structure. The presentation includedimages of their structure test and an explanation of why their structure was more capable ofwithstanding a tornado. Furthermore, students completed an end of unit assessment. Theassessment included 20 multiple-choice questions and five open-ended questions.Table 1: The engineering design process by week Week EDP Activity • Read the problem, identify questions to ask about constraints 1 ASK • Watch https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zz_CRzcIT-Q • Create a list of questions that would aid in development • Imagine possible design solutions 2 IMAGINE • Watch https
constraints and ethics ● Explore: Activity 1 – function of sensors and components using snap circuit components ● Explain: Notes/Practice/Homework 1 – Sensor CircuitsDay 3: Explore Sensor and Logic Components (Lesson 2, 90 min) ● Review Sensor Circuits and repeat Activity 1 with Logic components ● Explain: Notes/Practice/Homework 2 – Logic CircuitsDay 4: Engineering Task Introduction (Lesson 3, 50 min) ● Review Sensor and Logic Circuits; Quiz 1 ● Explain: Notes 3 – Engineering Process ● Explore: Activity 3 – Sensor Circuit Engineering (Q 1)Day 5: Engineering Project (Lesson 3, 90 min) ● Review Logic Circuits; Quiz 2 ● Explore: Activity 3 – Sensor Circuit Engineering (Qs 2-5)Day 6: Engineering Project (Lesson 3, 50 min) ● Explore
evaluationfollows the Joint Committee’s Standards for Program Evaluation [14] and the AmericanEvaluation Association’s Guidelines for Evaluation. The utilization and developmentalevaluation focuses of prominent evaluator, Michael Q. Patton [15], serve as a foundation for allaspects of the evaluation.A mixture of qualitative and quantitative approaches supplies data for decision making andassessment of goal attainment. Data gathered from print/online surveys, focus groups,interviews, documents, and participant observation inform the program. Analysis of the dataincludes the use of descriptive statistics, comparison of mean differences, and analysis ofvariance. Content analysis of written and spoken comments, documents, observation notes aretriangulated with
model in secondary agricultural education on students' content knowledge, scientific reasoning ability, argumentation skills, and views of the nature of science (Doctoral dissertation). University of Florida.Toulmin, S. (1958). The uses of argument. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Villa, E. Q., Kephart, K., Gates, A. Q., Thiry, H., & Hug, S. (2013). Affinity research groups in practice: Apprenticing students in research. Journal of Engineering Education, 102, 444- 466.Vincenti, W. G. (1990). What engineers know and how they know it: Analytical studies from aeronautical history. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.Vinck, D. (Ed.). (2003). Everyday engineering: An ethnography of design
systems, a key concept of systems engineering. Students also learn how tooperate both systems, how to tweak the programs/inputs and make observations on how thechange in inputs result in the response of the systems. Such exercise builds their confidence andunderstanding of how the electromechanical systems work. After students are familiar with thetechnology and concepts, in the learning phase, they are introduced to the history of NASA’sspace exploration through series of NASA’s excellent video content available through multipleof NASA’s web resources [7]. Also, students are given opportunity to interact with NASA’sengineers through a live webinar and Q&A session to learn about NASA’s Journey to Marsprogram.In the second phase, students are
like engineers.AcknowledgementsSupport for this work is provided by the National Science Foundation under Award No. EEC1664228. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this materialare those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National ScienceFoundation.References[1] National Science Board. (2016). Science and engineering indicators 2016. Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation (NSB-2016-1).[2] Tai, R. T., Liu, C. Q., Maltese, A. V., & Fan, X. T. (2006). Planning early for careers in science. Science, 312, 1143-1144.[3] Aschbacher, P. R., Li, E., & Roth, E. J. (2010). Is science me? High school students’ identities, participation, and aspirations in science
