phases or activities; other elements spanned the entire innovation process.In general, learning in this theme extended beyond realization of the importance of thesecomprising elements. Instead, learning came from a place of personal experience, as studentsembraced or internalized an approach or mindset. There were, however, some differences in thedegree to which participants accepted and inhabited these elements. For example, Let go ofselfish innovation was typically an important realization for participants, but one they oftenstruggled to persistently embrace.Table 4. Elements Comprising the Approaches and Mindsets Theme Elements Description Apply critical thinking Critical and reflective thinking are essential at key
semester, students are required to submit a ½ to 1-page analogy reflection. Inthe assignment, students must either reflect on one of the analogies given throughout the courseto connect it to a personal life experience, or to create their own analogy that connects the circuitcontent to another topic, and reflect on the connection to a life experience. The analogy shouldbe stated, and the underlying deep structure between the source and target should be described.For grading, the correctness of the statements made about the analogy and the related circuittopic are checked (i.e., the stated deep structure is sensible and correct). Also, how well theanalogy is related to the student’s own life experience is assessed. The grading of the
learning that are independent of specificpedagogies or tools: (1) intrinsic motivation, (2) students as empowered agents, and (3) designthinking.The first, intrinsic motivation, allowed participants to reflect on factors within their courses thatcontribute to students’ motivation and ultimately, their academic performance [19]. During theworkshops, participants worked individually and in small groups [20] to explore differentapproaches to supporting students’ sense of competency about the topics within the course,autonomy to control their own learning, and relatedness to others around them and theengineering topics within the course. As agents of their own learning, students are self-directedand empowered learners who actively construct their
alumnus who was a veteran also shared his story during an interview. These veteranssaw military service as a strong reflection of social responsibility and a sacrifice to the greatergood. Some veterans pushed back on the notion of social responsibility as an obligation ingeneral. One student veteran shared a story of being disparaged for his military association. Theresults help engineering faculty understand the perspectives of students with militarybackgrounds and/or aspirations. Faculty should consider these perspectives in their teaching,particularly when facilitating discussions and debates around ethics and societal impacts in theircourses.IntroductionA key attribute of professionalism is a “normative orientation toward the service of
related to technical systems being designed toaddress a human problem, but also knowledge of social systems in which the designedtechnology will be implemented and of the interdependencies between the technical and socialsystems1. This recognition is reflected across the K-12 Next Generation Science Standards2under the cross-cutting concept “Influence of Science, Engineering, and Technology on Societyand the Natural World”, and specifically in at least two middle (MS) and high school (HS)Engineering, Technology and the Application of Science Standards (ETS): ● The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by
, arguing that the education system and cultural capital reflect the norms ofprivileged racial and ethnic groups [12]. Thus, students within the education system are expectedto know and operate within this set of cultural norms. However, students from different class,race, or ethnic backgrounds are less likely to know these cultures, and therefore operate at adisadvantage within education settings, such as “predominantly White universities [that]typically reflect White, male, middle-class perspectives” ([12], p. 95). As Dumais [13] explains,these students: might not be viewed as favorable by teachers, they might not understand materials or assignments that were based on the dominant culture, and they might opt out of education
inclusion (D&I) within professional formation inECE. We identified three tensions (push/pull dynamics of contradictions) that emerged from theparticipants’ experiences in the design sessions [10]. We conclude by discussing our emerginginsights into the effectiveness of design thinking toward cultural change efforts in engineering.BackgroundThe Evolution of Engineering CulturesTo enact organizational culture change, an understanding of the organization’s cultural valuesand norms is critical. Particularly within engineering contexts, Godfrey and Parker cautioned that“if the espoused values inherent in any proposed change did not reflect enacted values at an“operational level,” change would be difficult to sustain” [8, p. 19]. That is, any change
demonstrate better science attitudes andinterest while maintaining performance in state tests [27]. This model of curriculum developmentalso encourages teachers to take ownership of the content, reflect on the rationale for theirpractices, and invest in greater self-learning, all of which lead to the creation of educativecurriculum materials [24]. Educative curriculum materials refer to curriculum that promotesteacher learning in addition to student learning by supporting and developing skills forinstructional decision making.With regard to the development of NGSS-aligned curriculum, researchers have suggested a 10-step process [28]. It consists of: (i) selection of PEs related to a given topic or DCI; (ii) review ofthe PEs to establish the scope of
