexvariables with application oriented problem solving. Also included are the fundamentals ofStatics, Electric Circuits, thermodynamics and engineering economics. Field

Conference Session

Improving ME Education: Trends in Mechanical Engineering II

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Laila Guessous, Oakland University; Qian Zou, Oakland University; Brian Sangeorzan, Oakland University; Xia Wang, Oakland University; Chris Kobus, Oakland University; Gary Barber, Oakland University; Alex Alkidas, Oakland University; Michael Latcha, Oakland University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

• Tuesday, May 30, 2006 – Overview of Research; Research careers; research methodologies; ethics, teamwork; research presentations • Friday, June 2, 2006 - GM R&D Lab tour and lunch; Seminar: “Automotive Chassis Systems,” Joe Crowley, DaimlerChrysler Chassis Systems Week 3 • Friday, June 9, 2006 – Seminar: “Future of Combustion Research,” David Reuss, GM R&D • Saturday, June 10, 2006 – Short Course - Alternative, Renewable and Sustainable Energy I: Dr. Chris Kobus, Oakland University Week 4 • Tuesday, June 13, 2006 –Tour of DaimlerChrysler Aero-acoustic Wind Tunnel facility and lunch

Conference Session

NAFP Panel Discussion

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Louis Everett, University of Texas-El Paso; Paul Racette, NASA; Scott Askew, NASA; Rafic Bachnak, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi; Belay Demoz; Paul Mogan, NASA

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

% ofdoctorates in engineering go to foreigners.5 It is believed that if America is toremain competitive as a nation – we need to reverse or slow the dramatic erosionof America's science and technology base.There are a number of profound societal, moral, ethical and justice based reasonsand arguments for why we should educate and focus our attention on MI. Here wewill not address these arguments but instead we focus on the “business” aspects ofthe reasons. The reports mentioned above about the STEM “decline” point to aclear national mandate that the nation must educate a greater number of minoritiesif it is to meet the nation's future needs for additional scientists. This is becauselargest growth in the number of 18-24 year olds in the nation is among

Conference Session

Critical Success Factors for Technopolis Creation

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carmo D'Cruz, Florida Tech; Frank Kinney, Florida Tech; Vaidy Vaidyanathan; Tom O'Neal, University of Central Florida; Clifford Bragdon, Florida Tech; Dennis Kulonda, Florida Tech; Grisselle Centeno, University of South Florida; Jose Zayas-Castro, University of South Florida; Lynda Weatherman, Space Caost EDC

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

Industrial Areas Development Board. The aim ofthis park is to create a “one stop solution” for the high-tech needs of knowledge-based MNCs inIndia. The park already accommodates major industrial conglomerates in IT-related services liketelecommunications, R&D, financial services, biotechnology, and electronics. Such public-private co-operative initiatives have resulted in the explosion of high tech firms in Bangalorefrom 29 in 1992 to over 800 in 2000 with exports exceeding $1 Billion. The Indian ethic ofdedicated hard work is a societal asset that the managers of large MNCs value greatly. TheBangalore success story can be attributed to the combined support of government leadership ineducation and industry, and an actively involved world wide

Conference Session

Entrepreneurial Leadership and Non-traditional Ways to Engage Students in Entrepreneurship and Innovation

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wilburn Clouse, Vanderbilt University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

problems facing the United States at this time is the threatof terrorist attacks, both on the homeland and on foreign soil. This case provides a scenario forstudents to develop Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) to help protect the security ofthe homeland.Case 10 – Fashion, Fashion Everywhere and Nothing To Wear (Fashion, Design andInternational Development Case) – This case is designed to investigate the impact of fashion Page 12.1010.5on creativity, ethics, culture and international development. It is currently being tested in a publicrelations course at Western Kentucky University.Case 11 – Night of Celebration (Wealth Distribution Case

Conference Session

Who Should Teach the BOK

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

,development and use of design methodology, formulation of design problem statements andspecifications, consideration of alternative solutions, and detailed system description. Further, it isrequired to include constraints such as economic factors, safety, reliability, aesthetics, ethics, and socialimpact. Courses that contain engineering design normally are taught at the upper-division level of theengineering program. Some potion of this requirement must be satisfied by at least one course which isprimarily design, preferably at the senior level, and draws upon previous coursework in the relevantdiscipline” (14)A proliferation of capstone design experiences, over the last decade, has taken place at manycolleges of engineering – all seem to meet some

Conference Session

Issues of Diversity

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Fonda Swimmer, Northern Arizona University; Karen Jarratt-Ziemski, Ft. Lewis College

