Conference Session

Teams and Teamwork in Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Senay Purzer, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

observing all teams when teaching and providing feedback on theirprocesses, a metacognitive structure was used to engage students in self reflection and groupprocessing. The MERIT kit has three key components that are designed to address commonchallenges we face in teaching and assessing collaborative learning and teaming skills. Thesethree components are: (a) “Vicarious Learning Experiences” using case study videos (e.g., PBSDesign Squad clips) along with group processing with MERIT cards, (b) the “I Know My TeamMembers” document, and (c) a “Performance Assessment Task” used for pre and postevaluation. Next steps, in the validation of the MERIT kit, is wide dissemination and evaluationof the kit in supporting individual student learning.Factors

Conference Session

Design Projects across the Curriculum

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kimberly Warners, Western Michigan University; Britney Richmond, Western Michigan University; Adam Eaton, Western Michigan University; Andrew Kline, Western Michigan University; Betsy Aller, Western Michigan University; Edmund Tsang, Western Michigan University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

. With experiential education,young students have the opportunity to learn by doing in-class experiments. The goal of theWestern Michigan University (WMU) student team was to design and construct an apparatus tobe used in a K-12 classroom that properly displays the properties of light as they occur in nature.The reflection, refraction, transmittance and absorption properties of light are recurrently shownin textbooks as if they occur individually, while in reality they occur simultaneously. Based onthe expressed need of a local middle school teacher for such a device, the team drafted designs asan assignment in an entry-level freshman engineering course. After one design was decidedupon, the device itself was produced, and given to the teacher

Conference Session

Design Projects across the Curriculum

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dan Cernusca, Missouri University of Science and Technology; Ghulam Bham, Missouri University of Science and Technology

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

instructional redesign process. Two majorcharacteristics of threshold concepts, integrativity and transformativity were used to identifyhorizontal alignment candidate-concept for the highway design process.Using concept maps generated as guides through the integrativity of learning associated with thehorizontal alignment, several adjustments to the structure of lecture materials and project taskswere made. In addition, reflective assessment items were administered after each redesignedinstructional task and at the end of the course. Students’ answers to these reflective assessmentshelped identifying trends associated with the transformativity of horizontal alignment in thecontext of highway design. The analysis of students’ reflective assessment

Conference Session

Assessment and Evaluation in Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Regina Hannemann, University of Kentucky

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

description is expected to be more elaborate than in theproposal and there is also the added section of a project reflection, which is not usually part of atechnical report but should give the students the opportunity to reflect on their project and thework they have done during the semester.For the past two semesters the students have been required to schedule feedback sessions withthe Writing Center. The Writing Center assists students, faculty, and staff with the process ofwriting in any discipline and for any purpose. They usually offer free individual and groupconsultations on any writing project at any stage in the writing process. For our senior designcourse we have a special set up so that the teams will have a preferred time slot where they

Conference Session

Assessment and Evaluation in Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Steiner, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Junichi Kanai, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Richard Alben, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Lester Gerhardt, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Cheng Hsu, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

conducted course surveys at a project level as measured by theIDEA Diagnostic Form Report8. We obtained results for 15 teams in Fall 2008 and 20 teams inSpring 2009 where the average IDEA Survey response rate was 70% for a total of 168 studentsreporting across both semesters. As discussed next, we have used these survey data together withinformation from student reflective memos, to gain insights into the effects of the three coursechanges. Page 15.42.7Project Level Course OrganizationConducting course evaluations at a project team level has provided additional insight on theimportance of teamwork as a learning objective for multidisciplinary

Conference Session

Assessment and Evaluation in Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mysore Narayanan, Miami University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

with the responsibilityof promoting interest and enthusiasm for learning. Instructors are also encouraged to act ascognitive coaches who can nurture an environment that can support open inquiry (Barrows,2000). It is important that the aims and objectives of problem-based learning be reflected inevery aspect of the learning environment created. Problem-based curriculum should documentaccomplishments at the upper levels of Bloom's Taxonomy Triangle (Boud & Feletti, 1991).Scholars in the area of cognitive science and educational psychology have identified fourfeatures that clearly separate a problem-based curriculum from a traditional, topic-basedcurriculum (Nickerson, et. al. 1985). In this presentation, the author describes how he

