support girls’development of awareness, understanding and interest in engineering. Research can be extendedto investigate the impact of parents for other underrepresented groups.AcknowledgementsThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No.HRD-1136253 and EEC 1129342. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendationsexpressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views ofthe National Science Foundation. Meagan Pollock is supported through the National ScienceFoundation Graduate Research Fellowship program. This work was also supported by INSPIRE,Purdue’s Institute for P-12 Engineering Research and Learning. We would also like toacknowledge the
belong there, I don’t feel like I connect with the school … I just have that mentality of, “I just need to go through this part. I’m just passing by” … And I’m fine with that, that doesn’t bother me anymore [interview 4]Decades of research focused on college student’s college departure affirm that students are morelikely to withdraw from their institution, all together, when they are not sufficiently integratedsocially and academically [31]–[38]. Kitatoi’s resignment to “just passing by” and her lack ofconnectedness with the institution are worrisome. Seymour and Hewitt [39] and Marra et al.’s [40]work emphasized that women who leave STEM disciplines decide to switch into non-engineeringdegree programs due to feeling as though they didn’t
? response describes their action(s) relevant to the situation Why? Any specific examples where you and task. used verbal communication to articulate an 3. Results - rate the degree to which the student's important point? Were you successful? response describes the results of their actions. Any specific examples where you used written communication to articulate and important point or communicate something important? Were you successful?3.2 Qualitative AnalysisToward understanding the ways in which student mock interview responses may have changedfrom pre to post, we conducted a qualitative analysis of the interview
, “Students’ agency beliefs involve how students see andthink about STEM as a way to better themselves and the world along with being a critic ofthemselves and science in general [20, p. 939]. The critical thinking perspective is intimately tiedto engineering agency beliefs, where students become “evaluator[s] of STEM as well as becomecritics of themselves and the world around them through self-reflection” [39, p. 13]. In essence,agency beliefs in this framework are based on a spectrum of how students view engineering as away to change their world or the world at large.Most agentic frameworks in engineering education used qualitative research methods. However,Godwin and colleagues [40] and Verdín and Godwin [41] used quantitative measures to
found allthree cost subscales were significantly and negatively related with students’ intentions to persistin science, with the effort subscale having the strongest negative relationship with persistence.Informed by Perez et al.’s evidence of potential multidimensionality of the cost construct, Flakeet al.21 developed a new cost scale intended for broader use in an academic context. Similar tothe scale developed by Perez and colleagues, Flake et al.’s scale included task effort, loss ofvalued alternatives cost, and emotional cost. Flake et al. also suggested a new dimension, thecost of outside efforts, related to other demands on an individuals’ time and energy that mayincrease the cost associated with a particular task. Their preliminary
intelligent tutoring systems and peer collaboration. In B. P. Woolf, E. Aimeur, R. Nkambou, & S. Lajoie (Eds.), Intelligent tutoring systems (pp. 636–645). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: IOS.[6] Menekse, M., Stump, G., Krause, S., & Chi, M. T. H. (2013). Differentiated overt learning activities for effective instruction in engineering classrooms. Journal of Engineering Education, 102, 346–374.[7] Freeman, S., Eddy, S. L., McDonough, M., Smith, M. K., Okoroafor, N., Jordt, H., & Wenderoth, M. P. (2014). Active learning increases student performance in science, engineering, and mathematics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(23), 8410-8415.[8] Hora, M. T., & Ferrare, J. J. (2013
to the Reflection Tool QuestionsAn excerpt of the responses Instructor 1 gave during the interview is summarized below in Table2. The comparisons to student responses are also listed, which includes only the top responses(or top two if the difference in number of responses was 2 or less). A discussion of thecomparison of the two responses follows Table 2.Table 2: Instructor 1’s perception of student responses to reflection questions in the Engineering Page 22.351.6Economic Analysis CourseReflection Tool Questions Instructor 1 perception MEA specifics Comparison to
