Conference Session

Business and Professional Literacy Within Chemical Engineering

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Dayoung Kim, Purdue University at West Lafayette; Alison J. Kerr, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Paper ID #33204Chemical Engineers’ Experiences of Ethics in the Health Products IndustryMs. Dayoung Kim, Purdue University at West Lafayette Dayoung Kim is a Ph.D. Candidate in Engineering Education at Purdue University. Her current research interest centers on engineering ethics and social responsibility, and she is specifically interested in cul- tural influences on engineers’ moral formation. She earned her B.S. in Chemical Engineering at Yonsei University (Seoul, South Korea) in 2017 and M.S. in Chemical Engineering at Purdue University (West Lafayette, USA) in 2021.Dr. Alison J. Kerr, University of Illinois Urbana

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering in Silico

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James P. Abulencia, Manhattan College

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

AC 2011-2265: ENGINEERING ETHICS CASE STUDIES IN SENIOR UNITOPERATIONS LABORATORYJames P Abulencia, Manhattan College Page 22.588.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 Engineering Ethics Case Studies in Senior Unit Operations LaboratoryAbstract Placement of ethics in the Chemical Engineering curriculum has always been debated. Inthis project, the use of a real-world engineering ethics case study was integrated into the SeniorUnit Operations Laboratory course over two separate class years (i.e. Year 1 and Year 2). Themotivation behind this was twofold. First, the assignment provides the opportunity to develop

Conference Session

ChemE Curriculum: Junior, Senior, and Graduate

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Angela R Bielefeldt, University of Colorado, Boulder; Madeline Polmear, University of Colorado, Boulder; Chris Swan, Tufts University; Daniel Knight, University of Colorado, Boulder; Nathan E. Canney

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Paper ID #21683Ethics and Societal Impacts in the Education of Chemical Engineering Un-dergraduate and Graduate StudentsDr. Angela R Bielefeldt, University of Colorado, Boulder Angela Bielefeldt is a professor at the University of Colorado Boulder in the Department of Civil, Envi- ronmental, and Architectural Engineering (CEAE). She has served as the ABET assessment coordinator in her department since 2008. Professor Bielefeldt’s research interests in engineering education include service-learning, sustainable engineering, social responsibility, ethics, and diversity.Ms. Madeline Polmear, University of Colorado, Boulder

Conference Session

Novel Student Experiences in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Darinka del Carmen Ramírez , ITESM (Tecnológico de Monterrey); Pablo Moreno Ramírez, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Paper ID #13185Making practical experience: Teaching thermodynamics, ethics and sustain-able development with PBL at a bioenergy plantDr. Darinka del Carmen Ramirez, ITESM (Tecnol´ogico de Monterrey) Ph. D. Darinka Ram´ırez is a professor at the Chemical Engineering department of ITESM (Tecnol´ogico de Monterrey), Campus Monterrey, Mexico. She has a B. S. in biochemical engineering at IT La Paz, M. S. in chemical engineering at Tecnol´ogico de Monterrey, and Ph. D. in Educational Innovation also at Tecnol´ogico de Monterrey. She teaches mainly Material Balances, Energy Balances and Thermodynamics to undergraduate students

Conference Session

Works-in-Progress Postcard Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Reginald E Rogers Jr, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE)

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Paper ID #21300Work in Progress: Integrating Process Safety and Ethics in Classroom Dis-cussion through SurveysDr. Reginald E Rogers Jr, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE) Reginald Rogers is an Associate Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering at Rochester In- stitute of Technology. His research focuses on the use of carbon nanomaterials for water treatment and sodium-ion battery applications. Dr. Rogers has been recognized for his teaching, research, and service efforts through numerous invited seminars and awards. Notable awards include the 2015 Partner of the Year Award from RIT’s Multicultural Center for

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering in the Junior and Senior Year

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jeffrey Stransky, Rowan University; Landon Bassett, University of Connecticut; Daniel D. Anastasio, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Matthew Cooper, North Carolina State University; Daniel D. Burkey, University of Connecticut; Cheryl A Bodnar, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at the University of Connecticut. He received his B.S. in chemical engineering from Lehigh University in 1998, and his M.S.C.E.P and Ph.D. in chemical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2000 and 2003, respectively. His primary areas of interest are game-based education, engineering ethics, and process safety education.Dr. Cheryl A Bodnar, Rowan University Dr. Bodnar is an Associate Professor in the Experiential Engineering Education Department at Rowan University. Her research interests relate to the incorporation of active learning techniques such as game- based learning in undergraduate classes as well as integration of innovation and entrepreneurship into