Conference Session

Capstone Design Pedagogy I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Pembridge, Virginia Tech; Marie Paretti, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

: Comparison to Previous StudiesThe survey replicated several items from the 1994 and 2005 surveys to monitor trends acrosscapstone design curricula. Replicated topics included discipline of the respondent, structure andduration of the course, project details, and topics covered in class. Although the items werereplicated, some questions appeared in different formats in the 2009 survey. In particular, severalquestions used a “check all that apply” structure (based on pilot testing of the instrument11); as aresult, some responses from the 2009 data show a total of above 100%. In addition, the resultsfrom the previous studies were obtained from publications rather than from raw data. As such,the comparisons reflect a descriptive view of trends but

Conference Session

Capstone Design Pedagogy II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carla Zoltowski, Purdue University; William Oakes, Purdue University; Steve Chenoweth, Rose Hulman Institute Of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

community, especially needs of thosewho are under-served. It is reciprocal in nature, valuing the partnership and recognizing theexpertise brought by the community partner. It also includes reflection, which has been shownto enhance learning across academic subjects12. Giles and Eyler (1999)13 found that the majorityof students surveyed reported they learned more, understood more, and were motivated inservice-learning courses.While engineering has been slower to adopt service-learning than many other disciplines, there issignificant and growing increase in service-learning within engineering. Curricular models ofservice-learning, such as the EPICS Program, have been adopted at several universities as well asextra-curricular models such as Engineers

Conference Session

Teams and Teamwork in Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen Laguette, University of California-Santa Barbara

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

team may be more likely to occur.This paper will address the experiences and the evolution of project team formation and thestudent selection process. It has now evolved to include an online process that allows the studentto identify individual preferred project selections. The process also includes the ability to captureindividual student academic and career interests as well as the expertise that may be offeredtowards the project and team.Typical class size is between 75 and 110 senior ME students resulting in 15 to 22 projects andteams each year. The Capstone projects include Industry Partnered, Research Partnered, StudentCompetitions, and Independently created projects. The Capstone projects reflect the technicalexpertise of the department

Conference Session

Early Engineering Design Experiences

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Prins, James Madison University; Eric Pappas, James Madison University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

objective of this Engineering 112 project is to introduce students to anindividualized design process. A secondary, but nonetheless important, objective is to introducestudents to sustainability in four contexts (environmental, social, economic, and technical).Since students had no experience with the design process (but had been introduced to problemsolving processes earlier in the semester), our approach was fairly strict: Each student had tofollow the prescribed cognitive approach to developing a design, which included structuredproblem solving, visualization, drawing, and reflection to build a product that would solve aproblem with his or her dormitory room. We asked students to examine their rooms looking for“design flaws” or problems they had

Conference Session

Assessment and Evaluation in Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kristen Facciol, University of Toronto; Lisa Romkey, University of Toronto; Jason Foster, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

AC 2010-2142: DESIGN OF AN INSTRUMENT TO ASSESS UNDERSTANDING OFENGINEERING DESIGNKristen Facciol, University of TorontoLisa Romkey, University of TorontoJason Foster, University of Toronto Page 15.360.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2010 Design of an Instrument to Assess Understanding of Engineering Design Division of Engineering Science, University of TorontoAbstractEngineering design education is an important element of any undergraduate engineeringcurriculum. It is also an element undergoing constant evolution, reflecting the rapidly evolvingneeds of engineering industry and academia

Conference Session

Teams and Teamwork in Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yogesh Velankar, Purdue University; Sean Brophy, Purdue University; Masataka Okutsu, Purdue University; Daniel Delaurentis, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

. Collect team answer sheet 7. Provide correct responses 8. Students self grading- compare individual average scores and team based average scores 9. Team reflection and reworking the incorrect responses 10. Collect all remaining materials and end the sessionAnalysisIn this section, we present a description and analysis of selected episodes from the recordedobservational data of the two teams working on the rocket configuration quest. These episodeswere selected as they relate to our research goals to determine the major events teamstransitioned through to select a shared team answer. Our unit of analysis is at the team level.Team A spent a bulk of their time in negotiating a response to Q.1., and team B had extensiveinteraction negotiating