most interesting emerging trend is students’ conception of what anengineer is and does. In response to the question “How would you define "engineer"?”, themost common words students (n = 641) used were “problem[s]” (n = 398, 62%) and “solv[e,er, ing]” (342, 53%). Strikingly, only 2 responses mentioned “research” and only 2mentioned “stud[y, ies]”. This result suggests that students do not consider research as part ofengineering work or identity.Furthermore, coursework, and particularly “real-world” or applied projects and problems,seems to be students’ primary experience with engineering work and identity. In the question“Please describe an experience that made you feel like an engineer,” students (n = 498)mentioned “course[s, work]”/”class[es
Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering: 2011, National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA.[6] Seymour, E. and Hewitt, N.M. 1997. Talking about leaving: Why undergraduates leave the sciences, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.[7] Rovai, A. P. 2002. “Development of an instrument to measure classroom community.” The Internet and Higher Education, 5(3), pp. 197-211.[8] Courter, S. S., Millar, S. B., and Lyons, L. 1998. “From the students' point of view: Experiences in a freshman engineering design course.” Journal of engineering education, 87(3), pp. 283-288.[9] Smith, M. K., Jones, F. H., Gilbert, S. L., and Wieman, C. E. 2013. “The Classroom Observation Protocol for Undergraduate STEM (COPUS): A new
) professionals is significantly disproportionate to minority representation inthe U.S. general population and workforce, thereby impacting the current pool of primarilyWhite male STEM professionals’ ability to meet the rapidly changing demands facing theengineering industry. Instead, the U.S. must increase the numbers of women and minorities(defined for the purpose of this study as African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans)that earn degrees in STEM fields not just at the baccalaureate level, but at all levels1.Minorities, particularly African Americans, are showing an increase in enrollment andsubsequent degree attainment in science and engineering (S&E)1. Data from 1987 and 2000show an increase in the percentage of S&E degrees awarded
Reformulate 3 Generating Documentation and Data Management Controlling Storing DistributingAs mentioned, the need analysis stage is regarded as the most important part of the designprocess. It is a process of problem finding and representing as opposed to problem solving. It isdivided into three (3) phases: identification, representation and communication. These divisionsare based on Karuppoor et al.27’s design philosophy, emphasizing the
experience in computing improves computing self-efficacy.Universities should obtain this data from students to identify when material should beadded to a course that allows all students to be brought up to speed on their computingskills before launching into STEM-based majors. Future investigations utilizing this toolwill attempt to understand the impact of computing self-efficacy on student performance,i.e. time to complete a task and academic achievement.Bibliography1. Bandura, A. 1995. “Self-Efficacy in Changing Societies.” Cambridge University Press.2. Bandura, A. 1997. “Self-efficacy: The exercise of control.” New York, NY: W.H. Freeman and Company.3. Baker, D., Krause S., and Purzer S. Y. 2008. “Developing an instrument to measure
outcomes. Engineering a welcoming space where women canfind each other—to lean on and learn from each other—seems like a good place to start.AcknowledgementsThis work was funded by the Institute for Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, and Access in the GraingerCollege of Engineering, University of Illinois, grant number GIANT202005.References [1] J. Ehrlinger, E. A. Plant, M. K. Hartwig, J. J. Vossen, C. J. Columb, and L. E. Brewer, “Do gender differences in perceived prototypical computer scientists and engineers contribute to gender gaps in computer science and engineering?” Sex roles, vol. 78, no. 1, pp. 40–51, 2018. [2] J. Hunt, “Why do women leave science and engineering?” ILR Review, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 199–226, 2016. [3] S. S. Silbey