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering Education: Upperclass Years

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Bullard, North Carolina State University; David Ollis, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Professional Development Buffet: From Banquet to À La CarteAbstractBoth ABET and industrial advisory boards encourage engineering departments to includeinstruction in “soft skills” that reflect the broader professional qualities necessary for studentsuccess in their careers. These include oral and written communication, ethics and professionalbehavior, resume and interviewing skills, electronic and professional etiquette, informationliteracy, and broader knowledge of engineering solutions in a global or societal context. Whilesome departments dedicate one or more instructional credits to accomplish this objective, othersmay integrate such topics into existing core courses. This paper presents a one-credit model fora junior-level course in professional

Conference Session

Improving Laboratory Education in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joshua A Enszer, University of Maryland, Baltimore County

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

toestablish their own experiment designs to explore chemical and physical phenomena related tojunior-level thermodynamics and transport courses. Concepts in statistics and numericalmethods, technical writing, engineering ethics, and laboratory and industrial safety are allintroduced in the scope of this course.This course serves as the first in our curriculum where students are responsible for the creation oflaboratory procedures, in contrast to their typical chemistry labs where experimental methods areprovided. Given a brief (1/2-1 page) prompt explaining the principle of interest and a list ofavailable laboratory equipment, students are required to explicitly outline the objective,hypothesis, and methods of their experiment, followed by

Conference Session

Impact of the Gulf Coast Oil Spill on Chemical Engineering Education & Misc.

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tamara Floyd Smith, Tuskegee University; Nadar Vahdat, Tuskegee University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

AC 2011-884: GULF COAST OIL SPILL INSTRUCTION AT TUSKEGEEUNIVERSITYTamara Floyd Smith, Tuskegee UniversityNadar Vahdat, Tuskegee University Dr. Vahdat is the head and professor of Chemical Engineering at Tuskegee University. His research area includes carbon capture and storage, adsorption, and transport properties of polymers. He has been one of the instructors for a new course in engineering ethics that is offered to all the engineering majors at Tuskegee University. Page 22.764.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 Gulf Coast Oil Spill Instruction at Tuskegee

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering Education: Upperclass Years

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Bullard, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

traditionallecture content as well as a capstone project. Academic content typically includesflowsheet synthesis and development, process simulation, process economics, andequipment design/heuristics. Depending on the background of the instructor and whetherthe course is one or two semesters, a laundry list of additional topics might includesustainability and “green design” concepts,1 process safety, 2 Good ManufacturingPractice, Six Sigma,3 optimization,4 selecting materials of construction, reading P&ID’s,heat exchanger network or reactor network synthesis, environmental regulations,engineering ethics, batch scheduling, and product design.5 Senior design is also the lastopportunity to reinforce “soft skills” such as teamwork6,7 and communication.8

Conference Session

Work-In-Progress Postcard Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel D. Anastasio, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Elizabeth R. Morehouse, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

can be used by CareerServices professionals when coaching students (NACE, 2017).The career readiness competencies identified by NACE include critical thinking/problemsolving, oral/written communication, teamwork/collaboration, digital technology, leadership,professionalism/work ethic, and career management (NACE, 2017). In January 2017, an eighthcompetency – global/intercultural fluency – was added (NACE, 2017). They are described inTable 1 on the next page.Table 1: NACE Career Readiness Competencies Defined.Competency Definition Employer Rating Employer Rating of Student Self- Recent Graduate Rating

Conference Session

Work in Progress: Assessment, Evaluation and Hands-on Activities

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jennifer Cole, Northwestern University; Allison Godwin, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Joana Marques Melo, Purdue University; Jacqueline Ann Rohde, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

groups, E6, J6, P2, A5, O4, Teamwork / including participation, collaboration, O36, O60, O65-67, Leadership inclusivity, project management, and O73, O75 leadership Category Competency Definition Definition Source* KSAs pertaining to ethical and professional responsibilities in engineering