Conference Session

Creativity and Innovation in Engineering Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christina White, Columbia University; Austin Talley, University of Texas, Austin; Daniel Jensen, United States Air Force Academy; Kristin Wood, George Washington University; Andy Szmerekovsky, US Air Force Academy; Richard Crawford, University of Texas at Austin

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

that we provided in the CG suiteresources and the majority of the teams included their own research of a historical innovator(Appendix B). In their reflections about the direct inspiration that historical innovators providethem with during their design process, a number of teams indicated that their historical innovatorwas the impetus for their final innovative design. The diversity in inventors supports ourinclination to consider demographics to include many types of people in our CG suite. Indeed,the diversity and interests represented by the students across gender, year of study, and ethnicitywould not have been addressed without a more diverse set of historical innovators. Table 1illustrates the design inventions and the corresponding

Conference Session

Creativity and Innovation in Engineering Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Micah Lande, Stanford University; Larry Leifer, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

that were generatedat the end of fall, winter, and spring quarters for 2007-2009.The teams of mechanical engineering graduate students were observed during regular teammeetings and their project reports analyzed. A researcher sat in on weekly team meetings andclass presentations, gathering qualitative notes in situ (audio recordings and a subset of sessionswere transcribed). Interim project reports detailing the design development of their work as wellas the final specifications of their project were analyzed, a coding scheme using these student-reported reflections was used to map the student’s experience to the Ambidextrous Way ofThinking metric (Figure 3) combining Design Thinking and Engineering Thinking activities anddesign process steps

Conference Session

The Best of Design in Engineering Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christopher Williams, Virginia Tech; Erin Crede, Virginia Tech; Janis Terpenny, Virginia Tech; Richard Goff, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

AC 2010-2201: EFFECTS OF STUDENT-CUSTOMER INTERACTION IN ACORNERSTONE DESIGN PROJECTChristopher Williams, Virginia Tech Christopher B. Williams is an Assistant Professor at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, where he directs the Design, Research, and Education for Additive Manufacturing Systems (DREAMS) Laboratory. His joint appointment in the Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Education departments reflects his diverse research interests which include layered manufacturing, design methodology, and design education. As a member of an instructional team that orchestrated a service-learning design project for the first-year engineering program, Professor

Conference Session

Capstone Design Projects

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yuyi Lin, University of Missouri

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

below showedthe scores of these four design teams.Table 1. Team Scores in Project Presentation Team Name Scores1 Collecting energy from exercise bike 78/1002 Harvesting energy from walking 92/1003 Fuel log made from biomass 61.5/1004 Fuel gas generation from biomass 82.5/100The scores reflect and support our judgment, which is summarized as follows:1. The re-creation of simple, commercialized designs is not a good idea for capstone design projects. Even with a simple commercial product, limited time

Conference Session

Capstone Design Projects

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Dawson, York College of Pennsylvania; Stephen Kuchnicki, York College of Pennsylvania

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

,modifications made to the course, an overview of the Assessment Evaluation Forms, andproposed actions for course improvement. This method has proven to be effective in helpingfaculty members reflect on teaching methods and develop strategies for course improvement.An example of an Assessment Evaluation Form is shown in Figure 1. It has several sections,starting with the instructor’s evaluation of the level of difficulty of the assignment (easy,moderate, or difficult). Next, the instructor writes a description of how they expected students toperform on the task. Observational notes are then written which evaluate student performanceon the task, including quantifying the number of students exceeding (E), meeting (M), or below(B) expectations. An overall

Conference Session

Assessment and Evaluation in Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Lockwood, University of Calgary; Daryl Caswell, University of Calgary; Marjan Eggermont, University of Calgary

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

and evaluation scheme.While this might appear counter-intuitive, one of the most common complaints about thecourse was the lack of understanding about how expectations were communicated andhow work was evaluated. As grades are, in the common-core year, of utmost importance, Page 15.1209.5as they determine acceptance into second-year programs, most students are fairly grade-focused.The student frustration with the expectations and evaluations was clearly reflected in theUSRI or student feedback scores. The University uses a seven point scale, where 1 ispoor, and 7 is excellent, for evaluation. The key questions influencing the redevelopmentwere two