strategies and style). Presumably,improved instructional support would mitigate the damaging impact of negative perceptions such asstereotype threat (Steele & Aronson, 1995) or avoidance orientation (Midgely, 2001) that limitengagement, and at the same time support student tendencies related to cultural norms and practices.Future research that can untangle the complex combination of these factors can provide new insights intohow to support UREM’s in engineering education contexts. ReferencesBenson, L., Kirn, A., & Faber, C. (2013, June). CAREER: Student motivation and learning in engineering. In ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings.Borrego, M., Cutler, S., Prince, M., Henderson, C., &
Paper ID #26249Knowledge in the Making: What Engineering Students are Learning in Mak-erspacesDr. Louis S. Nadelson, University of Central Arkansas Louis S. Nadelson has a BS from Colorado State University, a BA from the Evergreen State College, a MEd from Western Washington University, and a PhD in educational psychology from UNLV. His scholarly interests include all areas of STEM teaching and learning, inservice and preservice teacher pro- fessional development, program evaluation, multidisciplinary research, and conceptual change. Nadelson uses his over 20 years of high school and college math, science, computer science
research into engineering identity is the extent to which it reflects a commitment toengineering as a career [19]. Nora et al.’s model leads to the proposition that engineering identityis an intermediate outcome preceding the decision to reenroll, and increasing degree productivityhas become an important policy goal for the field of engineering [1]. Figure 1 depicts theconceptual framework of this study.Nora et al.’s model also identifies and organizes other factors that affect students’ decisions topersist in their studies [14]. These factors also impact student persistence. Differences have beenobserved among students based on their background characteristics in terms of their likelihood ofbeing retained, such as gender, underrepresented racial
Conference & Exposition, Vancouver, Canada. Page 26.629.11 [4] Meyers, K. L., Ohland, M. W., Pawley, A. L., Silliman, S. E., Smith, K. A. (2012). Factors relating to engineering identity. Global Journal of Engineering Education, 14, 119-131.[5] Tonso, K. L. (2006). Student engineers and engineer identity: Campus engineer identities as figured world. Cultural Studies of Science Education, 1, 273.[6] Camacho, M. M., & Lord, S. M. (2011). Quebrando Fronteras: Among Latino and Latina undergraduate engineers. Journal of Hispanic Higher Education, 10, 134-146.[7] Pew Research Center: U.S
different disciplines. Finally, it could be that the student engagement survey does not capture all facets of student engagement, specifically within the domain of engineering. In the future, a different measure of student engagement could be used to see if these relationships hold true.[1] A. Wigfield, and J. S. Eccles, "Expectancy–value theory of achievement motivation," in Contemporaryeducational psychology, vol. 25.1, 2000, pp. 68-81.[2] J. S. Eccles, T. F. Adle, R. Futterman, S. B. Goff, C. M. Kaczala, J. L. Meece, and C. Midgley,"Expectancies, values, and academic behaviors" in Achievement and achievement motives: Psychologicaland sociological approaches, J. T. Spence Eds. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company. 1983, pp. 75–138.[3] K
theory or concept based questions as opposed toproblem or application questions). In cases where the instructor notices lack of depth in thequestions, they can stimulate the discussion by injecting deeper questions on Piazza withoutproviding the answer.Stage 2 - Learning: The second phase, learning, happens periodically throughout the term in theday(s) before upcoming mini-tests. Students are given a schedule of when mini-tests occur at thestart of the semester. In this phase, discussion on Piazza is frozen, and students are given theopportunity to study each other’s questions in preparation for the mini-test.Stage 3 - Quiz: In the third phase students are required to take the test (individually), where thequestions in the quiz will be only from
Career Development model is based on a life-long process where individualsreflect on their changing self concepts as they pass through stages of growth, exploration,establishment, maintenance, and disengagement with each career decision and transition. 6, 7Super used the “growth” and “exploration” stages to develop a children’s model that he believed“contribute[s] to career awareness and decision making”. 8 This model includes stages of Page 25.907.3curiosity, exploration, using occupational information, identifying helpful people, naming likesand dislikes, recognizing locus of control, and understanding one’s self-concept. 8Identifying helpful