Conference Session

Emerging Areas: Biotechnology, Microtechnology, and Energy

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Polly R. Piergiovanni, Lafayette College

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

determine what I wanted to communicate to the students; that is, Ineeded to establish learning outcomes. I selected the following objectives:By the end of the semester, students will be able to: 1. Use multiple perspectives to answer important questions about a complicated problem 2. Explain the chemical differences between dyeing with indigo and dyeing with other natural dyes 3. Create a process flow diagram, identify major process equipment and explain briefly how they work 4. Write a technically competent laboratory report on the processes studied 5. Show an understanding of what a professional is and the ethical responsibilities of a professionalEach week, the students spent two hours in class and two hours

Conference Session

ChE: Bioengineering, nanotechnology, and systems engineering in the Classroom

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University; Danielle Amatore, Oregon State University; Shoichi Kimura, Oregon State University; Alexandre Yokochi, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

features to promoteactive learning, including (1) hands-on activities and demonstrations, (2) the integrated use ofwireless laptops through an in-house developed web-based learning tool to promotemetacognition and assessment of student learning, and (3) a capstone ethics project wherestudents complete a risk assessment of the impact of nanotechnology on society. Additionally,this course will focus on synthesizing fundamental concepts in science and engineering towardsapplications in nanotechnology. The other new sophomore course, Material and Energy Balancesin Nanotechnology (ChE 214), is a ChE specific laboratory-based course, emphasizing how thefundamental skills students have just learned couple to nanotechnology. For ChE students, theapproach

Conference Session

Introductory Experiences in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Noelle K Comolli, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

chosen a different approach to this section,from teaching a broad overview using a seminar approach, to focusing on teachingspecific software necessary for future courses.Introduction to Chemical Engineering The department faculty has adapted a project-based learning approach due to thelarge success shown in many other similar introductory level courses(3-7). The goal was tointroduce different unit operations through a fun process example that was simple enoughfor the students to follow. The process needed to involve simple chemistry and provideopportunities for introducing different unit operations, teamwork, ethics andsustainability. The other challenge, due to lack of laboratory space, the process ideallywould not require the use of a

Conference Session

ABET and Curriculum-Level Assessments

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karyn L. Biasca, University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point; Steve Hill, University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

: Page 22.253.3  explain the operation of the industrial facility in which they worked  describe the professional skills they developed during their internship  demonstrate communication skills (written and oral)Initially, we also thought that the students’ experience would help them develop skills associatedwith the following ABET Student Outcomes: Students will demonstrate:  ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability  ability to function on multi-disciplinary teams

Conference Session

Virtual and Web Learning in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard A. Davis, University of Minnesota Duluth

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

of our industrial partners, we used the following threecriteria to narrow our selection of professional skills targeted in the online course. Professionalskills should be: • Valued by a broad spectrum of employers4 of our graduates • Essential for assimilating an engineering student into an industrial environment • Practical to be immediately effective on the jobFor our circumstances, ten professional development goals were established for an engineeringstudent to acquire during one semester-long (16 weeks) term of an industrial coop or internship: 1. Commit to personal and process safety. 2. Understand ethical and professional responsibilities (e.g., confidentiality, intellectual property, safety, punctuality, attitude

Conference Session

Work-in-Progress Oral Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jason R. White, University of California, Davis; Ahmet Palazoglu, University of California, Davis

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

senior design projects in the Plant Design Projectcourse.After the completion of the assignment, students were voluntarily surveyed to gauge theirperception of the effectiveness of the assignment as a measurement of their ability todevelop a preliminary design idea. They were also surveyed to measure their perceptionof how strongly the ABET outcomes for the course mapped to this assignment. Studentperformance on the assignment was assessed on the basis of the students ability to 1)communicate in writing effectively, 2) design a preliminary process to meet a societalneed within realistic constraints, 3) understand ethical responsibilities and potentialsafety issues, 4) understand the impact of the proposed design project in a global,environmental

Conference Session

ChE: Innovation in Existing Courses

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Silverstein, University of Kentucky