Conference Session

Communication in Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patricia Mellodge, University of Hartford; Fouad El Khoury, University of Hartford

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

technology in a professional setting.Within engineering education, wikis have been used in several ways at several different levels.One example is the creation of ePortfolios in a freshman engineering design course8. Thestudents were given writing assignments in which they reflected on the human implications ofdesign. Another example can be found in a team-based capstone design project in which thewiki was used to document social knowledge and assess group performance9. A third example isa student-written online textbook5. In a senior level chemical engineering process controlscourse, an open-source text was written, edited, and reviewed by the students to allow them tolearn the course content though teaching it.This paper describes the use of a

Conference Session

Design with External Clients

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven Fleishman, Western Washington University; Eric Leonhardt, Western Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

contribute to greater fuel economy. Unique design and fabricationtechniques for high performance structural composites will be utilized to reduce curb weight by30-50%, when compared to conventional steel chassis design benchmarks. Self-imposedmandates adopted by the WWU R&D team include design and manufacturing sustainabilityfocus, which are reflected in all architectural, materials selection, and manufacturing processdecisions. An additional design goal targets the ability to use a range of alternative fuels by usinga modular hybrid powertrain and open source control strategies that enable utilization of regionalfeedstocks available to the purchaser. The hybrid bus project combines undergraduate Vehicle Design students withEngineering

Conference Session

The Best of Design in Engineering Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gay Lemons, Tufts University; Adam Carberry, Tufts University; Chris Swan, Tufts University; Chris Rogers, Tufts University; Linda Jarvin, Tufts University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

the participants to choose whichever activities they thoughtmight help them formulate a solution. The purpose of offering the diverse choices was to observeif students could cull the important information needed to solve the design task. Whenparticipants completed the design task, they were asked to write a short reflection paper of theirexperience. Photos were taken of their prototypes.LEGO® pieces were used in building the prototype. When subjects chose the Build a prototypecard, they were handed a kit of LEGO pieces and instructed to use the pieces simply to get theiridea across, and not be overly concerned with any challenges arising from the materials. Whilethe functionality of the pieces did not allow for heavy force to be used in

Conference Session

Early Engineering Design Experiences

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Garrett Clayton, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

, “What steps did you follow as you built your … (truss structure for example)?”Students are given time to reflect on this question both individually and in groups. Each group isthen asked to make a list of steps it followed when solving the design problem. In doing this,they are developing a model of the engineering design process they followed. Finally, the studentteams are asked to share their individual design models with the class.Some example design models that may result from this exercise are shown below. Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Draw out a design Build Look at materials Build design Test

Conference Session

Capstone Design Pedagogy II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rui (Celia) Pan, Purdue University; Shih-Ping Kuo, Purdue University; Johannes Strobel, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

). Heuristic decision procedures, open constraints, and the structure ofill-defined problems. In M.W. Shelly & G.L. Bryan (Eds.), Human judgements and optimality. NewYork: Wiley.30. Radcliffe, D., & Lee, T.Y. (1989). Design methods used by undergraduate engineering students.Design studies, 10(4), 199-207.31. Simon, H.A. (1973). The structure of ill-structured problems. Artificial Intelligence, 4, 181-201.32. Schon, D. (1983). The reflective practitioner Temple-Smith, London.33. Visser, W. (2006). The cognitive artifacts of designing. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.34. Won, P. H. (2001). The comparison between visual thinking using computer andconventional media in the concept generation stages in design. Automation in Construction, 10,319-325.35

Conference Session

Teams and Teamwork in Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hugh Jack, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

years. Over that time the complexity ofthe projects has increased as the faculty and curriculum have been refined. As part of that processthe faculty have accumulated a wealth of knowledge about projects in general. Every project hasproblems, but some more than others. There are many lessoned to be learned by the failures. The Page 15.84.3work in this paper reflects the wealth of knowledge from project experiences. To state the obvi-ous, designers count on experience to make good decisions. This experience is obtained by mak-ing decisions and seeing the outcomes. Good outcomes reinforce the correctness of decisions,errors provide ‘opportunities