everyday experiences.into sub-factors. Second, to come up with multidimensional scales of Engineering-related Beliefsitems, a content validity test was conducted.Systematic Literature ReviewWe selected three representative journals of engineering education: such as Journal ofEngineering Education (JEE), European Journal of Engineering Education (EJEE), andInternational Journal of Engineering Education (IJEE). The search for JEE and IJEE wereperformed in Web of Science (up to January 2012) with the following search terms: "beliefs" or"perception" or "understanding" – AND – "survey" or "test(s)" or "questionnaire" or "scale"–AND – journal name (i.e. “Journal of Engineering Education”, “International Journal ofEngineering Education”). The search for
discussion ofwhat it takes to make sense of nanoscale phenomena. This discussion could lead touncovering what Wiggins and McTighe 2 called the “enduring understanding” of acontent area together with potential effective pedagogical approaches. This model couldultimately lead to integrating the enduring understandings needed to make sense ofnanoscale phenomena with effective pedagogical methods. We hope that this modelmight become a framework for the design of nanoscale science and engineering curricula.AcknowledgmentsWe thank the seven researchers who volunteered their precious time to be interviewed forthis study. References: 1 M. C. Roco, W. S. Bainbridge, Journal of Nanoparticle Research 2005, 7, 1--13.2 G. Wiggins, J. McTighe
, dissemination, and institutionalization of a college level initiative Springer; 2008.4. Prince M. Does active learning work? A review of the research. Journal of Engineering Education. 2004;93(3):223-231.5. Seymour E, Hewitt NM. Talking about leaving: Why undergraduates leave the sciences. Boulder, CO: Westview Press; 1997.6. Tobias S. They’re not dumb, they’re different: Stalking the second tier. Tucson, AZ: Research Corporation; 1990. Page 24.1120.107. Smith K, Sheppard S, Johnson D, Johnson R. Pedagogies of engagement: Classroom-based practices. Journal of Engineering Education. 2005;94(1):87-101.8
-domain tasks in theprocess of solving-problem, indicating in step 8 “Take pride in your solution,” and step 9“Prevent future occurrences of this problem.” Page 23.1261.14References 1. Axton, T. R., Doverspike, D., Park, S. R., & Barrett, G. V. (1997). A model of the information-processing and cognitive ability requirements for mechanical troubleshooting. Int. J. Cogn. Ergon. 1(3): 245–266. 2. Brown, J. S., Burton, R. R., Bell, A. G. (1975). SOPHIE: A step toward creating a reactive learning environment. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 7(5): 675–696. 3. Career Guidance and Students Welfare
approaches (adaptingitems from existing instruments) to the development of the two survey instruments: (1) a facultysurvey to identify engaging strategies, and (2) a student survey to evaluate these strategies in aself-reported Likert format along with open-ended questions. This paper primarily presents thedevelopment of the two surveys and the validation of the student engagement survey usingexploratory structured equation modeling technique. It only briefly presents students’ evaluationof the engagement strategies as this is not the primary focus of this paper.Background and Motivation:Distance learning has been a staple of educational systems around the world since the 1700’s [1],but has only become a major topic of research in recent decades
students are making. These errorsin turn can be used as a starting point for identifying the interventions that are required. Moreinsight into the differences among the clusters and the types of interventions required to addressthem will be obtained through ongoing analysis of the cluster results and through the think-aloudportion of the study that is currently underway.AcknowledgmentsThis material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under GrantEEC- 0550707. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in thismaterial are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National
us to explore the process-oriented framework that Walther, Sochacka, & Kellamconceptualized and to attend to the procedural validation of our research process6. Walther et al.situate their framework in the understanding that ‘the nondualist ontology of interpretive researchdemonstrate[s] that neutral observation is, in principle, impossible.’6 Through the process ofwriting this research paper, we are developing ‘methodological awareness’ by explicitlyreflecting on how our own experiences created biases in developing the survey, which willultimately support us in ‘fostering a deeper understanding of the social system underinvestigation.’6 The qualitative framework conceived by Walther et al., and used by other EngEdresearchers in their