methodologies in engineering edu- cation, the professional formation of engineers, the role of empathy and reflection in engineering learning, and student development in interdisciplinary and interprofessional spaces.Dr. Benjamin Okai, Harding University Benjamin Okai is a Postdoctoral Research Associate and an instructor at Harding University. By profes- sion, I’m a counselor educator and supervisor with a strong motivation and active engagement in scholar- ship and research in psychosocial studies simply because through these academic professional endeavors my professional growth and development can be enhanced, contribute to the body of research in psychol- ogy and social sciences, develop a strong network with colleagues
developed by one of the authors, but which evolvedwith additional insight as additional people reviewed the transcripts. Each interview wasreviewed and coded by at least two authors. The lead author eventually selected the quotesthat most reflected the codes and themes that had developed iteratively by the team.Survey DataAfter completing interviews, we conducted pilot surveys to determine how widespread thepatterns identified in the interviews were. Anonymous, online first-year and junior surveyswere administered to all students registered in engineering programs via Qualtrics software.--These students who responded are not statistically representative of either class (31.98% offirst-year students and 44.0% of juniors, see Table 2), but samples
something new; 3) shifting norms of leaders involved in entrepreneurial-minded action; and 4) developing teaching methods with a storytelling focus in engineering and science educa- tion. Founder of the Design Entrepreneuring Studio: Barbara helps teams generate creative environments. Companies that she has worked with renew their commitment to innovation. She also helps students an- swer these questions when she teaches some of these methods to engineering, design, business, medicine, and law students. Her courses use active storytelling and self-reflective observation as one form to help student and industry leaders traverse across the iterative stages of a project- from the early, inspirational stages to prototyping
are required to present their research workthree times while they are in the Netherlands: 5-minute research plan; 10-minute research progress;and 15-minute final presentation. By preparing these presentations, students learn how to collect data,interview stakeholders, lead/participate in brain-storming discussions, and adjust/improve theirresearch products. Students also learn how to interact with people from different disciplines and look atthe issues from diverse perspectives. 1This article describes the design process of the Program, from initial development throughimplementation. Reflections and lessons learned from the first three years of the Program are shared.IntroductionAs
students.The EA Program consists of a four phased model: (i) application process; (ii) preparation fallsemester 2-unit ENGR 98A Global Engineering course building team spirit, studyingGuatemala’s culture, politics and economy; learning about travel and worksite health; andconducting preliminary design for the abroad project; (iii) two-week engineering service-learning1-unit ENGR 98B Engineering abroad course in Guatemala during the winter session workingalongside community members in designing and building community-directed projects; (iv)reflection spring semester weekly meetings delivering presentations and papers on theexperience to the Cabrillo College community, local engineering organizations, and at ASEE andSociety of Professional Engineers
the software on exams). Generalcomments about the lecture also reflected that too much material is being covered, the lectureperiods feel rushed, and therefore the exam periods seem too short.Constraints, Challenges, OpportunitiesSome comments from the above section reflect some expected frustrations given the nature ofteaching statistics in a multidisciplinary environment [4]. The breadth of topics covered makes itnecessary to move quickly during lectures and the diversity of the student population makes itdifficult to design examples that will be relevant to all engineering disciplines. There alsoappears to be a lack of engagement with the topic of statistics itself that may stem simply fromthe growth of the lecture sections over the years
activities and interactions sparking the interest of the individual. • Cycle 2: Potential value: Knowledge capital. Activities and interactions can produce “knowledge capital” when the value is realized at a later date and time. • Cycle 3: Applied value: Changes in practice. Adapting and applying knowledge capital that leads to change in practice, approaches, or protocol. • Cycle 4: Realized value: Performance improvement. After applying the knowledge capital, reflection on what effects the application of knowledge capital had on the members practice is taken into consideration. • Cycle 5: Reframing value: Redefining success. Value creation is achieved when social learning causes a reconsideration