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

today,chemical engineering educators must be provided with current information pertinent to existingclasses that will empower tomorrow’s engineers to function effectively. A module developed to integrate topics in homeland security into a course in Ethics,Safety, and Professionalism is described. This module introduces students to the role ofgovernment, industry groups, and individual plants in maintaining as safe an environment asreasonably possible in an age of terrorism. The focus of the module is to tie elements of thecourse and curriculum previously discussed to a rapidly changing contemporary issue. Topicstied to the module include the role of government (executive and legislative roles and currentactivities in both with regard to

Conference Session

New Classrooms, New Challenges I: Novel Approaches to Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arthur Felse, Northwestern University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

. Consequently, a successful career forbio/chemical engineers will require an adequate functional knowledge of RC guidelines. Anexposure to RC guidelines and its implementation can help chemical engineering students tobecome more marketable and get a head start with their careers.It is important to prepare chemical engineering graduates who will grow to become goodcorporate citizens. Recent industrial disasters (such as Deepwater Horizon spill, Imperial SugarRefinery explosion, Alumia plant accident in Hungary, etc.) have all pointed to a breach in RCand the possibility of engineering personnel’s involvement in making the wrong decisions cannotbe ignored. Thus it is important to cultivate chemical engineers with strong ethics and

Conference Session

Focus on Capstone Experiences in the Chemical Engineering Curriculum

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Senra, Lafayette College; Scott Fogler, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Creative Skills 2 Defining the Problem, Gantt/Deployment Chart, Creative Skills 3 Problem Solving on the Job, Developing a Survey Defining the Problem, Kepner Tregoe (Problem Analysis, Situation Appraisal), Creative 4 Skills Exercise 5 Voice of the Customer, TRIZ, Entrepreneurship Kepner-Tregoe (Decision Analysis, Potential Problem Analysis), Implementation, 6 Evaluation 7 Midterm Project Presentations (Status Reports) 8 Fall Break, Ethics 9 Negotiation Skills, Having a

Conference Session

SPECIAL SESSION: Interdisciplinary Course Design Opportunities for Chemical Engineers

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William J. Kelly, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

presentations by VillanovaEngineering and Business faculty, as well as industry experts. The technical (molecules, processand equipment) and business (pharmaceutical economics, marketing and management basicswere covered by Villanova engineering and business faculty respectively. Experts from theindustry discussed current and complex issues facing the industry such as; drug manufacturingand marketing regulations in China, ethics and logistics of clinical trials in India and drug anti-counterfeiting efforts. The pedagogical approach included lecture, discussion, case analysis, andindustry focused projects.The purpose of this paper is to describe the benefits and challenges associated with this newcourse at Villanova. Two noteworthy and somewhat

Conference Session

ChemE Potpourri

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David L. Silverstein, University of Kentucky; Lisa G. Bullard, North Carolina State University; Margot A. Vigeant, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

 “Introduction to Chemical Engineering” by Solen and Harb  Case studies developed by the instructor or retained from their undergraduate studies  Previous AIChE Design Contest problems  CEP magazine, Science & Nature, catalysis journals, etc.  Cases from the National Society of Professional Engineers Board of Ethical Review (http://www.murdough.ttu.edu/cases/) or Kohn and Hughson, "Perplexing problems in engineering ethics," Chemical Engineering, May 5, 1980, p. 100-107.  Developed from materials that have been a part of senior capstone designSoftware usage by

Conference Session

Business and Professional Literacy Within Chemical Engineering

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kristen Ferris, University of New Mexico; Pil Kang, University of New Mexico; Madalyn Wilson-Fetrow, University of New Mexico; Vanessa Svihla, University of New Mexico; Eva Chi, University of New Mexico; Jamie Gomez, University of New Mexico; Yan Chen, University of New Mexico; Susannah C. Davis, University of New Mexico; Sang M. Han, University of New Mexico; Abhaya K. Datye, University of New Mexico

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

characterization and nanomaterials synthesis. His research group has pioneered the development of electron microscopy tools for the study of catalysts. American c Society for Engineering Education, 2021Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Care in Chemical EngineeringAbstractResearch suggests that the ethic of care is a key ingredient to learner-centered teaching and cansupport diverse student success [1]. Faculty may feel they show care through rigor, by holding ahigh standard and providing critical feedback to prepare students for harsh work environments.Students, especially from groups underrepresented in engineering, may interpret this stance asinformation indicating that they do

