multidimensional. Thus,student STEM identity continues to be refined and influenced over the course of one’s entire collegeexperience. The model served as the foundation of the interview protocol as well as the deductivedata analysis plan and was used to consider the implications of the study. 5 PARTICIPANTS Pseudonym Year of Birth Gender Race/Ethnicity Engineering Discipline Faculty Rank Guara 1979 Woman White, Latinx Electrical, Computer, and Systems Assistant Rose 1983 Woman White Civil and Environmental Assistant Kelly 1983 Woman
, pp. S2E-25-S2E-31, doi: 10.1109/FIE.2005.1612228.[41] M. M. Chemers et al., “The role of self-efficacy and identity in mediating the effects of science support programs,” University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 2010.[42] J. Cohen, Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2nd ed. New Jersey, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1988.[43] B. D. Jones, M. C. Paretti, S. F. Hein, and T. W. Knott, “An Analysis of Motivation Constructs with First-Year Engineering Students: Relationships Among Expectancies, Values, Achievement, and Career Plans,” J. Eng. Educ., vol. 99, no. 4, pp. 319–336, Oct. 2010, doi: 10.1002/j.2168-9830.2010.tb01066.x.[44] K. M. Whitcomb, Z. Y. Kalender, T. J. Nokes
consideration to alternativeperspectives.Human-Centered design was described as vital for ethics and considering the value of designs inrelation to engineering [26, 65]. Contextualizing problems was important for thinking about thebroader impact of designs on others and for finding more inclusive solutions [65, 66]. Oneparticularly creative approach to developing such skills, and thinking about the needs of others,was curricula established around “alien-centered design” [67]. Students were tasked withthinking about “a new, inter-galactic student exchange program planned with students from theplanet Xenos” in two courses. As part of the process, students in one of the courses applied moretraditional design methodogolgies to learn more about their
more to students [e.g., FGP21 De, Female; FGP41 Ad, Male]. In preparation for making faculty aware of students and their needs, the students also suggested educating faculty about identifying students in distress, which aligns with recommendations from Wilson et al. [50]. • Encouraging co-curricular activities and practices: Students suggested that curricular and co-curricular planning include efforts to build social connections (e.g., interactions among peers and faculty). Students also suggested that faculty could take the initiative to engage in non-academic activities (e.g., teambuilding exercises, games, etc.) with students to provide some relief from their academic responsibilities
throughout the process. Experts inqualitative research, and phenomenography specifically, were consulted when planning theexperiment and when designing the interview protocol. During the analysis phase, additionalresearchers were involved as described further below.All audio recordings of the interviews were transcribed and confirmed by another researcher.Then, the first author read each transcript as a whole over multiple iterations. Direct quotesrelevant to the RQ were identified, highlighted, and tentative themes were interpreted andextracted over each round. Next, an independent researcher reviewed a transcript rich in themediversity to confirm existent labels and to suggest additional ones that may be relevant.We employed the pool of meanings