reflect the context of studentsentering the College of Engineering and validated them for internal consistency, removingindividual survey items due to poor factor loading when necessary. Sample items for bothscales are shown in Tables 2 and 3. All items measuring students’ experiences withinstitutional tactics and proactive behaviors were measured using a seven-point Likert scale,with 0 = Strongly Disagree and 6 = Strongly Agree.Table 2. Summary of institutional tactics including Cronbach’s alpha (α) for each scaleTable 3. Summary of proactive behaviors including Cronbach’s alpha (α) for each scaleInstitutional TacticsIn order to measure students’ experiences with institutional tactics, we adapted scalespublished by Jones (1986) for a university
equipmentOne of the most pressing needs reflected in previous assessment activities was the lack ofcampus accommodations with adequate technological capabilities to support intensivecomputation and research activities. As a result, at GRIC, technological architecture plays a vitalrole in incorporating a robust Internet infrastructure with 100 dedicated ports for wired andwireless connection; over 100 electrical outlets distributed throughout the space on walls, floorsand portable towers; and a wide range of computers (HP, Dell, Microsoft, Lenovo, Apple) withvarious operating systems (Mac OS, Windows, Ubuntu), including software for complextechnical writing, programming, data processing and visualization, imaging and design, amongstothers. Figure 7
, stricter government safety or environmental regulations also need to bemet. There are many examples, like cars and home appliances, that reflect this challengingscenario. Consequently, industry needs mechanical engineering graduates that have the necessaryknowledge, skills and abilities (KSAs) to successfully participate in the design and developmentof complex products or systems.The fact that companies need engineering graduates with a good foundation in the process todesign and develop products and systems is reflected in the new ABET accreditation criteria [1]and in references such as the Engineering Competency Model that was jointly developed byAmerican Association of Engineering Societies (AAES) and the United States Department ofLabor (DOL
of constructs likely tobe impacted by grades 6-12 science interventions. See Table 2. We also asked questions aboutwhether students found S&E fair projects to be “transformative experiences”[11] which areexpected to reflect deeper engagement with science. We shortened the scales for time, selectingthe four most representative items from each scale. We also rephrased each question to ask aboutthe fair project.ResultsWe analyzed the demographic characteristics reported by these students and contrasted thosewho did and did not complete science fair projects. Overall, teachers with younger students(especially 6th grade) seemed more likely to require all students to complete a project, whileteachers with older students (especially 12th grade
-consuming nature of fostering several weaker ties.Too much time spent on strengthening weak ties can be difficult, particularly those whom arecommonly tokenized, like women in engineering or those with interdisciplinary degreebackgrounds. Cultivating several functioning weak ties assumes unwritten network requirementsthat are problematic due to their gender-neutral structure, an informal unwritten practice ofnetworks. With men usually in the highest positions of power (seen also in engineering fieldstoday), network structures are related to gender composition of the network and leadership withinthe network; therefore, making women tokenized members (Kanter, 1977). In a network, memberstend to select individuals that reflect themselves for entry to
met an engineer, and - communication skills are crucial to practicing engineering.For the past several years, all first-year students majoring in civil and mechanical engineering,approximately 90 students per year, have been required to participate in these afterschoolprograms as “Engineer for a Day.” One engineering major from the class accompanies severalstudents from other majors to an after-school program to assist running a STEM activity. Theimportance of communication in engineering, and of practicing the communication of complexengineering topics to a general audience, is emphasized throughout the course. The engineeringstudents complete a reflection upon return to campus, discuss the experience in class, and use theskills
received much attention in recent yearsdue to its lack of diversity and the toxic culture in these companies. The United States populationis 13% Black, but this representation is not reflected in the technology workforce. In fact, fewerthan 5% of tech company employees identify as Black. These factors lead many Blackemployees to leave, costing companies billions of dollars to fill their positions–not to mentiontheir perspectives and expertise. The lack of diversity can also affect worker wellbeing,productivity, and innovation. To interrogate this issue, our study examines the experiences ofBlack engineers through their own narratives. We aim to interview 40 engineers within thetechnology industry to understand their working conditions. The