Conference Session

Work in Progress: Assessment, Evaluation and Hands-on Activities

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Lucas James Landherr, Northeastern University; Nicole Joy Sweeney, Complexly

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

engineering in 46 episodes of approximately 10 minuteseach. Over the course of the series, the origin of each branch of engineering was discussed,followed by discussion of core concepts of conservation, thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, heatand mass transfer, materials, statics, safety and ethics. The series then described applications ofthe different engineering fields, including robotics, genetic engineering, and signal processing, aswell as specific extensions of core engineering fields, such as transportation and geotechnicalengineering. The series concluded with an explanation of engineering design, careers inengineering, and the future problems to be solved. The authors of this paper were part of the collaboration in the development and

Conference Session

Using Communication and Writing Techniques to Improve Student Learning

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shannon Ciston, University of California, Berkeley; Sean Poust, University of California-Berkeley

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

-2014 academic year.Technical Communications for Chemical Engineers is a three-credit, one-semester course thatmeets twice a week for 80 minutes each meeting. During the first four semesters ofimplementation, one faculty instructor has taught both sections each semester, with one graduateteaching assistant per semester supporting both sections of the course. The class meets inclassrooms equipped with a chalkboard plus a media station for projecting presentations files andvideos. The course is supported with an online course management system for file and resourcesharing. ABET student outcomes f (an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility)and g (an ability to communicate effectively) are supported by this course. The full set of

Conference Session

New Classrooms, New Challenges II: Assessing Non-traditional Approaches

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Cooper, North Carolina State University; Lisa G. Bullard, North Carolina State University; Steven W. Peretti, North Carolina State University; David F. Ollis, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

integrity.” • “I don't want this to turn into some kind of witch-hunt where I have to defend myself for even writing a similar sentence.”These comments reflect the views espoused in other literature on the use of Turnitin6. However,in the selected sample of ChE students, these views were in the minority as indicated by thesmall fraction (<10%) of negative responses from each class. It is suggested by the authors thatthe focus of this particular ChE department on ethics throughout the curriculum may inform themore tolerant nature of students’ views toward their instructor using plagiarism screeningsoftware. Similar views have also been described in other studies pertaining to non-engineeringstudents8, 9.A considerable fraction of students

Conference Session

Bringing Industrial Applications into the Classroom

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Margot A Vigeant, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

processes as well as with the large-scale unitoperations used to implement them industrially. Students are also expected to engagewith the extensive regulatory, political, and ethical environment surrounding foodproduction and policy. The five problems on which the course is based span keyelements of food chemistry such as reduction, emulsification, crystallization,pasteurization, and fermentation. The course concludes with a final “free- choice”project where students propose a new product not currently available in stores, and also ajust for fun ‘Iron Chef’-style competition. Student work demonstrates that the courseobjectives are being achieved.BackgroundMotivationStudents’ interest in the technical aspects of food is at a peak, inspired by the

Conference Session

New Trends in CHE Education II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sundararajan Madihally, Oklahoma State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

. (A) Photograph of a graduate student presenter dressed in the traditional clothing . (B) Photograph displaying of some Page 14.79.5 of the paraphernalia utilized during various occasions.services office which typically advices international student organizations. These students couldbe invited to give presentations.4. Other soft skills. There are a number of other soft skills such as ethics, legal studies

Conference Session

Works-in-Progress Postcard Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brittany Lynn Butler; Daniel D. Anastasio, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Daniel D. Burkey, University of Connecticut; Matthew Cooper, North Carolina State University; Cheryl A Bodnar, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Phenomena, Professional Development / Ethics and Mathematical / Compu- tational Methods. He is the recipient of various teaching and educational research awards, including the 2015 Raymond W. Fahien Award from the ASEE Chemical Engineering Division. Dr. Cooper’s research interests include effective teaching and assessment, conceptual and inductive learning, integrating writing and speaking into the curriculum and professional ethics.Dr. Cheryl A Bodnar, Rowan University Cheryl A. Bodnar, Ph.D., CTDP is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Experiential Engineering Education at Rowan University. Dr. Bodnar’s research interests relate to the incorporation of active learn- ing techniques in undergraduate classes as