Conference Session

Capstone Design Pedagogy I

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Howard Eisner, George Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

the institution’s premises. It has also been clear that the costs ofmarketing cohort programs have been less than the open enrollment programs. The reason: oncea program is accepted by an institution, it tends to continue and does not have to be “re-sold”year after year. Finally, the institution is able to track progress and get more involved in a cohortprogram by its very nature. Since all students are from the same institution, its needs can be moreaccurately reflected in the choice of courses, and they can be assured that all students haveexperienced the same subject matter delivery. There are perceived disadvantages that have been raised by some, from time to time. One hasto do with cost and price, and some have argued that all courses

Conference Session

Design with External Clients

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ismail Orabi, University of New Haven

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

is based on feedback from coaches and sponsors or clients. 7. Peer Evaluations: Since the class is divided into groups, an overall grade is determined for the group performance. Sometimes it is necessary to make differentiations within the group to make sure the individual grades reflect each person's contributions. Each group is to submit a group self-evaluation.ResultsTwo surveys were conducted at the end of the semester. The first survey is designed to Page 15.503.5measure the team effectiveness and performance. The second part of the survey is designed tomeasure individual performance and contribution to the team’s

Conference Session

Communication in Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kristen Eichhorn, SUNY Oswego; Cara Thompson, SUNY Oswego; David Vampola, SUNY Oswego; Fritz Messere, SUNY Oswego; Rachid Manseur, SUNY-Oswego

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

of assessment involves both the long-term reflections of students about theirlearning experiences, and capturing what they learn into some persisting structure. A methodthat has gained considerable acceptance among assessment analysts is the use of e-portfolios. 22 Page 15.736.7Students will be introduced to e-portfolios in one of the core communication courses in their firstyear, with it being periodically updated over the course of their studies. The obvious positiveresults of using e-portfolios are that the progress of students can be evaluated over time, and thatthe students themselves have an awareness of the continuity of their studies

Conference Session

Creativity and Innovation in Engineering Design

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Geoff Wright; Paul Skaggs, Brigham Young University; Richard Fry, Brigham Young University; Brian Howell, Brigham Young University; Richard West, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

inculcatethe principles and techniques of innovation. Awards were provided to the top three teams. Beforethe Innovation Boot Camp was completed, there was a final summary discussion session wherestudents were asked to share their reflections of the Innovation Boot Camp, and to identify if,how, and what they learned and developed. At then end of the evening students were given asecond Torrance Creativity Test – which we would later grade and compare with their resultsfrom when they first took the Creativity Test. Exit surveys were emailed to each student at theconclusion of the Innovation Boot Camp. Additionally, several students were randomly selected

Conference Session

The Best of Design in Engineering Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Cole, Northwestern University; Ann McKenna, Northwestern University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

report, and were more likely to support theirdesign decisions with CADEX evidence in the final report. At the beginning stages of the designprocess students were more likely to support their choices with information they gathered fromliterature and expert sources, and this was reflected in the evidence provided in the midtermprogress reports. In the final report, students’ evidence was provided as knowledge transferredfrom prior courses in calculations and as plots and calculations stemming from the students’observations and experiments. By the end of the course, students were equally as likely to relyon their own work or seek out the work of others to support their choices.To further study the knowledge students use in decision making, we would

Conference Session

Capstone Design Pedagogy II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

M. Reza Emami, University of Toronto; Michael G. Helander, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

the performance ofindividual teams throughout the course. Students that extensively used the Team Sites,particularly the Collaboration tools in addition to the shared document libraries, tended to have abetter performance in the course, reflected in both their assessment and physical prototype.However, it is unclear if the Team Sites contributed to the success of the teams, or rather thatsuccessful teams were more willing to make use of the Team Site features.The second most commonly used feature of the eDesign Portal was the Application Publishingmodule. In particular, students reported that remote access to engineering design and simulationapplications was very convenient when off campus (e.g., from a home computer). Although theremote