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

featured a few lecture-style modules.Participant as well as staff evaluations indicated that the young women learned more from andremained more engaged with the hands-on activities, and small group interactions withengineering professionals. Based the evaluation information, changes were made to the scheduleand program content for the 2006 camp as discussed in subsequent sections below.2006 STEP UP CampSTEP UP had 17 participants in 2006 from: Arizona (13), Idaho (1), California (1), New Mexico(1) and Utah (1). Participants would be entering the following grades this fall: 6 sophomore, 4juniors, and 7 seniors, demographically speaking, 12 were Native American (two identifiedthemselves as multi-ethic), 2 Hispanic (one identified as multi-ethic

Conference Session

Innovative Techniques in Graphics

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Edward Lumsdaine, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

, prototyping, product liability, innovation in theworkplace, and design for X. A written exam on the reading assignments was given at thebeginning of Week 11. During the second semester, additional lectures on design for X, quality(including QFD, FMEA, Six Sigma, and robust engineering), data management, and ethics weregiven, with students refining and optimizing their design through further iterations as necessary,depending on the results of finite element analysis, prototype testing, and other investigations.Many students lacked an understanding of quality (not only as expressed in such tools as TQM,QFD, or Six Sigma, but also in producing quality work beyond meeting minimum requirements).The student teams had occasional homework assignments to

Conference Session

ERM Potpourri I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Danielle Amatore, Oregon State University; Edith Gummer, Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory; Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

building blocks for thedevelopment of many capstone courses; these guidelines focus on the practice of engineering andinclude requirements for communication, teamwork, creativity, the synthesis of core engineering Page 12.904.2concepts applied to an open-ended project, incorporation of economic considerations, andinclusion of relevant health, safety, and ethical issues.1 Industrial needs have also shaped thedevelopment of capstone courses in a variety of ways, from reporting a perceived lack of hands-on-experience in recently graduated engineers to providing mentorship and projects for capstonecourse.2 In addition to providing students the

Conference Session

ABET Accreditation of Multidisciplinary Programs

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Grondin, Arizona State University; Darryl Morrell, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

Course TitleEGR 220 Computer Hardware for EngineersEGR 221 Engineering Mechanics - StaticsEGR 222 Mechanics of MaterialsEGR 223 Engineering ThermodynamicsEGR 224 Materials SelectionEGR 225 Instrumentation IEGR 226 Engineering Applications of LabViewEGR 227 Manufacturing Processes IEGR 229 Engineering Ethics and ProfessionalismEGR 230 Fluid MechanicsEGR 231 Engineering Mechanics – DynamicsEGR 234 Structure and Properties of Engineering MaterialsEGR 235 Instrumentation IIEGR 238 Feedback ControlEGR 239 Engineering EconomicsWe pursue our core value of a focus on the

Conference Session

Engineering Management Program Management

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Elson, National University; Shekar Viswanathan, National University; Howard Evans, National University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

Page 12.646.3engineering management from different sources. Three of these definitions use the term“systems.” These authors prefer the definition by Omurtag: “Engineering management is designing, operating, and continuously improving purposeful systems of people, machines, money, time, information, and energy by integrating engineering and management knowledge, techniques, and skills to achieve desired goals in technological enterprise through concern for environment, quality, and ethics.”In the same reference, these authors also provide a list of professional societies and journals thatsupport engineering management. They list INCOSE and its journal, the Journal of SystemsEngineering. As further evidence of

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chell Roberts, Arizona State University; Senay Purzer; Darryl Morrell; Mark Henderson, Arizona State University; Scott Danielson, Arizona State University; Nancy Cooke, Arizona State University

analysis of the design activities.IntroductionABET requires that all accredited engineering and engineering technology programs demonstratestudent attainment of outcomes related to design and problem solving. For instance, theengineering accreditation Criterion 3 published in 20052 specifically addresses design, problemsolving, communication, and teams: “an ability to design a system, component, or process tomeet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political,ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability (criterion 3b);” “an ability tofunction on multi-disciplinary teams (criterion 3d);” “an ability to identify, formulate, and solveengineering problems criterion 3e;” and “an

Conference Session

FPD12 -- Novel Approaches to First Year Programs

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Janet Meyer, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis; Nancy Lamm, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis; Joshua Smith, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

stated, students are enrolling with self-confidence but also with unrealistic perceptions ofcollege work. This is supported by Felder22 who says, “A sizable percentage of high schoolstudents lack the sound judgment, sense of responsibility, and work ethic to do well in acurriculum as demanding as engineering, and they’re not likely to magically acquire these thingsin the summer between high school and college.”It is important that faculty who work with freshman students are aware of both perceptions andthe need to provide interventions that promote success. While Sidle & McReynolds23 found thatthe majority of students taking a learning community course agreed that “taking thecourse…increased their belief that they could succeed,” they did

