increase diversityand inclusion, the researchers were motivated to conduct this study to improve the belonging ofengineering pre-major students in STEM classrooms and their intended majors. This researchexplores the effect of embedding small interventions designed to improve engineering pre-majorstudents’ sense of belonging and self-efficacy into traditionally taught Introduction to Engineeringand Introduction to Engineering Physics classes. In addition, this study investigates the effect ofthe interventions on different student groups (women, first generation, students of color or ethnicbackground, community college vs. technical college vs. university students, etc.). This study hasthe potential to benefit first-year engineering education
analysis throughout theirstudies. Thus, in this study we analyzed course format, student attitudes, and studentperformance. II. Review of Related Literature A. Factors of Student SuccessThe factors that make students successful in and out of the classroom are incredibly complexwith no fool-proof mathematical formula for success. We have begun to understand, however,that combinations of non-cognitive factors, such as grit, community engagement, identity,mindset, self-efficacy, and motivation are far more important predictors than traditionalmeasures of test scores or intelligence measures [4]. Based on this premise, we posit the barriersto student success in programming-oriented courses could largely be addressed by focusing onpromoting healthy
learning, theyhave the ability to make choices and are able to manage their interaction with the learningenvironment. Empowered students generally exhibit higher levels of motivation.The usefulness component specifies that students are more motivated when they understand howcourse activities relate to their short- or long-term goals. With respect to the success componentof the model, students must believe that they can succeed if they have the required knowledgeand skills and put forth the appropriate effort. Furthermore, students are more motivated whenthey feel challenged by a task that is not too easy or too hard. Self-perceptions of competence arecentral to many motivation theories, such as self-concept theory,22 self-efficacy theory,23, 24
’ abilities to value diverse perspectives within a group, facilitate contributions from allgroup members, assess their own and others’ contributions to the group, enable a constructiveteam climate, and promote a constructive conflict response [18]. This concept guided thedevelopment of survey questions that measured students’ perceived abilities, in alignment withliterature on project-based teams in engineering educational contexts [24]. The inclusive team-based learning items used the same response scale as the General Self-efficacy Scale, given theevidence of high reliability and cross-cultural validity [25]. Additionally, the survey askedstudents to rate how easy or difficult the 16 inclusive team-based learning activities felt, giventhat team
. Threedesign-focused mini-projects were piloted during the fall and winter quarters of the 2016 – 2017academic year. A professional skills-focused "micro-project" ran for the first three weeks of thefall quarter, followed by seven weeks of a design-focused "mini-project". Pilot sections in thewinter quarter began with a different seven-week mini-project followed by three weeks ofanother professional skills-focused micro-project. The first three mini-projects developed for thiseffort were titled: Robot Instruments, Heat Engine, and the Supercap Car Challenge. During thefall and winter quarters, students in the pilot sections were given self-efficacy surveys before andafter their projects based on a Likert-type scale. These gauged their impressions of
concept guided thedevelopment of survey questions that measured students’ perceived abilities, in alignment withliterature on project-based teams in engineering educational contexts [24]. The inclusive team-based learning items used the same response scale as the General Self-efficacy Scale, given theevidence of high reliability and cross-cultural validity [25]. Additionally, the survey askedstudents to rate how easy or difficult the 16 inclusive team-based learning activities felt, giventhat team-based activities can involve intercultural exchange. This strategy was informed by theconcept of intercultural effort [19], which explains that measuring students’ intergroupengagement without also measuring the effort required to engage across such
. Studentsenter the first-year engineering courses with a wide range of prior programming experience andstudents also have different self-efficacy when it comes to their programming skills. At the end ofthe first-year program, it is the intent that students have a similar level of ability when it comes tothe basic programming fundamentals that are assessed in this concept inventory. While there are 2different course tracks, honors and standard, students still should be gathering similar baselineknowledge in concepts assessed in the concept inventory. However, the honors course teaches anadditional course-worth of programming knowledge so it may be expected that they wouldperform better on the assessment. Additionally, it is not intended for this