under Grant No.DRL-1657519. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions are recommendations expressed in thismaterial are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National ScienceFoundation .References[1] E. Iversen, “Engineering Outreach on Campus,” Washington, DC, 2015.[2] C. Gartland, “Student ambassadors: ‘role-models’, learning practices and identities,” Br. J. Sociol. Educ., no. September, pp. 1–20, 2014.[3] A. V. Maltese and R. H. Tai, “Eyeballs in the fridge: Sources of early interest in science,” Int. J. Sci. Educ., 2010.[4] R. H. Tai, C. Q. Liu, A. V. Maltese, and X. Fan, “Planning early for careers in science,” Science. 2006.[5] M. B. Ormerod and D. Duckworth, “Pupils
Recommendations for Increasing Engagement among Women in STEM.,” Journal of STEM Education: Innovations \& Research, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 92–97, 2017.[6] J. Bond, Y. Wang, C. S. Sankar, P. Raju, and Q. Le, “Female and minority students benefit from use of multimedia case studies,” International Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 343–359, 2014.[7] P. et al Bell, Learning Science in Informal Environments: People, Places, and Pursuits. The National Academy Press, 2009.[8] D. Kilgore, C. J. Atman, K. Yasuhara, T. J. Barker, and A. Morozov, “Considering Context: A Study of First- Year Engineering Students,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 321–334, 2007.[9] T. J. Puccinelli, M. E. Fitzpatrick, and G
. https://doi.org/10.17226/11463. 2. National Academy of Sciences (US), National Academy of Engineering (US), and Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Underrepresented Groups and the Expansion of the Science and Engineering Workforce Pipeline. Expanding Underrepresented Minority Participation. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2011. 1, A Strong Science and Engineering Workforce. 3. Cantrell, P., Pekcan, G., Itani, A., & Velasquez‐Bryant, N. (2006). The effects of engineering modules on student learning in middle school science classrooms. Journal of Engineering Education, 95(4), 301-309. 4. Dyer, R. R., Reed, P. A., & Berry, R. Q. (2006). Investigating the relationship between
participants and professors and studentsfrom the Columbia College Chicago. After each presentation, there is a session of Q&A, wherethe teens can explain specific topics of their work more in detail.ComEd Youth Ambassadors (ComEd)In the ComEd Youth Ambassadors program, participants develop a better public understandingof the “Energy Infrastructure Modernization Act” (EMIA). The community engagement teamfrom the Science and Mathematics department at Columbia College Chicago developed the“Smart Grid and You” curriculum. In addition to promoting the contents relevant to the SmartGrid and its impact in the common citizen, the goal of this program is to generate a positiveenvironment in which teens that are inclined but not yet convinced to explore
Review, vol. 25 issue 1, pp. 69-94, Mar. 2013[9] M. Heil and P. Jansen-Osmann, “Sex differences in mental rotation with polygons of different complexity: Do men utilize holistic process whereas women prefer piecemeal ones?” Q J Pyschol (Hove), vol. 61 issue 5 pp. 683-689, Jan. 2008[10] R.E. Stafford, “Hereditary and environmental components of quantitative reasoning,” Review of Educational Research, vol. 42, pp. 183-201, 1972[11] D.B. Hier and W.F. Crowley Jr., “Spatial ability in androgen-deficient men,” New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 306, no. 20 pp. 1202-1205, 1982[12] S.A. Sorby, “Developing 3-D Spatial Visualization skills for non-engineering students.” In American society for Engineering Education
argument. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1958.[27] T. J. Moore, A. W. Glancy, K. M. Tank, J. A. Kersten, K. A. Smith, and M. S. Stohlmann, “A framework for quality K-12 engineering education: Research and development,” J. Pre-College Eng. Educ. Res., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2014.[28] Y. S. Lincoln and E. G. Guba, Naturalistic inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc., 1985.[29] M. Q. Patton, Qualitative research & evaluation methods, 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc., 2015.
Council, Report of a Workshop on the Pedagogical Aspects of Computational Thinking. Washington, D.C.: The National Acadamies Press, 2011.[9] V. J. Shute, C. Sun, and J. Asbell-Clarke, “Demystifying computational thinking,” Educational Research Review. 2017.[10] J. M. Wing, “Computational Thinking,” Commun. Assoc. Comput. Mach., 2006.[11] J. M. Wing, “Computational thinking and thinking about computing.,” Comput. Think. Think. about Comput., 2008.[12] V. Barr, C. Stephenson, and B. V. Barr, “Bringing computational thinking to K-12: what is Involved and what is the role of the computer science education community?,” ACM Inroads, 2011.[13] M. Israel, J. N. Pearson, T. Tapia, Q. M. Wherfel, and G. Reese