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patricia Carlson, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Frederick Berry, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

meetings, written and oral communication skills, ethics and professionalism, completion of team project(s). • ECE 362 (Principles of Design): A junior-level course covering conceptual design, scheduling, project management, business plan, market survey, and budgeting that culminates in a written proposal and oral presentation requesting funds for development of a product.We report on the results of our using this method of giving student-generated feedback, whichhas been successfully used by hundreds of engineering students over the course of several yearsat RHIT. The paper and the poster examine CPR™’s approach to implementing peer review andhow these methods measure up to generalized expectations

Conference Session

FPD11 -- Multidisciplinary Experiences

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mehrube Mehrubeoglu, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi; Lifford McLauchlan, Texas A&M University-Kingsville

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

the technicalskills, the students are also expected to develop soft skills that are necessary in the engineeringand technology fields, such as teamwork, ethical and professional responsibilities,communications, and time management, all deemed an integral part of the learning experience,and necessary by the ABET accreditation guidelines.Since introductory courses play an important role in student retention and success, there is a needto generate new ideas and develop creative teaching strategies to ensure student interest,attention and learning. Many groups studied innovative methods to achieve the desiredclassroom goals. The following section reviews some of the relevant findings in the literature.The proposed method and its pilot

Conference Session

Mechanical Design and Projects

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jyhwen Wang, Texas A&M University; Richard Harris, Sandia National Laboratories

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. Courses in Mechanical Design CurriculumThe minimum total credit hours required for students in the ABET-accredited MMET program atTAMU is 132. Excluding the courses in communications, mathematics, physical and naturalsciences, and social sciences and humanities, the technical content has 77 credits. The discipline-specific components of the program, among other added-depth technical areas, includeMechanical Design. The courses in the mechanical design sequence are described as followings: • ENGR 111A – Foundations of Engineering I (Mechanics Track). Introduction to the engineering profession, ethics, and disciplines; development of skills in teamwork, problem solving and design; major emphasis on computer applications and

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Lingard, California State University-Northridge

impact of computing. • Demonstrate an understanding of the professional and ethical considerations of computing.Communications • Intro. to Software Engineering • Be able to effectively communicate • Societal Issues in Computing orally. • Plus Electives • Be able to effectively communicate in written form. • Be able to work effectively on a team.Lifelong Learning

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hien Nguyen, Pennsylvania State University; John Wise, Pennsylvania State University; Sven Bilen, Pennsylvania State University; Richard Devon, Pennsylvania State University

Professor of Engineering Design and the Director of the Engineering Design Program in the School for Engineering Design, Technology, and Professional Programs at The Pennsylvania State University, where he has received several teaching awards. He has directed both the Pennsylvania Space Grant Program and the Science, Technology, and Society Program at Penn State. Devon currently focuses on design education, global programs, and design topics such as design ethics, innovative and integrated design, and conceptual design communications. Page 12.1413.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2007

Conference Session

Emerging Technologies in Manufacturing Education - I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ahmed Khan, DeVry University; Beverly Cronin, DeVry University; Maneesh Kumar, DeVry University; Aateef Mustafa, DeVry University; Pankti Patel, DeVry Univeristy; Joey Socorro, DeVry University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

members to build and test the transceivers andtransponders. Programming classes such as Distributed Computing with Java taught thedevelopment of networked applications in Java. Database Design provided the crucial know-howin developing the online database that connected our hardware and software application. TheTechnology and Ethics course brought up the realization that there are many privacy issuesassociated with this technology, and its regulated use would help set up a positive technology.The project has widened the scope of learning and knowledge in the electronics and computerfields for the team members. The project also helped the group to develop higher levels ofknowledge by learning totally new items that were not covered during the

Conference Session

K-12 Engineering and Pre-College Outreach Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Abhijit Nagchaudhuri, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore; Madhumi Mitra, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

ramifications of theworkshop with regard to the new paradigm of “technology education” in K-12 setting.However, the participants readily realized how “instructional technology”, “computers”,“computer graphics”, “information technology”, “science” and “mathematics” content,can be integrated within a “technology education” lesson over and above providing aplatform for discussion on social and ethical implications of advanced technologies, andthe engineering design process. It is this integrative holistic nature of “technologyeducation” that the new standards aspire to promote which has the potential tosignificantly transform and improve K-12 STEM education and unleash the creativity ofyoung minds throughout the nation. In the recent past, the primary