application of LIWC is whether the pre-defineddictionaries that LIWC draws on are appropriate for the texts that are being analyzed. The essaysthat students compose in specific courses, for instance, may more strongly reflect concepts (assignaled by the words they use) in that course, and those concepts may not have been adequatelyanticipated in the development of LIWC.An emerging supervised method for text analysis uses naïve Bayesian computations. The methodis based on an extension of Bayes theorem and is used to create classifiers that identify predictorsthat are able to classify old and new instances. For instance, after training on a set of newspapereditorials written from reactionary and liberal perspectives, a Bayesian classifier can be used
and the ways in which this identity is influenced by students’ academic relationships, events, and expe- riences. Dr. McCall holds B.S. and M.S. degrees in Civil Engineering from the South Dakota School of Mines & Technology.Dr. Lisa D. McNair, Virginia Tech Lisa D. McNair is a Professor of Engineering Education at Virginia Tech, where she also serves as Director of the Center for Research in SEAD Education at the Institute for Creativity, Arts, and Technology (ICAT). Her research interests include interdisciplinary collaboration, design education, communication studies, identity theory and reflective practice. Projects supported by the National Science Foundation include exploring disciplines as cultures
the bottom of the figure. The x-axis depicts perceived preparedness, with lower perceived preparedness to the left and higher perceived preparedness to the right. (Note that while we also have perceived preparedness data from participants’ pre-graduation interviews and their weekly surveys, we used only the workplace interview data to select participants for this paper; subsequent larger studies will use the full data set.) The size of the circle reflects extent of engineering identity; the larger the circle, the more the participant identified as an engineer. The shading represents mention of gender bias/discrimination (shaded = yes, unshaded = no).As is clear from Figure 1
of the product. Results showed that over half of the students believedthat the first solution helped them in answering the second question. Figure 1: Minimum Viable Product (MVP) for Aerospace Sophomore ClassroomWhile the initial learning module was geared to help students bridge the gaps of knowledge toassist them through their engineering courses, our team has begun to pivot the direction of themodules. Interviews from students within the department have suggested that lack of diversity inthe engineering field may be the cause of students switching majors. As of now, our team isworking on how to gear the personal learning module questions so that they reflect the needs ofthe students and professors in regards to diversifying the
each day.Participants & the Class Portrait ProjectFifteen students, ages 14 to 16, at a public high school participated in the maker club – 7 boys, 7girls, and 1 gender non-binary. The club demographics reflected those of the school as a whole –5 African-American, 3 Latinx, 3 White, and 4 multiracial. Most students were from low tomiddle income families. In this paper, we focus on the work of one group, in which there werethree young women -- Casey, Deonne and B -- and one young man -- B’s brother Isaiah.Three members of the group – Casey, Deonne, and Bi – shared a homeroom, and decided tocreate a light-up Class Portrait. The portrait as initially envisioned would include a photo of allstudents in the class and use LEDs embedded in the
students’preferred learning styles, accommodation of such learning styles through different teachingapproaches, and finally the assessment of the student learning (Driscoll & Garcia, 2000).In order to better assess and accordingly accommodate student learning styles, researcherscategorized students’ learning styles in different ways usually on a bipolar continuum followingthe underlying fundamentals of learning: (1) processing of information: perception(sensing/intuitive), (2) input modality (visual/verbal), (3) organization (induction/deduction), (4)processing (sequential/global), and (5) understanding (active/reflective) (Driscoll & Garcia, 2000).Many assessment tools/surveys were developed to determine students’ learning styles that vary intheir
-2018 academic year, ACRP newlyincluded enhancing sustainability and resilience of airports as a topic in the challenge area ofairport operations and maintenance, and in the challenge area of airport environmentalinteractions [4]. The 2018-2019 design guidelines include these two topics as well [4]. However,the motivations for 2013 to 2017 winning teams to include sustainability in their designproposals have not been investigated. Because one of the evaluation criteria for this competitionis interaction with industry (12 out of 122 points), these motivations may reflect the demand ofairport industry for including sustainability or may reflect the inclusion of sustainability intodesign courses as recommended by ASEE.Student teams at U.S
learning.Lastly, discussions between Kerestes and Dolloff have led to the feeling that it is difficult todeliver and assess assignments based on smart grid technology. Many of the technologies arenot yet commercialized nor have even been realized. Therefore, a good component to add tothe course would be in-class discussions based on new and emerging smart grid technologies.Kerestes would assign either readings or videos on new distribution-level smart gridtechnologies and have a discussion on them in class. Based on this discussion, students wouldbe assigned to write reflective papers for assessment. In these reflections, student would haveto consider ethics, sustainability, economics and global impact. This would drive continuousimprovement of the