designed to help preparestudents for university life. In order to facilitate the program and help students get involved inthe campus community, they are placed on a “pack” with five of their peers. Each pack is guidedby a “pack leader” who is a successful engineering student that acts as a mentor to the newstudents throughout their freshmen year. Having a peer mentor can aid in new students adjustingto campus life [9], [17]. Additionally, studies have shown that positive role models and socialsupport can impact the level of confidence and self-efficacy that students have in their ability tocomplete an engineering degree [18].MethodsParticipantsBoot camp participants were recruited through the Provost’s office and at various College ofEngineering
the role of engineer starters’ early academic experiences,including participation in project-based courses, on retention. Future work will broaden bothpredictors and outcomes. In particular, we plan to assess engineer starters’ attitude toward STEM(e.g., interest, self-concept, self-efficacy) and academic performance and retention. Future workwill include pre-tests and post-tests to control for pre-existing differences in attitude and interestby course enrollment. We will also examine the impact of other early academic experiences onretention, including research experiences and participation in other courses with hands-onlearning components.IntroductionIn order to remain competitive in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM
.” “The MacGyver projects were fun and effective ways to introduce basic concepts of engineering.” “The projects taught me a lot about teamwork.” “Working in groups because it teaches communication and group skills” Page 25.749.7Figure 2. Persistence of FTIC Engineering students from the AY 2007 cohort enrolled inProject-based First-Year engineering courses compared to peers enrolled in non-PBL lectureformat introductory courses.Additional surveys indicate that PBL students perceive that they have gained both in technicalcompetencies and in self-efficacy through their experiences in class. They express that they aremore
and performance.1 The study results showed asignificant inverse correlation between faculty distance (approachability and accessibility) andother constructs measured such as self-efficacy, academic confidence, and critical thinking.The living situation (on-campus, commuter, etc.) has a significant impact on students’persistence.4 Many studies support the positive benefits of participation in a living-learningcommunity. Soldner et al.5 state that participation in a science, technology, engineering, or math(STEM) living-learning community “have the capacity to enhance the quality of students’ peerand faculty interactions and deepen their sense of social support” (p. 330). However, somestudies found only small positive relationships between
assistant in Technology Education. Her research interests are culturally responsive teaching in multicultural settings, cultivating multiliteracies for multicultural education in K-12 contexts, and critical literacy education in early childhood. Her disserta- tion research concentrates on promoting preservice teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs in culturally responsive literacy teaching.Prof. Nathan Mentzer, Purdue University at West Lafayette Nathan Mentzer is an assistant professor in the College of Technology with a joint appointment in the College of Education at Purdue University. Hired as a part of the strategic P12 STEM initiative, he prepares Engineering/Technology candidates for teacher licensure. Dr. Mentzer’s
least to you, and why?”; “Recall Majors EssayAssignments #1 and #2, will the chats that you had with classmates impact your decision foryour major choice? How?”; “Have you made a major choice? Why or why not?”By Week 6 most first-year students have received grades for the first set of calculus, physics, andchemistry exams. For some students, their first exam scores in these basic science and mathcourses are their first taste of the reality of college-level academic expectations, and it is wellknown that this is when many students choose to leave the College, who might otherwise besuccessful given the time to develop strategies for academic success and self-efficacy.5,6Recognizing this critical juncture in the students’ first year, the plenary
) because this is the first engineering class students take andis prerequisite to all other engineering classes. Impacts outside ENGR 10 include participating ina variety of student success programs at University A, such the summer two-week project-basedengineering orientation program (EXCEED), the engineering learning and living community(CELL), or the MESA engineering program for underrepresented students. The survey did notexplore the impact of pre-college pre-engineering programs. Students are also impacted by mathand science courses they are taking, their academic advising, and student clubs they participatein. The top two factors students reported are both related to self-efficacy: ‘my personalabilities/talents “fit” the requirements in
theirrelationship with academic performance. Second, longitudinal studies to identify the relationshipand impact of employed study strategies on the students' academic performance over the courseof their engineering degree should be conducted. Finally, the researchers may includemotivational factors to discuss the relationship between the students' study strategies and theiracademic performance.AcknowledgmentThe authors would like to thank Dr. Heidi Diefes-Dux and Dr. Morgan Hynes for access tostudent data.References[1] M. C. W. Yip, “Learning strategies and self-efficacy as predictors of academic performance: a preliminary study,” Qual. High. Educ., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 23–34, 2012, doi: 10.1080/13538322.2012.667263.[2] N. Rosenberg and R. R. Nelson
strongly related to learner-centered practices (r=.45), withmathematics achievement running a close second (r=.34). Grades as an outcome show a muchlower relationship (r=.25). Affective/motivational variables showed higher association, typically,than cognitive outcomes. Student participation, for example, is strongly related to learner-centeredness (r=.55), closely followed by satisfaction (r=.44), drop-out prevention (r=.35), self-efficacy (r=.35), positive motivation (r=.32), and social connection/skills (r=.32). Given these affective/motivational variables are causally and reciprocally related tostudent achievement in mathematics and science4, we propose that faculty learner centeredattitudes and practices put in place a positive
institutional data analyst. As a psychometrician, she revised the PSVT:R for secondary and undergraduate students, developed the TESS (Teaching Engineering Self-efficacy Scale) for K-12 teachers, and rescaled the SASI (Student Attitudinal Success Inventory) for engineering students. As a program evaluator, she evaluated the effects of teacher professional development (TPD) programs on elementary teachers’ attitudes toward engineering and students’ STEM knowledge through a NSF DRK-12 project. As an institutional data analyst, she is investigating engineering students’ pathways to their success. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2016 Enculturation of Diverse Students to the
experiences to assist students with choosing an intended major [1]. The commonfirst-year experience provides students with a place to explore and address their misconceptionsabout the engineering profession and its disciplines, a setting which student motivations becometangled with those of the department and faculty.MUSIC model of academic motivationMotivation theories attempt to explain the relationships between beliefs, values, and goals withrespect to action. A number of motivational theories are related to the student themselves such asSelf-Determination Theory [5], Expectancy-Value Theory [12, 13] or Self-Efficacy [14]. In thisstudy, the MUSIC model of academic motivation [4] was used to measure student motivation inthe FYE courses. The MUSIC
, or come to campus and choose from the availablecourse inventory. Due to limited access to building materials, computer simulation and CADtools were emphasized in Fall 2020. To accommodate students overseas and students withfinancial hardship, they were given the option to complete labs and projects through onlinesimulation using Tinkercad [17].Self-determination TheorySelf-determination theory (SDT) states the importance of satisfying three fundamentalpsychological needs for individuals’ well-being. The basic needs are autonomy, a sense of choiceand control; relatedness, a sense of positive and supportive connections to others; andcompetence, a sense of mastery and self-efficacy [18]. The satisfaction of these basicpsychological needs
Studies, a master’s in Counseling and Personnel Services, and is a doctoral candidate in Higher Education, Student Affairs, and International Education Policy.Dr. Shannon Hayes Buenaflor, University of Maryland, College Park Shannon Hayes Buenaflor currently serves as the Assistant Director of Transfer Student Advising and Admissions in the A. James Clark School of Engineering. Recently completing her Ph.D. in Higher Education at the University of Maryland, Dr. Buenaflor’s research focuses on transfer student success, pre-transfer advising, and the role of self-efficacy in the transfer process.Mr. Brian Farrington Dillehay, University of Maryland, College Park Brian Dillehay is the Assistant Director in the Office of
punishment avoidance.SDT also postulates that individuals will adopt more internalized/autonomous forms ofmotivations, resulting in more optimal learning outcomes, when three basic psychological needsare satisfied: autonomy, a sense of choice and control; relatedness, a sense of positive andsupportive connections to others; and competence, a sense of mastery and self-efficacy [18].In a real-world setting, individuals express multiple forms of motivation to varying degrees inany given activity, instead of appearing as either autonomous/internalized orcontrolled/externalized. Examining the learner’s motivation across the whole continuum ofamotivation, external regulation, identified regulation and intrinsic motivation, i.e.,characterizing it into a
advancement of engineering education. CAEE-TR-10-02. 2010, Center for the Advancement of Engineering Education: Seattle, WA, USA.7. Seymour, E., & Hewitt, N. M., Talking about leaving: Why undergraduates leave the sciences, 1997, Boulder, CO,USA: Westview Press.8. Marra, R. M., Rodgers, K. A., Shen, D., & Bogue, B., Women engineering students and self-efficacy: A multi-year, multi-institution study of women engineering student self-efficacy, Journal of Engineering Education, 2009, Vol. 98, No. 1, pp. 27-38.9. Lord, S. M., Layton, R. A., & Ohland, M. W., Trajectories of electrical engineering and computer engineering students by race and gender, IEEE Transactions on Education, 2011, Vol. 54, No. 4, pp. 610
of a physical prototypehas been shown to improve basic engineering skills, viz. spatial visualization, and increasestudent interest and retention in the discipline. FYE courses are frequently taught in large-enrollment settings, which adds logistical complexity to supplying and supervising hands-onprototyping across a large number of students. Lastly, engineering design challenges must bethoughtfully scaffolded in FYE courses to help novice students navigate complex, longer-termprojects in a team-based setting. Prior work by our group and others [Authors 2018, 2019,citation redacted for review] have shown unequal distribution of tasks on team-based projects,caused in part by differences in self-efficacy and prior experiences. This effect can
tracked for five semestersbeyond.Foundationally, this engineering major discernment study is theoretically founded in SocialCognitive Career Theory (SCCT) to consider students decisions14-15. SCCT is used to evaluate thegoals, outcomes expectations, and self-efficacy beliefs14. An engineering education based studyon engineering major discernment used SCCT by VanDeGrift and Lao reported that courseprojects, faculty advisory interactions, and other laboratory experiences were influential inengineering major selection. The current study expects to reveal that other targeted courseexperiences would likewise influence students16.Research Questions: 1. How effective is the engineering informed decision making module at meeting its intended goals
or problem-solving tasks) and retention measures. It is also important to note that this category includesassessment related to retention after the first year and to motivation (measured either throughsomewhat generic ‘student satisfaction’ surveys or through established motivation frameworkssuch as expectancy-value or self-efficacy).Assessment related to design and problem-solving practices also took a variety of forms, and inmany instances was linked to retention issues as well as to professional skills such as teamwork.Researchers included assessment related to design process knowledge, confidence in design-related tasks, and project outcomes.Beyond these two core issue, researchers reported localized assessment efforts around a numberof
intended outcomes, and the context of thework in some detail.Our data regarding outcomes of the experience for both mentors and mentees come from surveysconducted at the end of the semester, though we recognize that self-reported information fromthe end of the semester is not the perfect tool[7] . In the future, we may collect informationthroughout the semester to see how students’ and mentors’ perspectives change over time.This study follows a scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) process. We seek to evaluatesomething we are doing in the classroom; we did not begin with a theoretical framework likeengineering self-efficacy or teaching self-efficacy, though we believe both are relevant to thisstudy.How we use peer mentors in our first year
of the academic rigor and transition issues they are facing. Thecombination of rigorous coursework, the freedom to try and fail, and significant peer and staffsupport allows for the failure and mastery experiences needed to develop self-efficacy and agrowth mindset.19, 24Other aspects of RESP were also designed based on a number of best practices in the field.Research demonstrates study groups are a crucial aspect of success in undergraduate STEMprograms.25 Because most students in RESP were among the most capable in their high school,few arrive at Rice having worked extensively in groups of equally capable peers. Additionally,students from groups traditionally underrepresented in STEM fields may resist asking for help soas not to confirm
cornerstone and non-cornerstone (original 2 course sequence) sections on many topics covering textbooks, pedagogy,concepts taught, self-efficacy in engineering, and more; 2) student feedback teams used in manysections of the course; 3) University-administered student evaluations given at the end of eachsemester; and 4) the first-year teaching team, which met frequently and worked each summer toimprove course design and supporting materials.This paper outlines the differences between the Full versus Split Cornerstone approaches andlooks at the evolution of a first year culture and other positive effects created in instituting thenew Cornerstone courses. The analysis includes how both the students and instructors areaffected by each approach and the
six broad factors drive students to leave engineering: classroom and academicclimate, grades and conceptual understanding, self-efficacy and self-confidence, high schoolpreparation, interest and career goals, and race and gender. They also noted that studies suggestthat retention can be increased by addressing one or more of these factors [3].In order to address the factors that persistently cause so many students to leave engineering, andto develop a lower-division curriculum that will engage and retain Electrical Engineering majors,particularly those from underrepresented groups, California State University San Marcos, proposesto implement this study to improve retention. This paper will address two of the retention issuesthat Geisinger and
Vogt illustrates “time expending the necessary mental effort.” Vogt continued inher study to show that student self-efficacy had “very strong effects on effort and criticalthinking where academic confidence had insignificant effect.” What she meant by this was that a Page 26.237.2students’ view that they could accomplish the work in a class was a greater factor in a students’effort and in the critical thinking that they did in a class than was their general academic skill3.Students need to be actively engaged in their chosen professions as soon as possible. A recentprogram review at UT Tyler indicates that students who are in exciting active